Halide Perovskite: A Promising Candidate for Next‐Generation X‐Ray Detectors

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

Abstract In the past decade, metal halide perovskite (HP) has become a superstar semiconductor material due to its great application potential in photovoltaic and photoelectric fields. fact, HP initially attracted worldwide attention because of excellent efficiency. However, derivatives also show promise X‐ray detection their strong absorption, high bulk resistivity, suitable optical bandgap, compatibility with integrated circuits. this review, basic working principles modes both direct‐type indirect‐type detectors are first summarized before discussing applicability for these two types based on pros cons different perovskites. Furthermore, authors expand view preparation methods developed including single crystals polycrystalline materials. Upon systematically analyzing photoelectronic characteristics basis structures dimensions (0D, 2D, 3D), recent progress HPs (mainly polycrystalline) applied flexible reviewed, practicability feasibility discussed. Finally, by reviewing current research HP‐based detection, challenges field identified, main directions prospects future suggested.

Language: Английский

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Chirality Inducing Polar Photovoltage in a 2D Lead-Free Double Perovskite toward Self-Powered X-ray Detection

ACS Energy Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(6), P. 2809 - 2816

Published: May 31, 2023

Lead-free halide double perovskites (HDPs) have sparked broad interest in developing "green" photodetectors; however, self-powered X-ray detectors this family remain elusive. Here, by exploiting the chirality-induced polar photovoltaic effect a chiral-polar 2D HDP, (R-MPA)4AgBiI8 (1, R-MPA = R-β-methylphenethylammonium), we successfully realized detection. The significant spontaneous electric polarization 1 gives it large photovoltage of 0.36 V, which drives separation and transport X-ray-generated carriers, thus acquiring capability Consequently, based on high-quality single crystals exhibit high sensitivity 46.3 μC Gy–1 cm–2 an ultralow detection limit 85 nGy s–1 at zero bias. can be further increased to 949.6 50 V bias, outperforming all current HDP detectors. Our work is first demonstrate single-phase lead-free HDPs, enlightening future design radiation

Language: Английский

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Inch‐Size Single Crystals of Lead‐Free Chiral Perovskites with Bulk Photovoltaic Effect for Stable Self‐Driven X‐Ray Detection

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(36)

Published: May 8, 2023

Abstract Lead halide perovskites have made great advance in direct X‐ray detection, however the presence of toxic lead and requirement high working voltages severely limit their applicability operational stability. Thus, exploring “green” lead‐free hybrid capable detecting X‐rays at zero bias is crucial but remains toughly challenging. Here, utilizing chiral R / S ‐1‐phenylpropylamine ( ‐PPA) cations, a pair 0D chiral‐polar perovskites, 2 BiI 5 1 ) are constructed. Their intrinsic spontaneous electric polarization induces large bulk photovoltage 0.63 V, which acts as driving force to separate transport photogenerated carriers, thus endowing them with capability self‐driven detection. Consequently, detectors low detection 270 nGy s −1 successfully constructed based on high‐quality, inch‐sized single crystals . Notably, they show suppressed baseline drift under mode, exhibiting superior This study realizes single‐phase perovskite by exploiting photovoltaic effect, sheds light future explorations toward radiation performance.

Language: Английский

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Halide Perovskites and Their Derivatives for Efficient, High‐Resolution Direct Radiation Detection: Design Strategies and Applications

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 36(8)

Published: Sept. 20, 2023

The past decade has witnessed a rapid rise in the performance of optoelectronic devices based on lead-halide perovskites (LHPs). large mobility-lifetime products and defect tolerance these materials, essential for optoelectronics, also make them well-suited radiation detectors, especially given heavy elements present, which is strong X-ray γ-ray attenuation. Over decade, LHP thick films, wafers, single crystals have to direct detectors that outperformed incumbent technologies terms sensitivity (reported values up 3.5 × 10

Language: Английский

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Sequential Vacuum Evaporated Copper Metal Halides for Scalable, Flexible, and Dynamic X‐Ray Detection

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(36)

Published: May 8, 2023

Abstract Copper metal halides have emerged as a strong contender in the scintillator field due to self‐trapped excitons (STEs) mechanism. However, their development has been hindered by preparation process. Single crystals long growth cycles and cannot achieve large areas flexibility. Quantum dots low yield can easily cause chemical pollution, thickness of films prepared spin coating be controlled. To address these challenges, new method for preparing Cs 3 Cu 2 Cl 5 using sequential vacuum evaporation is developed. This allows successful large‐area (≈100 cm ) flexible films. The STEs mechanism gives it unique properties such Stokes shift that reduces self‐absorption effects, wide full width at half‐maximum improves coupling with photodiodes. Therefore, applied X‐ray imaging light ≈30 000 photons MeV −1 , spatial resolution over 10 lp mm detection limit below 0.8 µGy air s . In addition, film enables effective dynamic clear on non‐planar objects. It also exhibits good resistance harsh environments, maintaining performance after 150 days. believed provides an important idea scintillators.

