Modulation of Gut Microbiota Through Dietary Intervention in Neuroinflammation and Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases

Current Nutrition Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 82 - 96

Published: April 23, 2024

Abstract Purpose of Review The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis neuroinflammation and Alzheimer’s Parkinson’s diseases. One main modulators is diet, which directly influences host homeostasis biological processes. Some dietary patterns can affect neurodegenerative diseases’ progression through composition, permeability, synthesis secretion microbial-derived neurotrophic factors neurotransmitters. This comprehensive review critically assesses existing studies investigating impact interventions on modulation relation to diseases neuroinflammation. Recent Findings There are limited effects specific diets, such as ketogenic Mediterranean vegetarian Western gut-brain axis. diet displays promising potential ameliorating clinical trajectory mild cognitive impairment disease. However, conflicting outcomes were observed among various studies, highlighting need consider diverse types diets their respective composition. Vegetarian known for anti-inflammatory properties, be effective against disease, related inflammation environment. On other hand, westernization was associated with reduced microbial diversity metabolites, ultimately contributed development impairment. Summary Various examining axis regard thoroughly reviewed this article. A strong mechanistic explanation required fully understand complex interactions between patterns, microbiota, metabolites these have function

Language: Английский

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Multi Omics Applications in Biological Systems

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 46(6), P. 5777 - 5793

Published: June 11, 2024

Traditional methodologies often fall short in addressing the complexity of biological systems. In this regard, system biology omics have brought invaluable tools for conducting comprehensive analysis. Current sequencing capabilities revolutionized genetics and genomics studies, as well characterization transcriptional profiling dynamics several species sample types. Biological systems experience complex biochemical processes involving thousands molecules. These occur at different levels that can be studied using mass spectrometry-based (MS-based) analysis, enabling high-throughput proteomics, glycoproteomics, glycomics, metabolomics, lipidomics Here, we present most up-to-date techniques utilized completion Additionally, include some interesting examples applicability multi to a variety

Language: Английский

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The interaction between Mediterranean diet and intestinal microbiome: relevance for preventive strategies against frailty in older individuals

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(1)

Published: March 6, 2024

Age-related changes in intestinal microbiome composition and function are increasingly recognized as pivotal the pathophysiology of aging associated with phenotype. Diet is a major determinant gut-microbiota throughout entire lifespan, several benefits healthy diet could be mediated by microbiome. Mediterranean (MD) traditional dietary pattern regarded paradigm, large number studies have demonstrated its promoting aging. MD has also positive modulatory effect on microbiome, favoring bacterial taxa involved synthesis bioactive compounds, such short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), that counteract inflammation, anabolic resistance, tissue degeneration. Intervention conducted older populations suggested individual response subjects to MD, terms reduction frailty scores amelioration cognitive function, significantly functionality. In this context, should considered when designing MD-based interventions tailored needs geriatric patients.

Language: Английский

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Assessment of Intestinal Permeability and Inflammation Bio-Markers in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(10), P. 2386 - 2386

Published: May 19, 2023

Increased intestinal permeability and inflammation, both fueled by dysbiosis, appear to contribute rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis. This single-center pilot study aimed investigate zonulin, a marker of permeability, calprotectin, measured in serum fecal samples RA patients using commercially available kits. We also analyzed plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, inflammation. Furthermore, univariate, multivariate regression analyses were carried out determine whether or not there associations zonulin calprotectin with LPS, BMI, gender, age, RA-specific parameters, fiber intake, short-chain fatty acids the gut. Serum levels more likely be abnormal longer disease duration inversely associated age. A strong association between LPS found males, but females, independent other biomarkers, suggesting that may specific biomarker than is inflammation RA. Since this was proof-of-principle without healthy control group, further research needed validate as valid biomarkers comparison promising biomarkers.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota changes in patients with Alzheimer’s disease spectrum based on 16S rRNA sequencing: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Aug. 8, 2024

