Safety and feasibility of CRISPR-edited T cells in patients with refractory non-small-cell lung cancer

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 732 - 740

Published: April 27, 2020

Language: Английский

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Tools and Techniques for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)/COVID-19 Detection

Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 34(3)

Published: May 11, 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has led to millions of confirmed cases and deaths worldwide. Efficient diagnostic tools are in high demand, as rapid large-scale testing plays a pivotal role patient management decelerating spread.

Language: Английский

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CRISPR/Cas9 therapeutics: progress and prospects

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Jan. 16, 2023

Abstract Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) gene-editing technology is the ideal tool of future for treating diseases by permanently correcting deleterious base mutations or disrupting disease-causing genes with great precision and efficiency. A variety efficient Cas9 variants derivatives have been developed to cope complex genomic changes that occur during diseases. However, strategies effectively deliver CRISPR system diseased cells in vivo are currently lacking, nonviral vectors target recognition functions may be focus research. Pathological physiological resulting from disease onset expected serve as identifying factors targeted delivery targets gene editing. Diseases both varied complex, choice appropriate methods different important. Meanwhile, there still many potential challenges identified when targeting CRISPR/Cas9 treatment. This paper reviews current developments three aspects, namely, type, vector, characteristics. Additionally, this summarizes successful examples clinical trials finally describes possible problems associated applications.

Language: Английский

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Mechanism and Applications of CRISPR/Cas-9-Mediated Genome Editing

Biologics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: Volume 15, P. 353 - 361

Published: Aug. 1, 2021

Abstract: Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) and their associated protein (Cas-9) is the most effective, efficient, accurate method of genome editing tool in all living cells utilized many applied disciplines. Guide RNA (gRNA) CRISPR-associated proteins are two essential components CRISPR/Cas-9 system. The mechanism contains three steps, recognition, cleavage, repair. designed sgRNA recognizes target sequence gene interest through a complementary base pair. While Cas-9 nuclease makes double-stranded breaks at site 3 pair upstream to protospacer adjacent motif, then break repaired by either non-homologous end joining or homology-directed repair cellular mechanisms. genome-editing has wide number applications areas including medicine, agriculture, biotechnology. In it could help design new grains improve nutritional value. being investigated for cancers, HIV, therapy such as sickle cell disease, cystic fibrosis, Duchenne muscular dystrophy. technology also regulation specific genes advanced modification protein. However, immunogenicity, effective delivery systems, off-target effect, ethical issues have been major barriers extend clinical applications. Although becomes era molecular biology countless roles ranging from basic researches applications, there still challenges rub practical various improvements needed overcome obstacles. Keywords: CRISPR, Cas-9, sgRNA, gene-editing, mechanism,

Language: Английский

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CRISPR/Cas Systems in Genome Editing: Methodologies and Tools for sgRNA Design, Off‐Target Evaluation, and Strategies to Mitigate Off‐Target Effects

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 7(6)

Published: Feb. 6, 2020

Abstract Life sciences have been revolutionized by genome editing (GE) tools, including zinc finger nucleases, transcription activator‐Like effector and CRISPR (clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas (CRISPR‐associated) systems, which make the targeted modification of genomic DNA all organisms possible. CRISPR/Cas systems are being widely used because their accuracy, efficiency, cost‐effectiveness. Various classes developed, but extensive use may be hindered off‐target effects. Efforts made to reduce effects CRISPR/Cas9 generating various with high fidelity accuracy. Several approaches applied detect evaluate Here, current GE generated technology, types effects, mechanisms major concerns, outcomes in plants animals summarized. The methods tools for single‐guide RNA (sgRNA) design, evaluation prediction strategies increase on‐target efficiency mitigate impact on intended genome‐editing

Language: Английский

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Genome editing with the CRISPR‐Cas system: an art, ethics and global regulatory perspective

Plant Biotechnology Journal, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 18(8), P. 1651 - 1669

Published: April 9, 2020

Summary Over the last three decades, development of new genome editing techniques, such as ODM, TALENs, ZFNs and CRISPR‐Cas system, has led to significant progress in field plant animal breeding. The system is most versatile tool discovered history molecular biology because it can be used alter diverse genomes (e.g. from both plants animals) including human with unprecedented ease, accuracy high efficiency. recent scope have raised regulatory challenges around world due moral, ethical, safety technical concerns associated its applications pre‐clinical clinical research, biomedicine agriculture. Here, we review art, potential risks editing. We also highlight patent ethical issues this technology along frameworks established by various nations regulate CRISPR‐Cas‐modified organisms/products.

Language: Английский

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Advances in CRISPR therapeutics

Nature Reviews Nephrology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(1), P. 9 - 22

Published: Oct. 24, 2022

Language: Английский

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Two Years into the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learned

ACS Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(9), P. 1758 - 1814

Published: Aug. 8, 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmissible and virulent human-infecting that emerged in late December 2019 Wuhan, China, causing disease called (COVID-19), which has massively impacted global public health caused widespread disruption to daily life. The crisis by COVID-19 mobilized scientists authorities across the world rapidly improve our knowledge about this devastating disease, shedding light on its management control, spawned development of new countermeasures. Here we provide an overview state art gained last years virus COVID-19, including origin natural reservoir hosts, viral etiology, epidemiology, modes transmission, clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, emerging variants, vaccines, highlighting important differences from previously known pathogenic coronaviruses. We also discuss selected key discoveries each topic underline gaps for future investigations.

Language: Английский

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Leaf transformation for efficient random integration and targeted genome modification in maize and sorghum

Nature Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 9, 2023

Abstract Transformation in grass species has traditionally relied on immature embryos and therefore been limited to a few major Poaceae crops. Other transformation explants, including leaf tissue, have explored but with low success rates, which is one of the factors hindering broad application genome editing for crop improvement. Recently, using morphogenic genes Wuschel2 ( Wus2 ) Babyboom Bbm successfully used Cas9-mediated mutagenesis, complex applications, requiring large numbers regenerated plants be screened, remain elusive. Here we demonstrate that enhanced / expression substantially improves maize sorghum, allowing recovery gene dropouts targeted insertion. Moreover, maize-optimized construct, embryogenic callus plantlets were produced eight spanning four subfamilies, suggesting this may lead universal family-wide method across Poaceae.

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive review of CRISPR-based gene editing: mechanisms, challenges, and applications in cancer therapy

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Jan. 9, 2024

Abstract The CRISPR system is a revolutionary genome editing tool that has the potential to revolutionize field of cancer research and therapy. ability precisely target edit specific genetic mutations drive growth spread tumors opened up new possibilities for development more effective personalized treatments. In this review, we will discuss different CRISPR-based strategies have been proposed therapy, including inactivating genes tumor growth, enhancing immune response cells, repairing cause cancer, delivering cancer-killing molecules directly cells. We also summarize current state preclinical studies clinical trials highlighting most promising results challenges still need be overcome. Safety delivery are important therapy become viable option. limitations overcome, such as off-target effects, safety, site. Finally, provide an overview opportunities in future directions development. change landscape research, review aims overcome realize potential.

Language: Английский

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