Nanozymes: Classification, Catalytic Mechanisms, Activity Regulation, and Applications

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 119(6), P. 4357 - 4412

Published: Feb. 25, 2019

Because of the high catalytic activities and substrate specificity, natural enzymes have been widely used in industrial, medical, biological fields, etc. Although promising, they often suffer from intrinsic shortcomings such as cost, low operational stability, difficulties recycling. To overcome these shortcomings, researchers devoted to exploration artificial enzyme mimics for a long time. Since discovery ferromagnetic nanoparticles with horseradish peroxidase-like activity 2007, large amount studies on nanozymes constantly emerging next decade. Nanozymes are one kind nanomaterials enzymatic properties. Compared enzymes, advantages stability durability, which fields. A thorough understanding possible mechanisms will contribute development novel high-efficient nanozymes, rational regulations great significance. In this review, we systematically introduce classification, mechanism, regulation well recent research progress field biosensing, environmental protection, disease treatments, past years. We also propose current challenges their future focus. anticipate review may be significance understand properties mimicking activities.

Language: Английский

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Synthesis of Copper Peroxide Nanodots for H₂O₂ Self-Supplying Chemodynamic Therapy

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 141(25), P. 9937 - 9945

Published: June 2, 2019

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) employs Fenton catalysts to kill cancer cells by converting intracellular H2O2 into hydroxyl radical (•OH), but endogenous is insufficient achieve satisfactory anticancer efficacy. Despite tremendous efforts, engineering CDT agents with specific and efficient self-supplying ability remains a great challenge. Here, we report the fabrication of copper peroxide (CP) nanodot, which first example Fenton-type metal nanomaterial, its use as an activatable agent for enhanced H2O2. The CP nanodots were prepared through coordination Cu2+ aid hydroxide ion, could be reversed acid treatment. After endocytosis tumor cells, acidic environment endo/lysosomes accelerated dissociation nanodots, allowing simultaneous release catalytic accompanied reaction between them. resulting •OH induced lysosomal membrane permeabilization lipid peroxidation thus caused cell death via lysosome-associated pathway. In addition pH-dependent generation property, small particle size showed high accumulation after intravenous administration, enabled effective growth inhibition minimal side effects in vivo. Our work not only provides paradigm fabricating nanomaterials, also presents new strategy improve

Language: Английский

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Nanocatalytic Tumor Therapy by Biomimetic Dual Inorganic Nanozyme‐Catalyzed Cascade Reaction

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 6(3)

Published: Nov. 28, 2018

Abstract Emerging nanocatalytic tumor therapies based on nontoxic but catalytically active inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) for intratumoral production of high‐toxic reactive oxygen species have inspired great research interest in the scientific community. Nanozymes exhibiting natural enzyme‐mimicking catalytic activities been extensively explored biomedicine, mostly biomolecular detection, yet much fewer researches are available specific therapy. This study reports construction an efficient biomimetic dual nanozyme‐based nanoplatform, which triggers cascade reactions microenvironment responsive therapy ultrasmall Au and Fe 3 O 4 NPs coloaded dendritic mesoporous silica NPs. as unique glucose oxidase‐mimic nanozyme specifically catalyze β‐D‐glucose oxidation into gluconic acid H 2 , while produced is subsequently catalyzed by peroxidase‐mimic to liberate hydroxyl radicals inducing tumor‐cell death typical Fenton‐based reaction. Extensive vitro vivo evaluations demonstrated high nanocatalytic‐therapeutic efficacy with a desirable tumor‐suppression rate (69.08%) these biocompatible composite nanocatalysts. Therefore, this work paves way rationally designing nanozymes multienzymatic achieving therapeutic excellent biosafety simultaneously.

Language: Английский

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Biomedicine Meets Fenton Chemistry

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 121(4), P. 1981 - 2019

Published: Jan. 25, 2021

Since the first connection between Fenton chemistry and biomedicine, numerous studies have been presented in this field. Comprehensive presentation of guidance from a summary its representative applications cancer therapy would help us understand promote further development This comprehensive review supplies basic information regarding chemistry, including reactions Fenton-like reactions. Subsequently, current progress is discussed, with some corresponding examples presented. Furthermore, strategies for optimizing performance chemodynamic guided by are highlighted. Most importantly, future perspectives on combination biomedicine or wider range catalytic approaches We hope that will attract positive attention materials science, fields tighten their connections.

