Progress in cancer mortality, incidence, and survival: a global overview

European Journal of Cancer Prevention, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 29(5), P. 367 - 381

Published: May 22, 2020

Cancer mortality has declined over the last three decades in most high-income countries reflecting improvements cancer prevention, diagnosis, and management. However, there are persisting substantial differences mortality, incidence, survival worldwide. In order to provide an up-to-date overview of trends survival, we retrieved data from high-quality, population-based registries for all cancers 10 selected sites six European Union. We computed age-standardized (world standard population) incidence rates, applied joinpoint regression models. Mortality common 25 years, except pancreas lung (in women). The patterns less consistent between countries, a steady decrease stomach both sexes men. Survival increased even if is still variability. Although overall death rates continue decline, have been levelling off among men moderately increasing women. These reflect changes risk factors, screening test use, diagnostic practices, treatment advances. Many can be prevented or treated effectively they diagnosed early. Population-based used focus efforts burden regularly monitor progress towards control goals.

Language: Английский

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Pharmacological Effects of Cisplatin Combination with Natural Products in Cancer Chemotherapy

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(3), P. 1532 - 1532

Published: Jan. 28, 2022

Cisplatin and other platinum-based drugs, such as carboplatin, ormaplatin, oxaliplatin, have been widely used to treat a multitude of human cancers. However, considerable proportion patients often relapse due drug resistance and/or toxicity multiple organs including the liver, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular, hematologic, nervous systems. In this study, we sought provide comprehensive review current state science highlighting use cisplatin in cancer therapy, with special emphasis on its molecular mechanisms action, treatment modalities combination therapy natural products. Hence, searched literature using various scientific databases., MEDLINE, PubMed, Google Scholar, relevant sources, collect publications cisplatin, products, uses treatment, modes therapeutic strategies. Our search results revealed that new strategic approaches for evaluated some degree success. Scientific evidence from both vitro vivo studies demonstrates many medicinal plants contain bioactive compounds are promising candidates diseases, therefore represent an excellent source discovery. preclinical studies, it has demonstrated products not only enhance activity but also attenuate chemotherapy-induced toxicity. Many experimental reported exert their action by triggering apoptosis through modulation mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p53 signal transduction pathways enhancement chemosensitivity. Furthermore, protect against cisplatin-induced organ modulating several gene transcription factors inducing cell death necrosis. addition, formulations polymeric, lipid, inorganic, carbon-based nano-drug delivery systems found delay release, prolong half-life, reduce systemic while formulations, nanocapsules, nanogels, hydrogels, penetration, target cells, inhibit tumor progression.

Language: Английский

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FDA Approval Summary: Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab for the Treatment of Patients with Advanced Unresectable or Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Clinical Cancer Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 27(7), P. 1836 - 1841

Published: Nov. 2, 2020

On May 29, 2020, the FDA approved atezolizumab for use in combination with bevacizumab, treatment of adult patients unresectable locally advanced or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) no prior systemic treatment. The approval was based on data from Study IMbrave150, which randomly allocated (2:1) to receive either plus bevacizumab (atezolizumab-bevacizumab) sorafenib. Overall survival (OS) and independently assessed progression-free (PFS) intent-to-treat population were primary endpoints. At time analysis, estimated median OS could not be atezolizumab-bevacizumab arm 13.2 months sorafenib [HR, 0.58; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.42-0.79]. PFS 6.8 (95% CI, 5.8-8.3) 4.3 4.0-5.6) arms, respectively. Adverse reactions occurring >20% receiving hypertension, fatigue/asthenia, proteinuria. palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia, diarrhea, decreased appetite. Hemorrhage reported more frequently (25%) than (17%). An evaluation presence varices is recommended within 6 initiation HCC. Approval likely change paradigm HCC, given that resulted improved compared sorafenib, an accepted standard care first-line HCC.See related commentary by Castet et al., p. 1827.

