Advanced Intelligent Systems,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
6(2)
Published: May 24, 2023
Bacterial
biofilms
are
widely
found
in
nature,
and
they
can
be
a
major
factor
many
local
chronic
infections
inside
the
human
body.
To
date,
effective
elimination
of
is
intractable
for
conventional
antibiotic
therapies
due
to
existence
bacteria‐protecting
extracellular
polymeric
substances.
For
biofilm
eradication
tiny
tubular
structures,
magnetic
hydrogel
micromachines
(MHM)
designed
that
capable
performing
mechanical
disruption
while
releasing
antibacterial
agents
controllable
fashion.
Two
modes
motion
controlled
by
external
fields,
namely
planar
rotation
wobbling
modes,
have
been
investigated
drive
interact
destruct
biofilms.
In
addition,
presented
composed
thermosensitive
PNIPAm
load
with
agent
(H
2
O
)
release
them
upon
heating.
The
Fe
3
4
nanoparticles
embedded
matrix
act
as
catalysts
Fenton
reaction,
generating
bacteria‐killing
free
radicals.
synergetic
effect
has
experimentally
demonstrated
well
plates
small
tubes.
MHMs
may
provide
new
design
treat
biofilm‐related
narrow
confined
spaces.
Advanced Intelligent Systems,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
5(6)
Published: March 1, 2023
The
magnetic
field
has
unique
advantages
in
manipulating
miniature
robots
working
inside
the
human
body,
such
as
high
transparency
to
biological
tissue
and
good
controllability
for
generation.
Generally,
actuated
robot
can
be
classified
into
two
categories:
tethered
devices
like
intravascular
microcatheters
untethered
helical
swimmers.
Among
these,
have
a
long
history
clinical
application
prospects,
considering
their
high‐dose
delivery
easy
removal
after
procedure.
As
an
evolution
of
traditional
continuum
medical
devices,
integration
with
actuation
provides
them
better
scalability
improved
dexterity.
Although
rapidly
developed
last
decades,
requires
further
advancements
terms
design,
fabrication,
modeling,
control,
especially
applications.
Herein,
recent
progress
magnetically
is
focused
on,
intending
offer
readers
comprehensive
survey
state‐of‐the‐art
technologies
information
collection
future
system
design.
ACS Nano,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
17(16), P. 15254 - 15276
Published: Aug. 3, 2023
Stimuli-responsive
functional
micro-/nanorobots
(srFM/Ns)
are
a
class
of
intelligent,
efficient,
and
promising
microrobots
that
can
react
to
external
stimuli
(such
as
temperature,
light,
ultrasound,
pH,
ion,
magnetic
field)
perform
designated
tasks.
Through
adaptive
transformation
into
the
corresponding
forms,
they
perfectly
match
demands
depending
on
different
applications,
which
manifest
extremely
important
roles
in
targeted
therapy,
biological
detection,
tissue
engineering,
other
fields.
Promising
srFM/Ns
be,
few
reviews
have
focused
them.
It
is
therefore
necessary
provide
an
overview
current
development
these
intelligent
clear
inspiration
for
further
this
field.
Hence,
review
summarizes
advances
stimuli-responsive
regarding
their
response
mechanism,
achieved
functions,
applications
highlight
pros
cons
stimuli.
Finally,
we
emphasize
existing
challenges
propose
possible
strategies
help
accelerate
study
field
promote
toward
actual
applications.
Lab on a Chip,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
24(5), P. 1419 - 1440
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Although
developed
independently
at
the
beginning,
AI,
micro/nanorobots
and
microfluidics
have
become
more
intertwined
in
past
few
years
which
has
greatly
propelled
cutting-edge
development
fields
of
biomedical
sciences.
Lab on a Chip,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
This
review
highlights
recent
technological
advances
for
progress
in
particle
manipulation
under
X-force
fields,
and
forecasts
the
trajectory
of
future
developments.
Magnetic
microrobots
hold
great
promise
for
applications
in
drug
delivery
and
environmental
remediation,
but
achieving
collective
reconfiguration
effective
propulsion
dense,
motile
magnetic
remains
a
significant
challenge.
In
this
research,
we
have
fabricated
Chlorella-based
biohybrid
bulk
using
facile
biotemplating
process
studied
their
superior
performance.
Our
results
show
that
the
dispersed
superparamagnetic
individuals
can
self-organize
into
swarm
of
chain-like
multimers,
via
rolling
or
tumbling
modes.
The
near-bound
locomotion
demonstrates
pseudochiral
periodic
reciprocation
properties,
detailed
morphological
analysis
has
been
conducted.
