Functional Fiber Materials to Smart Fiber Devices

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 123(2), P. 613 - 662

Published: Aug. 17, 2022

The development of fiber materials has accompanied the evolution human civilization for centuries. Recent advances in science and chemistry offered fibers new applications with various functions, including energy harvesting, storing, displaying, health monitoring treating, computing. unique one-dimensional shape devices endows them advantages to work as human-interfaced electronics due small size, lightweight, flexibility, feasibility integration into large-scale textile systems. In this review, we first present a discussion basics design principles devices, followed by comprehensive analysis on recently developed devices. Finally, provide current challenges facing field give an outlook future research directions. With novel continuing be discovered after two decades research, envision that could have important impact our life near future.

Language: Английский

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Hydrophilic, Breathable, and Washable Graphene Decorated Textile Assisted by Silk Sericin for Integrated Multimodal Smart Wearables

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(42)

Published: March 18, 2022

Abstract Achieving integrated systems with comfortability and durability comparable to traditional textiles is one of the ultimate pursuits smart wearables. This work reports a hydrophilic, breathable, biocompatible, washable graphene‐decorated electronic textile that achieved assistance silk sericin enables fabrication comfortable multisensing textiles. The prepared by dyeing commercial an aqueous graphene ink, which contains natural sericin‐coated free any artificial chemicals. conformally coated hydrophilic sericin–graphene flakes well‐reserved knitted structure endow good conductivity, excellent hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, breathability, flexibility, ensuring its performance wearing‐comfort. Moreover, obtained after processed cross‐linking agent. Based on textile, can simultaneously collect analyze myoelectrical mechanical signals developed, enabling recognition distinguishment complex human motions. With combined features washability, versatility, this strategy fabricating based conventional ink provides scalable sustainable way construct

Language: Английский

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Flexible and Stretchable Electrochemical Sensors for Biological Monitoring

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 28, 2023

The rise of flexible and stretchable electronics has revolutionized biosensor techniques for probing biological systems. Particularly, electrochemical sensors (FSECSs) enable the in situ quantification numerous biochemical molecules different entities owing to their exceptional sensitivity, fast response, easy miniaturization. Over past decade, fabrication application FSECSs have significantly progressed. This review highlights key developments electrode functionalization. It delves into sensing various biomarkers, including metabolites, electrolytes, signaling molecules, neurotransmitters from systems, encompassing outer epidermis, tissues/organs vitro vivo, living cells. Finally, considering preparation applications, current challenges future opportunities are discussed.

Language: Английский

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Porous Conductive Textiles for Wearable Electronics

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124(4), P. 1535 - 1648

Published: Feb. 19, 2024

Over the years, researchers have made significant strides in development of novel flexible/stretchable and conductive materials, enabling creation cutting-edge electronic devices for wearable applications. Among these, porous textiles (PCTs) emerged as an ideal material platform electronics, owing to their light weight, flexibility, permeability, wearing comfort. This Review aims present a comprehensive overview progress state art utilizing PCTs design fabrication wide variety integrated systems. To begin with, we elucidate how revolutionize form factors electronics. We then discuss preparation strategies PCTs, terms raw processes, key properties. Afterward, provide detailed illustrations are used basic building blocks fabricate intrinsically flexible or stretchable devices, including sensors, actuators, therapeutic energy-harvesting storage displays. further describe techniques systems either by hybridizing conventional off-the-shelf rigid components with integrating multiple fibrous PCTs. Subsequently, highlight some important application scenarios healthcare, sports training, converging technologies, professional specialists. At end Review, challenges perspectives on future research directions give overall conclusions. As demand more personalized interconnected continues grow, PCT-based wearables hold immense potential redefine landscape technology reshape way live, work, play.

Language: Английский

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Flexible electronics for cardiovascular healthcare monitoring

The Innovation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(5), P. 100485 - 100485

Published: July 25, 2023

•Flexible electronics can revolutionize cardiovascular healthcare monitoring.•Flexible aid in promptly identifying disease indicators, enabling better personalized treatment.•Further developments include wireless design, miniaturization, multifunction, artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis, virtual medicine, customized healthcare, etc. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the most urgent threats to humans worldwide, which responsible for almost one-third global mortality. Over last decade, research on flexible monitoring and treatment CVDs has attracted tremendous attention. In contrast conventional medical instruments hospitals that usually bulky, hard move, monofunctional, time-consuming, capable continuous, noninvasive, real-time, portable monitoring. Notable progress been made this emerging field, thus a number significant achievements concomitant prospects deserve attention practical implementation. Here, we comprehensively review latest CVDs, focusing new functions provided by electronics. First, characteristics foundation their combination briefly reviewed. Then, four representative applications elaborated: blood pressure (BP) monitoring, electrocardiogram (ECG) echocardiogram direct epicardium Their operational principles, progress, merits demerits, future efforts discussed. Finally, remaining challenges opportunities outlined.

