Wearable Electrochemical Glucose Sensors in Diabetes Management: A Comprehensive Review

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 123(12), P. 7854 - 7889

Published: May 30, 2023

With the rising diabetic population, demand for glucose sensing devices has also been on an increasing trend. Accordingly, field of biosensors diabetes management witnessed tremendous scientific and technological advancements since introduction first enzymatic biosensor in 1960s. Among these, electrochemical hold considerable potential tracking dynamic profiles real time. The recent evolution wearable opened opportunities to use alternative body fluids a pain-free, noninvasive or minimally invasive manner. This review aims present comprehensive report about status promise sensors on-body monitoring. We start by highlighting importance how can contribute toward its effective then discuss mechanisms, such over time, different versions targeting various biofluids, multiplexed optimal management. Finally, we focus commercial aspects biosensors, starting with existing continuous monitors, followed other emerging technologies, concluding key prospects personalized connection autonomous closed-loop artificial pancreas.

Language: Английский

---

A Fully Integrated Closed‐Loop System Based on Mesoporous Microneedles‐Iontophoresis for Diabetes Treatment

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8(16)

Published: June 3, 2021

A closed-loop system that can mini-invasively track blood glucose and intelligently treat diabetes is in great demand for modern medicine, yet it remains challenging to realize. Microneedles technologies have recently emerged as powerful tools transdermal applications with inherent painlessness biosafety. In this work, the first time authors' knowledge, a fully integrated wearable (IWCS) based on mini-invasive microneedle platform developed situ diabetic sensing treatment. The IWCS consists of three connected modules: 1) mesoporous microneedle-reverse iontophoretic sensor; 2) flexible printed circuit board control; 3) microneedle-iontophoretic insulin delivery component. As key component, microneedles enable painless penetration stratum corneum, implementing subcutaneous substance exchange. coupling iontophoresis significantly enhances extraction enables electrical control. This demonstrated accurately monitor fluctuations, responsively deliver regulate hyperglycemia rat model. design endows highly promising improve therapies patients.

Language: Английский

---

Advanced nanocarrier- and microneedle-based transdermal drug delivery strategies for skin diseases treatment

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(7), P. 3372 - 3406

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Skin diseases are the fourth leading cause of nonfatal and chronic skin diseases, acting as a global burden affecting world economy. severely impact patients' quality life have influenced their physical mental state. Treatment these disorders with conventional methods shows lack therapeutic efficacy, long treatment duration, recurrence condition, systemic side effects due to improper drug delivery. However, pitfalls can be overcome applications advanced nanocarrier- microneedle (MN)-based transdermal delivery strategies that provide efficient site-specific at target site. These more effective than other administration routes by avoiding first-pass metabolism, enhancing concentration in local lesions, reducing toxicity. Compared traditional methods, or MN-based systems painless, noninvasive, minimum-invasive require no expensive equipment. More importantly, they introduce functions, including increased penetration efficiency, controlled release rates, enhanced targeting abilities, theranostic functions. Here, emergence versatile for various drugs is reviewed, focusing on design principles, advantages, considerations treating diverse psoriasis, dermatitis, melanoma, diseases. Moreover, prospects challenges dermatological summarized.

Language: Английский

---

Virus Detection: From State‐of‐the‐Art Laboratories to Smartphone‐Based Point‐of‐Care Testing

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(17)

Published: April 7, 2022

Infectious virus outbreaks pose a significant challenge to public healthcare systems. Early and accurate diagnosis is critical prevent the spread of virus, especially when no specific vaccine or effective medicine available. In clinics, most commonly used viral detection methods are molecular techniques that involve measurement nucleic acids proteins biomarkers. However, clinic-based require complex infrastructure expensive equipment, which not suitable for low-resource settings. Over past years, smartphone-based point-of-care testing (POCT) has rapidly emerged as potential alternative laboratory-based clinical diagnosis. This review summarizes latest development detection. First, POCT-based diagnostic compared, both rely on immunosensing acid Then, various POCT techniques, including optical biosensors, electrochemical other types biosensors discussed. Moreover, this covers diagnostics viruses COVID-19, Ebola, influenza, Zika, HIV, et al. Finally, prospects challenges It believed will aid researchers better understand current achieving ultimate goal containing disease-causing worldwide.

