Light Pollution and Oxidative Stress: Effects on Retina and Human Health DOI Creative Commons
Rocío Salceda

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 362 - 362

Published: March 18, 2024

Visible light refers to the frequencies within electromagnetic spectrum that humans can see, encompassing radiation with wavelengths falling between 380 nm 760 nm. The energy of a single photon increases its frequency. In retina, photoreceptor cells contain light-sensitive pigments absorb and convert it into electrical stimuli through process known as phototransduction. However, since absorption photoreceptors closely aligns blue (ranging from 400 500 nm), exposure high intensities or continuous illumination result in oxidative stress these cells, leading loss their functionality. Apart retina also houses photosensitive ganglion intrinsically retinal (ipRGCs). These relay information suprachiasmatic nucleus brain, playing crucial role modulating melatonin secretion, which turn helps synchronizing body’s circadian rhythms responses seasonal changes. Both, ipRGCs skin possess peak sensitivity wavelengths, rendering them particularly susceptible effects excessive exposure. This study delves consequences and/or prolonged on function explores implications for human health.

Language: Английский

LEDs for photons, physiology and food DOI
P. Morgan Pattison, J. Y. Tsao, George C. Brainard

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 563(7732), P. 493 - 500

Published: Nov. 1, 2018

Language: Английский

Citations

338
Melanopsin and the Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells: Biophysics to Behavior DOI Creative Commons
Michael Tri H.

Neuron, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 104(2), P. 205 - 226

Published: Oct. 1, 2019

Language: Английский

Citations

239
A Visual Circuit Related to Habenula Underlies the Antidepressive Effects of Light Therapy DOI Creative Commons
Lu Huang, Yue Xi,

Yanfang Peng

et al.

Neuron, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 102(1), P. 128 - 142.e8

Published: Feb. 19, 2019

Language: Английский

Citations

237
Cell types and cell circuits in human and non-human primate retina DOI Creative Commons
Ulrike Grünert, Paul R. Martin

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 78, P. 100844 - 100844

Published: Feb. 5, 2020

This review summarizes our current knowledge of primate including human retina focusing on bipolar, amacrine and ganglion cells their connectivity. We have two main motivations in writing. Firstly, recent progress non-invasive imaging methods to study retinal diseases mean that better understanding the is becoming an important goal both for basic clinical sciences. Secondly, genetically modified mice are increasingly used as animal models diseases. Thus, it understand which extent retinas primates rodents comparable. first compare cell populations rodent retinas, with emphasis how fovea (despite its small size) dominates neural landscape retina. next summarise what known, not about postreceptoral neurone The inventories bipolar now nearing completion, comprising ~12 types at least 17 cell. Primate show clear differences dendritic field size across retina, morphology differs clearly from mouse cells. Compared cells, even higher morphological diversity: they could comprise over 40 types. Many appear conserved between mice, but functions only a few understood any or non-primate Amacrine final frontier research monkeys alike.

Language: Английский

Citations

145
A Review of Human Physiological Responses to Light: Implications for the Development of Integrative Lighting Solutions DOI Creative Commons
Céline Vetter, P. Morgan Pattison, Kevin W. Houser

et al.

LEUKOS The Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(3), P. 387 - 414

Published: March 26, 2021

Architectural lighting has potent biological effects but applied practices that capitalize on this potential have been limited. In review, we endeavor to consolidate and synthesize key references will be useful for professionals, with the goal of supporting knowledge translation into pragmatic strategies. Specifically, explain relevant terminology, outline basic concepts, identify references, provide a balanced overview current state knowledge, highlight important remaining questions. We summarize physiological light human health well-being, including description processes underlying photic regulation circadian, neuroendocrine, neurobehavioral functions. review seminal work elucidating elements mediating potency these responses, specific attention factors critical interpreting those findings. parallel, endorse melanopic Equivalent Daylight Illuminance (Ev,melD65) as preferred measure quantify light. Ultimately, while future studies are necessary further facilitate laboratory domestic workplace settings, immediate better support is clear. Aiming integrative solutions biologically high during day low night perhaps most improvement made in order applications humans.