Language: Английский

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Soft Sensors and Actuators for Wearable Human–Machine Interfaces

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124(4), P. 1464 - 1534

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Haptic human-machine interfaces (HHMIs) combine tactile sensation and haptic feedback to allow humans interact closely with machines robots, providing immersive experiences convenient lifestyles. Significant progress has been made in developing wearable sensors that accurately detect physical electrophysiological stimuli improved softness, functionality, reliability, selectivity. In addition, soft actuating systems have developed provide high-quality by precisely controlling force, displacement, frequency, spatial resolution. this Review, we discuss the latest technological advances of actuators for demonstration HHMIs. We particularly focus on highlighting material structural approaches enable desired sensing properties necessary effective Furthermore, promising practical applications current HHMI technology various areas such as metaverse, robotics, user-interactive devices are discussed detail. Finally, Review further concludes discussing outlook next-generation technology.

Language: Английский

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Challenges and Opportunities of Implantable Neural Interfaces: From Material, Electrochemical and Biological Perspectives

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(32)

Published: June 8, 2023

Abstract The desirable implantable neural interfaces can accurately record bioelectrical signals from neurons and regulate activities with high spatial/time resolution, facilitating the understanding of neuronal functions dynamics. However, electrochemical performance (impedance, charge storage/injection capacity) is limited miniaturization integration electrodes. “crosstalk” caused by uneven distribution elctric field leads to lower electrical stimulation/recording efficiency. mismatch between stiff electrodes soft tissues exacerbates inflammatory responses, thus weakening transmission signals. Though remarkable breakthroughs have been made through incorporation optimizing electrode design functionalized nanomaterials, chronic stability, long‐term activity in vivo still need further development. In this review, interface challenges mainly on electrochemistry biology are discussed, followed summarizing typical optimization technologies exploring recent advances application based traditional metallic materials, emerging 2D conducting polymer hydrogels, etc., for enhancing interfaces. strategies improving durability including enhanced adhesion minimized response, also summarized. promising directions finally presented provide enlightenment high‐performance future, which will promote profound progress neuroscience research.

Language: Английский

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Flexible Electrodes for Brain–Computer Interface System

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(47)

Published: May 5, 2023

Abstract Brain–computer interface (BCI) has been the subject of extensive research recently. Governments and companies have substantially invested in relevant applications. The restoration communication motor function, treatment psychological disorders, gaming, other daily therapeutic applications all benefit from BCI. electrodes hold key to essential, fundamental BCI precondition electrical brain activity detection delivery. However, traditional rigid are limited due their mismatch Young's modulus, potential damages human body, a decline signal quality with time. These factors make development flexible vital urgent. Flexible made soft materials grown popularity recent years as an alternative conventional because they offer greater conformance, for higher signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) signals, wider range Therefore, latest classifications future developmental directions fabricating these explored this paper further encourage speedy advent In summary, perspectives outlook developing discipline provided.

Language: Английский

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Development and application of electrospun fiber-based multifunctional sensors

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 486, P. 150204 - 150204

Published: March 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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Integrated Sensors for Soft Medical Robotics

Small, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(22)

Published: Jan. 7, 2024

Abstract Minimally invasive procedures assisted by soft robots for surgery, diagnostics, and drug delivery have unprecedented benefits over traditional solutions from both patient surgeon perspectives. However, the translation of such technology into commercialization remains challenging. The lack perception abilities is one obstructive factors paramount a safe, accurate efficient robot‐assisted intervention. Integrating different types miniature sensors onto robotic end‐effectors promising trend to compensate perceptual deficiencies in robots. For example, haptic feedback with force helps surgeons control interaction at tool‐tissue interface, impedance sensing tissue electrical properties can be used tumor detection. last decade has witnessed significant progress development multimodal built on advancement engineering, material science scalable micromachining technologies. This review article provides snapshot common integrated medical It covers various mechanisms, examples practical clinical applications, standard manufacturing processes, as well insights emerging engineering routes fabrication novel high‐performing devices.

Language: Английский

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