Language: Английский

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Nanocatalytic Medicine

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 31(39)

Published: July 22, 2019

Abstract Catalysis and medicine are often considered as two independent research fields with their own respective scientific phenomena. Promoted by recent advances in nanochemistry, large numbers of nanocatalysts, such nanozymes, photocatalysts, electrocatalysts, have been applied vivo to initiate catalytic reactions modulate biological microenvironments for generating therapeutic effects. The rapid growth biomedical applications nanocatalysts has led the concept “nanocatalytic medicine,” which is expected promote further advance a subdiscipline nanomedicine. high efficiency selectivity catalysis that chemists strived achieve past century can be ingeniously translated into efficacy mitigated side effects theranostics using medicine” steer optimized outcomes. Here, rationale behind construction nanocatalytic eludicated based on essential reaction factors (catalysts, energy input, reactant). Recent this burgeoning field then comprehensively presented mechanisms nanosystems conferred theranostic functions discussed detail. It believed an emerging modality will play more important role

Language: Английский

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GSH‐Depleted Nanozymes with Hyperthermia‐Enhanced Dual Enzyme‐Mimic Activities for Tumor Nanocatalytic Therapy

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 32(42)

Published: Sept. 11, 2020

Abstract Nanocatalytic therapy, using artificial nanoscale enzyme mimics (nanozymes), is an emerging technology for therapeutic treatment of various malignant tumors. However, the relatively deficient catalytic activity nanozymes in tumor microenvironment (TME) restrains their biomedical applications. Here, a versatile and bacteria‐like PEG/Ce‐Bi@DMSN nanozyme developed by coating uniform Bi 2 S 3 nanorods (NRs) with dendritic mesoporous silica (Bi @DMSN) then decorating ultrasmall ceria into large mesopores @DMSN. The exhibit dual enzyme‐mimic activities (peroxidase‐mimic catalase‐mimic) under acidic conditions that can regulate TME, is, simultaneously elevate oxidative stress relieve hypoxia. In addition, effectively consume overexpressed glutathione (GSH) through redox reaction. Photothermal therapy (PTT) introduced to synergistically improve enzyme‐mimicking depletion GSH tumors photonic hyperthermia. This achieved taking advantage desirable light absorbance second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) window nanozymes. Subsequently reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐mediated efficiency significantly improved. Therefore, this study provides proof concept hyperthermia‐augmented multi‐enzymatic ablation.

Language: Английский

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A Review on Metal- and Metal Oxide-Based Nanozymes: Properties, Mechanisms, and Applications

Nano-Micro Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: July 9, 2021

Since the ferromagnetic (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were firstly reported to exert enzyme-like activity in 2007, extensive research progress nanozymes has been made with deep investigation of diverse and rapid development related nanotechnologies. As promising alternatives for natural enzymes, have broadened way toward clinical medicine, food safety, environmental monitoring, chemical production. The past decade witnessed metal- metal oxide-based owing their remarkable physicochemical properties parallel low cost, high stability, easy storage. It is widely known that study catalytic activities mechanism sheds significant influence on applications nanozymes. This review digs into characteristics intrinsic nanozymes, especially emphasizing recent biological analysis, relieving inflammation, antibacterial, cancer therapy. We also conclude present challenges provide insights future constituted oxide nanomaterials.

Language: Английский

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High-Performance Self-Cascade Pyrite Nanozymes for Apoptosis–Ferroptosis Synergistic Tumor Therapy

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 5735 - 5751

Published: March 11, 2021

As next-generation artificial enzymes, nanozymes have shown great promise for tumor catalytic therapy. In particular, their peroxidase-like activity has been employed to catalyze hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) produce highly toxic hydroxyl radicals (•OH) kill cells. However, limited by the low affinity between with H2O2 and level of in microenvironment, peroxidase usually produced insufficient •OH cells therapeutic purposes. Herein, we present a pyrite nanozyme ultrahigh affinity, resulting 4144- 3086-fold increase compared that classical Fe3O4 natural horseradish peroxidase, respectively. We found also possesses intrinsic glutathione oxidase-like activity, which catalyzes oxidation reduced accompanied generation. Thus, dual-activity constitutes self-cascade platform generate abundant deplete glutathione, induces apoptosis as well ferroptosis Consequently, it killed apoptosis-resistant harboring KRAS mutation inducing ferroptosis. The exhibited favorable tumor-specific cytotoxicity biodegradability ensure its biosafety. These results indicate high-performance is an effective reagent may aid development nanozyme-based

Language: Английский

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Nanozyme for tumor therapy: Surface modification matters

Exploration, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 1(1), P. 75 - 89

Published: Aug. 1, 2021

As the next generation of artificial enzymes, nanozymes have shown unique properties compared to its natural counterparts, such as stability in harsh environment, low cost, and ease production modification, paving way for biomedical applications. Among them, tumor catalytic therapy mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) has made great progress mainly from peroxidase-like activity nanozymes. Fe

Language: Английский

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Manipulating Intratumoral Fenton Chemistry for Enhanced Chemodynamic and Chemodynamic‐Synergized Multimodal Therapy

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 33(48)

Published: Sept. 27, 2021

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) uses the tumor microenvironment-assisted intratumoral Fenton reaction for generating highly toxic hydroxyl free radicals (•OH) to achieve selective treatment. However, limited efficiency restricts therapeutic efficacy of CDT. Recent years have witnessed impressive development various strategies increase reaction. The introduction these reinforcement can dramatically improve treatment CDT and further promote enhanced (ECDT)-based multimodal anticancer treatments. In this review, authors systematically introduce strategies, from their basic working principles, mechanisms representative clinical applications. Then, ECDT-based is discussed, including how integrate emerging accelerating therapy, as well synergistic ECDT other methods. Eventually, future direction challenges therapies are elaborated, highlighting key scientific problems unsolved technical bottlenecks facilitate translation.

Language: Английский

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