Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: the interplay between metabolism, microbes and immunity

Nature Metabolism, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 3(12), P. 1596 - 1607

Published: Dec. 20, 2021

Language: Английский

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Lipid droplet biogenesis and functions in health and disease

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(8), P. 443 - 459

Published: May 23, 2023

Language: Английский

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Overview of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and the Role of Sugary Food Consumption and Other Dietary Components in Its Development

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 1442 - 1442

Published: April 24, 2021

NAFLD is the world's most common chronic liver disease, and its increasing prevalence parallels global rise in diabetes obesity. It characterised by fat accumulation evolving to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), an inflammatory subtype that can lead fibrosis cirrhosis. Currently, there no effective pharmacotherapeutic treatment for NAFLD. Treatment therefore based on lifestyle modifications including changes diet exercise, although it unclear what form of intervention is. The aim this review, then, discuss role specific nutrients effects different dietary interventions well established unhealthy rich calories, sugars, saturated fats low polyunsaturated fatty acids, fibre, micronutrients plays a critical development progression disease. However, few clinical trials have evaluated nutrition We, therefore, summarise currently known about macronutrients, foods, patterns prevention treatment. Most current guidelines recommend low-calorie, plant-based diets, such as Mediterranean diet, pattern treat More are required, however, identify best evidence-based approach.

Language: Английский

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A multiancestry genome-wide association study of unexplained chronic ALT elevation as a proxy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with histological and radiological validation

Nature Genetics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 54(6), P. 761 - 771

Published: June 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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PPAR-γ signaling in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Pathogenesis and therapeutic targets

Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 245, P. 108391 - 108391

Published: March 22, 2023

Language: Английский

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Mitochondrial Dysfunction Plays Central Role in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(13), P. 7280 - 7280

Published: June 30, 2022

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global pandemic that affects one-quarter of the world’s population. NAFLD includes spectrum progressive from steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, and cirrhosis can be complicated by hepatocellular carcinoma. It strongly associated with metabolic syndromes, obesity, type 2 diabetes, it has been shown dysregulation central its pathogenesis. Recently, suggested metabolic- (dysfunction) (MAFLD) more appropriate term describe than NAFLD, which puts increased emphasis on important role dysfunction in There strong evidence mitochondrial plays significant development progression NAFLD. Impaired acid oxidation and, recently, reduction quality, have play major progression. In this review, we provide an overview our current understanding highlight how contributes pathogenesis both animal models human subjects. Further discuss modification function modulates targeting mitochondria promising new avenue for drug treat NAFLD/NASH.

Language: Английский

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Mitochondrial metabolic dysfunction and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: new insights from pathogenic mechanisms to clinically targeted therapy

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: July 28, 2023

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is among the most widespread metabolic globally, and its associated complications including insulin resistance diabetes have become threatening conditions for human health. Previous studies on non-alcoholic (NAFLD) were focused liver's lipid metabolism. However, growing evidence suggests that mitochondrial metabolism involved in pathogenesis of NAFLD to varying degrees several ways, instance cellular division, oxidative stress, autophagy, quality control. Ultimately, function gradually declines as a result dysfunction. The unable transfer excess droplets outside liver. Therefore, how regulate hepatic treat has focus current research. This review provides details about intrinsic link with mechanisms by which dysfunctions contribute progression. Given crucial role progression, application potential multiple improvement modalities (including physical exercise, diabetic medications, small molecule agonists targeting Sirt3, mitochondria-specific antioxidants) treatment was evaluated hoping provide new insights into treatment.

Language: Английский

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Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), Type 2 Diabetes, and Non-viral Hepatocarcinoma: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and New Therapeutic Strategies

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 468 - 468

Published: Feb. 6, 2023

In recent years, the incidence of non-viral hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has increased dramatically, which is probably related to prevalence metabolic syndrome, together with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Several epidemiological studies have established association between T2DM HCC demonstrated role as an independent risk factor for development HCC. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) its progression steatohepatitis (NASH) cirrhosis are various involve pro-inflammatory agents, oxidative stress, apoptosis, adipokines, JNK-1 activation, IGF-1 activity, immunomodulation, alteration gut microbiota. Moreover, these thought play a significant in NAFLD-related carcinoma. Early diagnosis timely correction factors essential prevent onset fibrosis purpose this review summarize current evidence on among obesity, NASH/NAFLD, T2DM, HCC, emphasis clinical impact. addition, we will examine main complex relationship, promising strategies that recently emerged diseases’ treatments.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota modulation in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Effects of current treatments and future strategies

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Feb. 16, 2023

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is frequently associated with metabolic disorders, being highly prevalent in obese and diabetic patients. Many concomitant factors that promote systemic inflammation are involved NAFLD pathogenesis, a growing body of evidence highlighting the key role gut microbiota. Indeed, gut-liver axis has strong impact promotion progression wide spectrum its manifestations, claiming efforts to find effective strategies for microbiota modulation. Diet among most powerful tools; Western diet negatively affects intestinal permeability composition function, selecting pathobionts, whereas Mediterranean fosters health-promoting bacteria, favorable on lipid glucose metabolism inflammation. Antibiotics probiotics have been used improve features, mixed results. More interestingly, medications treat NAFLD-associated comorbidities may also modulate Drugs treatment type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), such as metformin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists, sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) inhibitors, not only regulation homeostasis, but reduction fat content inflammation, they shift towards healthy phenotype. Even bariatric surgery significantly changes microbiota, mostly due modification gastrointestinal anatomy, parallel improvement histological features NAFLD. Other options promising effects reprogramming axis, fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) next-generation deserve further investigation future inclusion therapeutic armamentarium

Language: Английский

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Contribution of Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) to Chronic Inflammatory and Degenerative Diseases

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 431 - 431

Published: Feb. 2, 2023

Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a metabolite produced by the gut microbiota and has been mainly associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in humans. There are factors that affect one’s TMAO level, such as diet, drugs, age, hormones, among others. Gut dysbiosis host studied recently new approach to understanding chronic inflammatory degenerative diseases, including metabolic Alzheimer’s disease. These disease types well COVID-19 known modulate immunity. Diabetic obese patients have observed increase their level TMAO, which direct correlation CVDs. This attributed enhancing pathways through cholesterol bile acid dysregulation, promoting foam cell formation. Additionally, activates transcription factor NF-κB, which, turn, triggers cytokine production. The result can be exaggerated response capable inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress, responsible for various diseases. Due deleterious effects this causes its host, it important search therapeutic agents allow reduction levels that, thus, able avoid severe event. present review discussed synthesis contribution pathogenesis

Language: Английский

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