Language: Английский

Citations

140
Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells of the Human Retina DOI Creative Commons
Ludovic S. Mure

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 25, 2021

Light profoundly affects our mental and physical health. In particular, light, when not delivered at the appropriate time, may have detrimental effects. mammals, light is perceived only by rods cones but also a subset of retinal ganglion cells that express photopigment melanopsin renders them intrinsically photosensitive (ipRGCs). ipRGCs participate in contrast detection play critical roles non-image-forming vision, set responses include circadian entrainment, pupillary reflex (PLR), modulation sleep/alertness, mood. are found human retina, their response to has been characterized indirectly through suppression nocturnal melatonin PLR. However, until recently, had rarely investigated directly. This gap progressively being filled as, over last years, an increasing number studies provided descriptions morphology, gene expression. Here, I review progress knowledge ipRGCs, different morphological functional subtypes described so far how they match murine subtypes. highlight questions remain be addressed. Investigating as these few major role well-being. Additionally, display increased vulnerability or resilience certain disorders compared conventional RGCs, deeper function could help identify therapeutic approaches develop diagnostic tools. Overall, better understanding eye will deliver precise usage recommendations implement light-based interventions improve cognitive performance, mood, life quality.

Language: Английский

Citations

107
Reducing nighttime light exposure in the urban environment to benefit human health and society DOI
Karolina M. Zielińska-Dąbkowska, Eva Schernhammer, John P. Hanifin

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 380(6650), P. 1130 - 1135

Published: June 15, 2023

Nocturnal light pollution can have profound effects on humans and other organisms. Recent research indicates that nighttime outdoor lighting is increasing rapidly. Evidence from controlled laboratory studies demonstrates nocturnal exposure strain the visual system, disrupt circadian physiology, suppress melatonin secretion, impair sleep. There a growing body of work pointing to adverse human health, including risk chronic diseases, but this knowledge in more nascent stage. In Review, we synthesize recent context-specific factors physiology relevant relation health society, identify critical areas for future research, highlight policy steps recommendations mitigating urban environment.

Language: Английский

Citations

58
Diversity of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells: circuits and functions DOI
Marcos L. Aranda, Tiffany M. Schmidt

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 78(3), P. 889 - 907

Published: Sept. 23, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

133
Ocular and systemic melatonin and the influence of light exposure DOI
Lisa A. Ostrin

Clinical and Experimental Optometry, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 102(2), P. 99 - 108

Published: Aug. 7, 2018

Melatonin is a neurohormone known to modulate wide range of circadian functions, including sleep. The synthesis and release melatonin from the pineal gland heavily influenced by light stimulation retina, particularly through intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. also synthesised within eye, although much lesser extent than in gland. acts directly on ocular structures mediate variety diurnal rhythms physiological processes eye. interactions between melatonin, visual function have been subject considerable body recent research. This review intended provide broad introduction for eye‐care practitioners researchers topic first half describes anatomy physiology production: how inputs affect production melatonin; involved photoreceptor disc shedding, neuronal sensitivity, intraocular pressure control; roles ciliary body, lens cornea. second clinical implications light/melatonin interactions. These include exposure contributions suppression, leading consideration blue blockers, cataract, therapy might sleep mood patients. Additionally, refractive error development are discussed. A better understanding environmental factors that subsequent effects will allow clinicians develop treatments recommend modifiable behaviours improve sleep, increase daytime alertness, regulate systemic related melatonin.

Language: Английский

Citations

126
Circadian Photoentrainment in Mice and Humans DOI Creative Commons
F. Foster, Steven Hughes, Stuart N. Peirson

et al.

Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(7), P. 180 - 180

Published: July 21, 2020

Light around twilight provides the primary entrainment signal for circadian rhythms. Here we review mechanisms and responses of mouse human systems to light. Both utilize a network photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (pRGCs) expressing photopigment melanopsin (OPN4). In both species action spectra functional expression OPN4 in vitro show that has λmax close 480 nm. Anatomical findings demonstrate there are multiple pRGC sub-types, with some evidence mice, but little humans, regarding their roles regulating physiology behavior. Studies non-human primates rods cones project can modulate light pRGCs. Such an integration signals enables detect dim light, higher intensities intermittent exposure, whilst measures bright over extended periods time. Although photoreceptor similar, sensitivity thresholds differ markedly between mice humans. Mice entrain at approximately 1 lux few minutes, humans require high irradiance (>100's lux) long duration (>30 min). The basis this difference remains unclear. As our exposure is highly dynamic, because interactions complex difficult model, attempts develop evidence-based lighting enhance very challenging. A way forward will be define artificial natural "real world" where intensity, duration, spectral quality, time day, history age each assessed.

Language: Английский

Citations

121