The blood–brain barrier: Structure, regulation and drug delivery

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: May 25, 2023

Abstract Blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a natural protective membrane that prevents central nervous system (CNS) from toxins and pathogens in blood. However, the presence of BBB complicates pharmacotherapy for CNS disorders as most chemical drugs biopharmaceuticals have been impeded to enter brain. Insufficient drug delivery into brain leads low therapeutic efficacy well aggravated side effects due accumulation other organs tissues. Recent breakthrough materials science nanotechnology provides library advanced with customized structure property serving powerful toolkit targeted delivery. In-depth research field anatomical pathological study on further facilitates development brain-targeted strategies enhanced crossing. In this review, physiological different cells contributing are summarized. Various emerging permeability regulation crossing including passive transcytosis, intranasal administration, ligands conjugation, coating, stimuli-triggered disruption, overcome obstacle highlighted. Versatile systems ranging organic, inorganic, biologics-derived their synthesis procedures unique physio-chemical properties summarized analyzed. This review aims provide an up-to-date comprehensive guideline researchers diverse fields, offering perspectives system.

Language: Английский

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Interfacial Assembly and Applications of Functional Mesoporous Materials

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 121(23), P. 14349 - 14429

Published: Oct. 5, 2021

Functional mesoporous materials have gained tremendous attention due to their distinctive properties and potential applications. In recent decades, the self-assembly of micelles framework precursors into mesostructures on liquid-solid, liquid-liquid, gas-liquid interface has been explored in construction functional with diverse compositions, morphologies, mesostructures, pore sizes. Compared one-phase solution synthetic approach, introduction a two-phase system changes behaviors between species, leading possibility for on-demand fabrication unique architectures. addition, controlling interfacial tension is critical manipulate process precise synthesis. particular, breakthroughs based concept "monomicelles" assembly mechanism are very promising interesting synthesis control. this review, we highlight strategies, principles, engineering at macroscale, microscale, nanoscale oriented over past 10 years. The applications various fields, including adsorption, separation, sensors, catalysis, energy storage, solar cells, biomedicine, discussed. Finally, also propose remaining challenges, possible directions, opportunities field future outlook.

Language: Английский

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An Overview on SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) and Other Human Coronaviruses and Their Detection Capability via Amplification Assay, Chemical Sensing, Biosensing, Immunosensing, and Clinical Assays

Nano-Micro Letters, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Nov. 2, 2020

Abstract A novel coronavirus of zoonotic origin (SARS-CoV-2) has recently been recognized in patients with acute respiratory disease. COVID-19 causative agent is structurally and genetically similar to SARS bat SARS-like coronaviruses. The drastic increase the number its genome sequence have given us an unprecedented opportunity perform bioinformatics genomics analysis on this class viruses. Clinical tests like PCR ELISA for rapid detection virus are urgently needed early identification infected patients. However, these techniques expensive not readily available point-of-care (POC) applications. Currently, lack any rapid, available, reliable POC method gives rise progression as a horrible global problem. To solve negative features clinical investigation, we provide brief introduction general coronaviruses describe various amplification assays, sensing, biosensing, immunosensing, aptasensing determination groups applied template SARS-CoV-2. All sensing biosensing developed classes useful recognize newly immerged coronavirus, i.e., Also, methods sheds light way designing proper screening system detect at stage infection tranquilize speed vastity spreading. Among other approaches investigated among molecular or recognition viral diseases, LAMP-based LFAs great importance their numerous benefits, which can be helpful design universal platform future emerging pathogenic

Language: Английский

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Advancements in nanoparticle-based treatment approaches for skin cancer therapy

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

Skin cancer has emerged as the fifth most commonly reported in world, causing a burden on global health and economy. The enormously rising environmental changes, industrialization, genetic modification have further exacerbated skin statistics. Current treatment modalities such surgery, radiotherapy, conventional chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy are facing several issues related to cost, toxicity, bioavailability thereby leading declined anti-skin therapeutic efficacy poor patient compliance. In context of overcoming this limitation, nanotechnological advancements been witnessed so far. Among various nanomaterials, nanoparticles endowed exorbitant advantages by acting both agents drug carriers for remarkable cancer. small size large surface area volume ratio escalate tumor uptake through their leaky vasculature resulting enhanced efficacy. context, present review provides up date information about different types pathology cancer, followed current associated drawbacks. Furthermore, it meticulously discusses role numerous inorganic, polymer, lipid-based therapy with subsequent descriptions patents clinical trials.

