Tracking complex mixtures of chemicals in our changing environment

Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 367(6476), P. 388 - 392

Published: Jan. 24, 2020

Chemicals have improved our quality of life, but the resulting environmental pollution has potential to cause detrimental effects on humans and environment. People biota are chronically exposed thousands chemicals from various sources through multiple pathways. Environmental chemists toxicologists moved beyond detecting quantifying single characterizing complex mixtures in indoor outdoor environments biological matrices. We highlight analytical bioanalytical approaches isolating, characterizing, tracking groups concern Techniques that combine chemical analysis bioassays facilitate identification pose a combined risk.

Language: Английский

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Assessing the Ecological Risks of Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Current State‐of‐the Science and a Proposed Path Forward

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 40(3), P. 564 - 605

Published: Sept. 17, 2020

Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) encompass a large, heterogenous group of chemicals potential concern to human health the environment. Based on information for few relatively well-understood PFAS such as perfluorooctane sulfonate perfluorooctanoate, there is ample basis suspect that at least subset can be considered persistent, bioaccumulative, and/or toxic. However, data suitable determining risks in either prospective or retrospective assessments are lacking majority PFAS. In August 2019, Society Environmental Toxicology Chemistry sponsored workshop focused state-of-the-science supporting risk assessment The present review summarizes discussions concerning ecotoxicology ecological First, we summarize currently available relevant problem formulation/prioritization, exposure, hazard/effects context regulatory activities from around world. We then describe critical gaps uncertainties relative propose approaches address these needs. Recommendations include development more comprehensive monitoring programs support exposure assessment, an emphasis research formulation predictive models bioaccumulation, silico, vitro, vivo methods efficiently assess biological effects potentially sensitive species/endpoints. Addressing needs associated with assessing will require cross-disciplinary employ both conventional new integrated, resource-effective manner. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:564-605. © 2020 Authors. published by Wiley Periodicals LLC behalf SETAC. This article has been contributed US Government employees their work public domain USA.

Language: Английский

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The ECOTOXicology Knowledgebase: A Curated Database of Ecologically Relevant Toxicity Tests to Support Environmental Research and Risk Assessment

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 41(6), P. 1520 - 1539

Published: March 9, 2022

The need for assembled existing and new toxicity data has accelerated as the amount of chemicals introduced into commerce continues to grow regulatory mandates require safety assessments a greater number chemicals. To address this evolving need, ECOTOXicology Knowledgebase (ECOTOX) was developed starting in 1980s is currently world's largest compilation curated ecotoxicity data, providing support chemical ecological research through systematic transparent literature review procedures. recently released version ECOTOX (Ver 5, www.epa.gov/ecotox) provides single-chemical over 12,000 species with one million test results from 50,000 references. Presented an overview ECOTOX, detailing curation processes within context current practices discussing how recent updates improve accessibility reusability assessment, management, environmental Relevant acceptable are identified studies scientific literature, pertinent methodological details extracted following well-established controlled vocabularies newly added quarterly public website. Release Ver included entirely redesigned user interface enhanced queries retrieval options, visualizations aid exploration, customizable outputs export use external applications, interoperability databases tools. This reliable source evolve accessible state-of-the-art increased other relevant resources. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1520-1539. © 2022 SETAC. article been contributed by US Government employees their work domain USA.

Language: Английский

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(Eco)toxicological tests for assessing impacts of chemical stress to aquatic ecosystems: Facts, challenges, and future

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 795, P. 148776 - 148776

Published: July 1, 2021

Monitoring of chemicals in the aquatic environment by chemical analysis alone cannot completely assess and predict effects on species ecosystems. This is primarily because increasing number (unknown) stressors mixture present environment. In addition, ability ecological indices to identify underlying causing negative limited. Therefore, additional complementary methods are needed that can address biological a direct manner provide link exposure, i.e. (eco)toxicological tests. (Eco)toxicological tests defined as test systems expose components (cells, individuals, populations, communities) (environmental mixtures of) register effects. These measure responses at sub-organismal (biomarkers vitro bioassays), whole-organismal, population, or community level. We performed literature search obtain state-of-the-art overview ecotoxicological available for assessing impacts biota reveal datagaps. total, we included 509 biomarkers, 207 bioassays, 422 measuring whole-organismal level, 78 population- community- ecosystem-level. Tests level biomarkers were most abundant invertebrates fish, whilst bioassays mostly based mammalian cell lines. ecosystem-level almost missing organisms other than microorganisms algae. an various extrapolation challenges faced using data from these suggest some forward looking perspectives. Although extrapolating measured relevant protection goals remains challenging, combination experiments models key more comprehensive assessment