The gut microbiota (GM) is hypothesized to play roles in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. In recent years, many GM composition and abundance investigations AD patients have been conducted; however, despite this work, some results remain controversial. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review meta-analysis using 16S ribosomal RNA (

Language: Английский

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Serum and CSF metabolomics analysis shows Mediterranean Ketogenic Diet mitigates risk factors of Alzheimer’s disease

npj Metabolic Health and Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: July 1, 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is influenced by a variety of modifiable risk factors, including person's dietary habits. While the ketogenic diet (KD) holds promise in reducing metabolic risks and potentially affecting AD progression, only few studies have explored KD's impact, especially on blood cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Our study involved participants at for AD, either cognitively normal or with mild cognitive impairment. The consumed both modified Mediterranean Ketogenic Diet (MMKD) American Heart Association (AHAD) 6 weeks each, separated 6-week washout period. We employed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics to profile serum CSF metagenomics profiling fecal samples. AHAD induced no notable changes, MMKD led significant alterations CSF. These changes included improved like increased HDL-C reduced BMI, reversed disturbances linked such as microbiome-mediated increase valine levels, reduction systemic inflammation. Additionally, was amino acid levels CSF, breakdown branched-chain acids (BCAAs), decreased levels. Importantly, we observed strong correlation between serum, suggesting regulation metabolism. findings highlight that can improve AD-related reverse some associated align across blood-CSF barrier.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbial metabolism in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias

Neurotherapeutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(6), P. e00470 - e00470

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Multiple studies over the last decade have established that Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) are associated with changes in gut microbiome. These alterations organismal composition result abundances of functions encoded by microbial community, including metabolic capabilities, which likely impact host mechanisms. Gut microbes access dietary components other molecules made produce metabolites can enter circulation cross blood-brain barrier (BBB). In recent years, several been or shown to influence pathways relevant ADRD pathology. include short chain fatty acids, secondary bile tryptophan derivatives (such as kynurenine, serotonin, tryptamine, indoles), trimethylamine/trimethylamine N-oxide. Notably, some these BBB various effects on brain, modulating release neurotransmitters neuronal function, inducing oxidative stress inflammation, impacting synaptic function. Microbial also central nervous system through immune, enteroendocrine, enteric pathways, perturbations turn function peripheral immune responses, well integrity, homeostasis neurogenesis, glial cell maturation activation. This review examines evidence supporting notion is influenced microbiota its metabolites. The potential therapeutic advantages for preventing treating discussed, highlighting their role developing new treatments.

Language: Английский

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A High‐Tryptophan Diet Alleviated Cognitive Impairment and Neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 Mice through Activating Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor via the Regulation of Gut Microbiota

Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 68(2)

Published: Nov. 29, 2023

Scope Recent studies have highlighted the vital role of gut microbiota in pathogenesis Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, effect regulation by dietary components on AD remains unknown. Thus, study explored that a high‐tryptophan (Trp) diet alleviates cognitive impairment regulating microbiota. Methods and results Male APP/PS1 mice are fed 0.5% Trp for 4 weeks, then function, amyloid‐β (Aβ) deposition, microglial activation, proinflammatory cytokines production, detected. Moreover, level aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) NF‐κB pathway related protein determined. The show high‐Trp significantly Aβ deposits. inhibits activation microglia, decreases cluster differentiation 11b (CD11b), restrains markers such as cyclooxygenase‐2 (Cox‐2), interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6. Notably, activates AhR, phosphorylation p65, improves dysbiosis. Conclusions These findings demonstrated exerts anti‐inflammatory effects via upregulating AhR suppressing pathway, its mechanisms may be mediated microbiota, suggesting potential strategy intervention.

Language: Английский

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Interface chemistry affected the digestion fate of ketogenic diet based on medium- and long-chain triglycerides

Food Research International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 180, P. 114059 - 114059

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Language: Английский

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Sugar utilization by microglia in Alzheimer's disease

Journal of Neuroimmunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 401, P. 578552 - 578552

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

Language: Английский

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