Language: Английский

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A Comprehensive Review of Nanomaterials: Types, Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications

Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 41 - 41

Published: Jan. 24, 2022

Nanotechnology has infiltrated all sectors due to its unique and evident impacts, which give the scientific community numerous breakthroughs in medical, agricultural, other domains. Nanomaterials (NMs) have risen prominence technological their adjustable physical, chemical, biological characteristics superior performance over bulk equivalents. NMs are divided into many categories based on size, composition, capping agents, form, origin. The capacity forecast NMs' features raises value of each categorization. As manufacturing industrial uses grow, so does demand. purpose this review is compare synthetic naturally occurring nanoparticles nanostructured materials determine nanoscale identify particular knowledge gaps related environmental application materials. paper includes an overview history classifications sources, both natural manufactured. Furthermore, applications for

Language: Английский

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Charge-reversal biodegradable MSNs for tumor synergetic chemo/photothermal and visualized therapy

Journal of Controlled Release, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 338, P. 719 - 730

Published: Sept. 10, 2021

Language: Английский

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Microfluidic Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery

Small, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(36)

Published: April 9, 2022

Abstract Nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted tremendous interest in drug delivery the past decades. Microfluidics offers a promising strategy for making NPs due to its capability precisely controlling NP properties. The recent success of mRNA vaccines using microfluidics represents big milestone microfluidic pharmaceutical applications, and rapid scaling up demonstrates feasibility industrial‐scale manufacturing. This article provides critical review progress delivery. First, synthesis organic focusing on typical methods their applications popular clinically relevant NPs, such as liposomes, lipid polymer well mechanisms are summarized. Then, several representative inorganic (e.g., silica, metal, metal oxide, quantum dots), hybrid is discussed. Lastly, various presented.

Language: Английский

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Fluorescent Nanoparticles for Super-Resolution Imaging

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 122(15), P. 12495 - 12543

Published: June 27, 2022

Super-resolution imaging techniques that overcome the diffraction limit of light have gained wide popularity for visualizing cellular structures with nanometric resolution. Following pace hardware developments, availability new fluorescent probes superior properties is becoming ever more important. In this context, nanoparticles (NPs) attracted increasing attention as bright and photostable address many shortcomings traditional probes. The use NPs super-resolution a recent development provides focus current review. We give an overview different methods discuss their demands on NPs. then review in detail features, strengths, weaknesses each NP class to support these applications provide examples from utilization various biological systems. Moreover, we outlook future field opportunities material science multiplexed subcellular

Language: Английский

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Mesoporous Nanoarchitectures for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 32(44)

Published: Sept. 22, 2020

Abstract Mesoporous materials have attracted considerable attention because of their distinctive properties, including high surface areas, large pore sizes, tunable structures, controllable chemical compositions, and abundant forms composite materials. During the last decade, there has been increasing research interest in constructing advanced mesoporous nanomaterials possessing short open channels with efficient mass diffusion capability rich accessible active sites for electrochemical energy conversion storage. Here, synthesis, energy‐related applications are main focus. After a brief summary synthetic methods nanostructures, delicate design construction described detail through precise tailoring particle nanostructures. Afterward, as electrode lithium‐ion batteries, supercapacitors, water‐splitting electrolyzers, fuel cells discussed. Finally, possible development directions challenges storage proposed.

Language: Английский

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Functionalized silica nanoparticles: classification, synthetic approaches and recent advances in adsorption applications

Nanoscale, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(38), P. 15998 - 16016

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Silica nanoparticles have evolved from the field of nanotechnology to different fields science and engineering. An overview silica going definitions properties, synthetic approaches applications is presented.

Language: Английский

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