Language: Английский

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Hybrid Thermally Activated Nanocluster Fluorophores for X-ray Scintillators

ACS Energy Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(12), P. 5088 - 5097

Published: Nov. 9, 2023

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) X-ray scintillators have attracted increasing attention because of their theoretical ability to utilize 100% radiation-induced excitons. However, scintillation performance is severely hampered by typically low attenuation efficiencies or mechanochromic properties. Here, we demonstrate hybrid organic–inorganic TADF with remarkably high absorption cross sections based on non-mechanochromic Cu2X2 (X = Cl, Br, I) nanoclusters. The nanoclusters display radioluminescence light yields as 175 000 photons MeV–1, attributable self-absorption and spatially separated HOMO LUMO orbitals. Furthermore, properties, these can be formed into scintillating screens excellent radiation humidity stability via soft-pressing. fabricated a imaging efficiency, benefiting from spatial resolutions (∼30 lp mm–1). This work highlights the promise nanocluster-based in meeting demanding requirements cutting-edge imaging.

Language: Английский

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Sensing Utilities of Cesium Lead Halide Perovskites and Composites: A Comprehensive Review

Sensors, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(8), P. 2504 - 2504

Published: April 13, 2024

Recently, the utilization of metal halide perovskites in sensing and their application environmental studies have reached a new height. Among different perovskites, cesium lead (CsPbX3; X = Cl, Br, I) composites attracted great interest applications owing to exceptional optoelectronic properties. Most CsPbX3 nanostructures possess structural stability, luminescence, electrical properties for developing distinct optical photonic devices. When exposed light, heat, water, can display stable utilities. Many been reported as probes detection diverse analytes, such ions, anions, important chemical species, humidity, temperature, radiation photodetection, so forth. So far, covering all metallic organic–inorganic already reviewed many studies. Nevertheless, detailed review utilities could be helpful researchers who are looking innovative designs using these nanomaterials. Herein, we deliver thorough composites, quantitation chemicals, explosives, bioanalytes, pesticides, fungicides, cellular imaging, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), toxic gases, radiation, photodetection. Furthermore, this also covers synthetic pathways, design requirements, advantages, limitations, future directions material.

Language: Английский

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Ionizing Radiation Responsive Anomalous Photovoltage Drives Sensitive Self‐Powered X‐Ray Detection

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(16)

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Abstract The anomalous photovoltaic (APV) effect in organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) has attracted massive interest for developing high‐performance optoelectronic devices. However, exploring the ionizing radiation responsive APV remains blank, let alone its potential applications. Herein, unprecedented behavior a 1D lead‐free OIHP, (4‐AMP)BiI 5 ( ABI , 4‐AMP = 4‐(aminomethyl)pyridine) under X‐ray irradiation is reported, exhibiting large above‐bandgap bulk photovoltage of ≈10 V. Such strong closely related to intrinsic electric polarization polar which acts as driving force X‐ray‐generated carriers’ separation and transport, thus allowing it be self‐powered. As result, sensitive self‐powered detectors based on high‐quality single crystals are successfully fabricated, possessing high sensitivity 66.84 µC Gy −1 cm −2 low detection limit 482 nGy s superior operational stability. This work first demonstrates radiation‐responsive OIHPs, further enables passive detection.

Language: Английский

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Lead-Free Halide Double Perovskite for High-Performance Photodetectors: Progress and Perspective

Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(12), P. 4490 - 4490

Published: June 20, 2023

Lead halide perovskite has become a promising candidate for high-performance photodetectors (PDs) due to its attractive optical and electrical properties, such as high absorption coefficient, carrier mobility, long diffusion length. However, the presence of highly toxic lead in these devices limited their practical applications even hindered progress toward commercialization. Therefore, scientific community been committed searching low-toxic stable perovskite-type alternative materials. Lead-free double perovskite, which is still preliminary stage exploration, achieved inspiring results recent years. In this review, we mainly focus on two types lead-free based different Pb substitution strategies, including A2M(I)M(III)X6 A2M(IV)X6. We review research prospects past three More importantly, from perspective optimizing inherent defects materials improving device performance, propose some feasible pathways make an encouraging future development photodetectors.

Language: Английский

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Promoting Band Splitting through Symmetry Breaking in Inorganic Halide Perovskite Single Crystals for High-Sensitivity X-ray Detection

ACS Energy Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(11), P. 4836 - 4847

Published: Oct. 24, 2023

We propose a band-splitting strategy driven by breaking the crystal structure symmetry partially replacing Br– ions with larger I– in CsPbBr3 single (SC). Experimental results show that photoelectric properties of band-split SCs are significantly improved due to asymmetric and distinct band splitting, which inhibits ion migration promotes transport carriers, respectively. It is found exhibit higher resistivity, mobility-lifetime product, lower than pristine SCs. Therefore, detectors fabricated on achieved record X-ray detection sensitivity 2.8 × 105 μC Gy–1 cm–2 for inorganic perovskite, low limit 18 nGy s–1, high resolution 12.7 lp mm–1 imaging. In addition, stability SC has also been improved, still (1.2 104 cm–2) at temperatures up 100 °C.

Language: Английский

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