Furthermore,
form
vortices
realize
spinning
mode.
These
findings
indicate
spheroidal
exhibit
high
maneuverability
programmable
self-assembly,
reconfiguration,
based
on
dynamic
interactions.
summary,
research
provides
feasible
method
constructing
reconfigurable
explores
an
applicable
paradigm
flexible
control
cooperation.
advances
implications
practical
various
fields.
Advanced Materials Technologies,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(10)
Published: March 2, 2023
Powered
by
acoustics,
existing
therapeutic
and
diagnostic
procedures
will
become
less
invasive
new
methods
available
that
have
never
been
before.
Acoustically
driven
microrobot
navigation
based
on
microbubbles
is
a
promising
approach
for
targeted
drug
delivery.
Previous
studies
used
acoustic
techniques
to
manipulate
in
vitro
vivo
the
delivery
of
drugs
using
minimally
procedures.
Even
though
many
advanced
capabilities
sophisticated
control
achieved
acoustically
powered
microrobots,
there
remain
challenges
be
solved.
In
order
develop
next
generation
intelligent
micro/nanorobots,
it
highly
desirable
conduct
accurate
identification
micro-nanorobots
their
dynamic
motion
autonomously.
Here
we
use
reinforcement
learning
strategies
learn
dynamics
them
through
forces.
The
result
demonstrated
first
time
autonomous
microfluidic
environment.
Taking
advantage
benefit
second
radiation
force,
swarm
form
large
swarm,
which
then
along
desired
trajectory.
More
than
100
thousand
images
were
training
study
unexpected
microbubbles.
As
this
work,
microrobots
are
validated
controlled,
illustrating
good
level
robustness
providing
computational
intelligence
enables
navigate
independently
an
unstructured
environment
without
requiring
outside
assistance.
ACS Nano,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
17(5), P. 4729 - 4739
Published: Feb. 23, 2023
The
ability
to
steer
micromotors
in
specific
directions
and
at
precise
speeds
is
highly
desired
for
their
use
complex
environments.
However,
a
generic
steering
strategy
that
can
be
applied
of
all
types
surface
coatings
yet
developed.
Here,
we
report
ultrasound
∼100
kHz
spin
spherical
micromotor
so
it
turns
left
or
right
when
moving
forward,
moves
full
circles.
direction
angular
spinning
the
radii
circular
trajectories
are
precisely
tunable
by
varying
voltages
frequencies,
as
well
particle
properties
such
its
radius,
materials,
coating
thickness.
Such
hypothesized
originate
from
microstreaming
flows
localized
around
solid
microsphere
vibrating
ultrasound.
In
addition
causing
spin,
streaming
also
helped
release
cargos
during
capture-transport-release
mission.
Localized
does
not
depend
on
interference
with
propulsion
mechanism
wide
variety
micromotors.
This
work
suggests
used
microrobots
complex,
biologically
relevant
environments
microorganisms
cells.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
36(23)
Published: Feb. 21, 2024
Medical
microrobotics
is
an
emerging
field
to
revolutionize
clinical
applications
in
diagnostics
and
therapeutics
of
various
diseases.
On
the
other
hand,
mobile
has
important
obstacles
pass
before
translation.
This
article
focuses
on
these
challenges
provides
a
roadmap
medical
microrobots
enable
their
use.
From
concept
"magic
bullet"
physicochemical
interactions
complex
biological
environments
applications,
there
are
several
translational
steps
consider.
Clinical
translation
only
possible
with
close
collaboration
between
experts
researchers
address
technical
microfabrication,
safety,
imaging.
The
application
potential
can
be
materialized
by
designing
that
solve
current
main
challenges,
such
as
actuation
limitations,
material
stability,
imaging
constraints.
strengths
weaknesses
progress
discussed
for
near
future
outlined.
The European Physical Journal E,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
48(2)
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
In
the
past
years,
amount
of
research
on
active
matter
has
grown
extremely
rapidly,
a
fact
that
is
reflected
in
particular
by
existence
more
than
1000
reviews
this
topic.
Moreover,
field
become
very
diverse,
ranging
from
theoretical
studies
statistical
mechanics
particles
to
applied
work
medical
applications
microrobots
and
biological
systems
artificial
swimmers.
This
makes
it
difficult
get
an
overview
over
as
whole.
Here,
we
provide
such
form
metareview
article
surveys
existing
review
articles
books
matter.
Thereby,
provides
useful
starting
point
for
finding
literature
about
specific