Language: Английский

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Identification and Prioritization of Environmental Organic Pollutants: From an Analytical and Toxicological Perspective

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 123(17), P. 10584 - 10640

Published: Aug. 2, 2023

Exposure to environmental organic pollutants has triggered significant ecological impacts and adverse health outcomes, which have been received substantial increasing attention. The contribution of unidentified chemical components is considered as the most knowledge gap in understanding combined effects pollutant mixtures. To address this issue, remarkable analytical breakthroughs recently made. In review, basic principles on recognition are overviewed. Complementary methodologies (i.e., quantitative structure–activity relationship prediction, mass spectrometric nontarget screening, effect-directed analysis) experimental platforms briefly described. stages technique development and/or essential parts workflow for each then reviewed. Finally, plausible paths applications future screening methods, interdisciplinary techniques achieving toxicant identification, burgeoning strategies risk assessment cocktails discussed.

Language: Английский

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The periodic table of the elements of green and sustainable chemistry

Green Chemistry, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 21(24), P. 6545 - 6566

Published: Jan. 1, 2019

Achieving a sustainable future will only be possible through the intersection of best science and technology in combination with societal, economic, policy, cultural, moral, ethical ecosystem.

Language: Английский

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Assessing the Mixture Effects in In Vitro Bioassays of Chemicals Occurring in Small Agricultural Streams during Rain Events

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 54(13), P. 8280 - 8290

Published: June 5, 2020

Rain events may impact the chemical pollution burden in rivers. Forty-four small streams Germany were profiled during several rain for presence of 395 chemicals and five types mixture effects vitro bioassays (cytotoxicity; activation estrogen, aryl hydrocarbon, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors; oxidative stress response). While these selected to cover a wide range agricultural impacts, addition expected pesticides, wastewater-derived typical street runoff detected. The unexpectedly high estrogenic many samples indicated by wastewater or overflow combined sewer systems. 128 water exhibited diversity effect patterns, even different at same site. detected 290 explained only fraction (<8%) measured effects. experimental designed mixtures that dominate consistent with predictions concentration within factor two 94% mixtures. Overall, was much higher than previously surface dry weather, often exceeding proposed effect-based trigger values.

Language: Английский

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Toxicity identification evaluation for hydraulic fracturing flowback and produced water during shale gas exploitation in China: Evidence from tissue residues and gene expression

Water Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 241, P. 120170 - 120170

Published: June 3, 2023

Language: Английский

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Building the Environmental Chemical-Protein Interaction Network (eCPIN): An Exposome-Wide Strategy for Bioactive Chemical Contaminant Identification

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(9), P. 3486 - 3495

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

Although advancements in nontargeted analysis have made it possible to detect hundreds of chemical contaminants a single run, the current environmental toxicology approaches lag behind, precluding transition from analytical chemistry efforts health risk assessment. We herein highlighted recently developed "top-down" bioanalytical method, protein Affinity Purification with Nontargeted Analysis (APNA), screen for bioactive at "exposome-wide" level. To achieve this, tagged functional is employed as "bait" directly isolate mixtures, which are further identified by analysis. Advantages this protein-guided approach, including discovery new ligands well targets known contaminants, were several case studies. Encouraged these successful applications, we proposed framework, i.e., Chemical-Protein Interaction Network (eCPIN), construct complete map 7 billion binary interactions between all (>350,000) and human proteins (∼20,000) via APNA. The eCPIN could be established three stages through strategically prioritizing ∼20,000 proteins, such focusing on 48 nuclear receptors (e.g., thyroid hormone receptors) first stage. will provide an unprecedented throughput screening exposome-wide level facilitate identification molecular initiating events proteome-wide

Language: Английский

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Advancing toxicity studies of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (pfass) through machine learning: Models, mechanisms, and future directions

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 946, P. 174201 - 174201

Published: June 25, 2024

Language: Английский

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