Language: Английский

---

The Emergence of AI-Based Wearable Sensors for Digital Health Technology: A Review

Sensors, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(23), P. 9498 - 9498

Published: Nov. 29, 2023

Disease diagnosis and monitoring using conventional healthcare services is typically expensive has limited accuracy. Wearable health technology based on flexible electronics gained tremendous attention in recent years for patient owing to attractive features, such as lower medical costs, quick access data, ability operate transmit data harsh environments, storage at room temperature, non-invasive implementation, mass scaling, etc. This provides an opportunity disease pre-diagnosis immediate therapy. sensors have opened a new area of personalized by accurately measuring physical states biochemical signals. Despite the progress date development wearable sensors, there are still several limitations accuracy collected, precise diagnosis, early treatment. necessitates advances applied materials structures artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled extract target signals accurate clinical decision-making efficient care. In this paper, we review two significant aspects smart sensors. First, offer overview most improving sensor performance physical, chemical, biosensors, focusing materials, structural configurations, transduction mechanisms. Next, use AI combination with big processing, self-learning, power-efficiency, real-time acquisition intelligent sensing platform. Finally, present challenges future opportunities associated

Language: Английский

---

Continuous monitoring of diabetes with an integrated microneedle biosensing device through 3D printing

Microsystems & Nanoengineering, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Sept. 29, 2021

Abstract Diabetes is a prevalent chronic metabolic disease with multiple clinical manifestations and complications, it among the leading causes of death. Painless continuous monitoring interstitial glucose highly desirable for diabetes management. Here we unprecedentedly show an integrated microneedle biosensing device. The device was manufactured 3D printing process, microfabrication electroplating enzyme immobilization step. inserted into dermis layer mouse skin showed accurate sensing performance subcutaneous levels in normal or diabetic mice. detection results were correlated those obtained from commercial blood meter. We anticipate that study could open exciting avenues managing diabetes, alongside fundamental studies electronic devices.

Language: Английский

---

Wearable hollow microneedle sensing patches for the transdermal electrochemical monitoring of glucose

Talanta, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 249, P. 123695 - 123695

Published: June 16, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Microneedle biomedical devices

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(4), P. 324 - 342

Published: Dec. 21, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Recent Progress in Microneedles‐Mediated Diagnosis, Therapy, and Theranostic Systems

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(10)

Published: Jan. 16, 2022

Abstract Theranostic system combined diagnostic and therapeutic modalities is critical for the real‐time monitoring of disease‐related biomarkers personalized therapy. Microneedles, as a multifunctional platform, are promising transdermal diagnostics drug delivery. They have shown attractive properties including painless skin penetration, easy self‐administration, prominent effects, good biosafety. Herein, an overview microneedles‐based diagnosis, therapies, theranostic systems given. Four detection methods concluded based on sensing mechanism: i) electrochemistry, ii) fluorometric, iii) colorimetric, iv) Raman methods. Additionally, robust microneedles suitable implantable Microneedles‐assisted delivery can be primarily classified passive, active, responsive release, release mechanisms. oral mechanisms also presented in this review. Furthermore, key frontier developments microneedles‐mediated major selling points emphasized These into open‐loop closed‐loop indirectness directness feedback between diagnosis therapy, respectively. Finally, conclusions future perspectives next‐generation discussed. Taken together, microneedle‐based new avenue disease‐specific applications.

Language: Английский

---

Microneedle-based transdermal detection and sensing devices

Lab on a Chip, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(5), P. 869 - 887

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

This review summarizes state-of-the-art microneedle-based detection and sensing systems, highlighting the objective significance, principles, systematic construction, validation models of these microneedles.

Language: Английский

---