Language: Английский

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Applications of plant-based nanoparticles in nanomedicine: A review

Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25, P. 100606 - 100606

Published: Jan. 19, 2022

Language: Английский

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Updated Trends in Cancer in Japan: Incidence in 1985–2015 and Mortality in 1958–2018—A Sign of Decrease in Cancer Incidence

Journal of Epidemiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 31(7), P. 426 - 450

Published: Feb. 5, 2021

Background: Unlike many North American and European countries, Japan has observed a continuous increase in cancer incidence over the last few decades. We examined most recent trends population-based mortality Japan.

Language: Английский

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Validation of a Novel Multitarget Blood Test Shows High Sensitivity to Detect Early Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. 173 - 182.e7

Published: Aug. 13, 2021

Language: Английский

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Vitamin, Mineral, and Multivitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer

JAMA, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 327(23), P. 2326 - 2326

Published: June 21, 2022

Importance

According to National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, 52% of surveyed US adults reported using at least 1 dietary supplement in the prior 30 days 31% a multivitamin-mineral supplement. The most commonly cited reason for supplements is overall health wellness fill nutrient gaps diet. Cardiovascular disease cancer are 2 leading causes death combined account approximately half all deaths annually. Inflammation oxidative stress have been shown role both cardiovascular cancer, may anti-inflammatory antioxidative effects.

Objective

To update its 2014 recommendation, Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned review evidence on efficacy supplementation with single nutrients, functionally related pairs, or multivitamins reducing risk disease, mortality general adult population, as well harms supplementation.

Population

Community-dwelling, nonpregnant adults.

Evidence Assessment

USPSTF concludes moderate certainty that beta carotene outweigh benefits prevention cancer. also there no net benefit vitamin E insufficient determine balance Evidence lacking cannot be determined. paired nutrients (other than E)

Recommendation

recommends against use (D recommendation) current assess multivitamin (I statement) single- paired-nutrient

Language: Английский

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Phytochemicals as a Complement to Cancer Chemotherapy: Pharmacological Modulation of the Autophagy-Apoptosis Pathway

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: May 7, 2021

Bioactive plant derived compounds are important for a wide range of therapeutic applications, and some display promising anticancer properties. Further evidence suggests that phytochemicals modulate autophagy apoptosis, the two crucial cellular pathways involved in underlying pathobiology cancer development regulation. Pharmacological targeting apoptosis signaling using therefore offers strategy is complementary to conventional chemotherapy. In this review, we sought highlight molecular basis autophagic-apoptotic pathway understand its implication cancer, explore fundamental process as druggable target. We also aimed present recent advances address limitations faced phytochemical-based drugs.

Language: Английский

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NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Lung Cancer Screening, Version 1.2022

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(7), P. 754 - 764

Published: July 1, 2022

The NCCN Guidelines for Lung Cancer Screening recommend criteria selecting individuals screening and provide recommendations evaluation follow-up of lung nodules found during initial subsequent screening. These Insights focus on recent updates to the Screening.

Language: Английский

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The Gut Microbial Bile Acid Modulation and Its Relevance to Digestive Health and Diseases

Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 164(7), P. 1069 - 1085

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

The human gut microbiome has been linked to numerous digestive disorders, but its metabolic products have much less well characterized, in part due the expense of untargeted metabolomics and lack ability process data. In this review, we focused on rapidly expanding information about bile acid repertoire produced by microbiome, including impacts acids a wide range host physiological processes diseases, discussed role short-chain fatty other important microbiome-derived metabolites. Of particular note is action metabolites throughout body, which impact ranging from obesity aging disorders traditionally thought as diseases nervous system, that are now recognized being strongly influenced it produces. We also highlighted emerging for modifying improve health or treat disease, "engineered native bacteria'' approach takes bacterial strains patient, modifies them alter metabolism, reintroduces them. Taken together, study derived provided insights into pathophysiological processes, substantial potential new approaches diagnostics therapeutics disease of, involving, gastrointestinal tract.

Language: Английский

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