Western diet as a trigger of Alzheimer’s disease: From metabolic syndrome and systemic inflammation to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 70, P. 101397 - 101397

Published: June 30, 2021

An excess of saturated fatty acids and simple sugars in the diet is a known environmental risk factor Alzheimer's disease (AD) but holistic view interacting processes through which such may contribute to AD pathogenesis missing. We addressed this need extensive analysis published studies investigating effects western (WD) on development humans laboratory animals. reviewed WD-induced systemic alterations comprising metabolic changes, induction obesity adipose tissue inflammation, gut microbiota dysbiosis acceleration low-grade inflammation. Next we provide an overview evidence demonstrating that WD-associated drive impairment blood-brain barrier (BBB) neuroinflammation paralleled by accumulation toxic amyloid. Later these changes are followed dysfunction synaptic transmission, neurodegeneration finally memory cognitive impairment. conclude WD can trigger inflammaging, BBB induced inflammation play central role process. Moreover, concurrence Aβ dyshomeostasis, reciprocal interactions vicious cycle neurodegeneration, contradicts as primary AD. Given 2019 World Health Organization recommended focusing modifiable factors prevention, sequential, complex pathomechanisms initiated WD, lead from peripheral disturbances support future prevention strategies.

Language: Английский

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Bee Pollen: Current Status and Therapeutic Potential

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 1876 - 1876

Published: May 31, 2021

Bee pollen is a combination of plant and honeybee secretions nectar. The Bible ancient Egyptian texts are documented proof its use in public health. It considered gold mine nutrition due to active components that have significant health medicinal properties. contains bioactive compounds including proteins, amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, polyphenols. vital bee enhance different bodily functions offer protection against many diseases. generally marketed as functional food with affordable inexpensive prices promising future industrial potentials. This review highlights the dietary properties influence on human health, applications industry.

Language: Английский

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Atherosclerosis and Inflammation: Insights from the Theory of General Pathological Processes

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(9), P. 7910 - 7910

Published: April 26, 2023

Recent advances have greatly improved our understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind atherosclerosis pathogenesis. However, there is still a need to systematize this data from general pathology perspective, particularly with regard atherogenesis patterns in context both canonical and non-classical inflammation types. In review, we analyze various typical phenomena outcomes cellular pro-inflammatory stress atherosclerosis, as well role endothelial dysfunction local systemic manifestations low-grade inflammation. We also present features immune development productive stable unstable plaques, along their similarities differences compared There are numerous factors that act inducers inflammatory process including vascular endothelium aging, metabolic dysfunctions, autoimmune, some cases, infectious damage factors. Life-critical complications such cardiogenic shock severe strokes, associated acute hyperinflammation. Additionally, critical atherosclerotic ischemia lower extremities induces paracoagulation chronic Conversely, sepsis, other conditions, diseases contribute atherogenesis. summary, can be characterized an independent form inflammation, sharing but having fundamental variants (classic vasculitis).

Language: Английский

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The Improvement Effects of Weizmannia coagulans BC99 on Liver Function and Gut Microbiota of Long-Term Alcohol Drinkers: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 320 - 320

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

With the improvement of living standards, alcoholic liver disease caused by long-term drinking has been a common multiple disease. Probiotic interventions may help mitigate damage alcohol intake, but mechanisms need more investigation. This study involved 70 drinkers (18-65 years old, consumption ≥20 g/day, lasting for than one year) who were randomly assigned to either BC99 group or placebo group. Two groups given (3 1 × 1010 CFU) g/day) 60 days, respectively. Before and after intervention, blood routine indicators, function, renal inflammatory factors intestinal flora evaluated. The results showed that intervention with Weizmannia coagulans reduced levels alanine aminotransferase, aspartate glutamyl transpeptidase, serum total bilirubin, urea nitrogen, uric acid 'blood nitrogen/creatinine'. also pro-inflammatory TNF-α IL-6 increased anti-inflammatory factor IL-10. analysis regulated imbalance flora, beneficial bacteria abundance (Prevotella, Faecalibacterium Roseburia) conditionally pathogenic (Escherichia-Shigella Klebsiella). Both LEfSe random forest indicated increase in Muribaculaceae induced was key alleviating alcohol-induced damage. These findings demonstrate potential alleviate injury provide an effective strategy protection drinkers.

Language: Английский

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Obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma: current status and therapeutic targets

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 8, 2023

Obesity is a global epidemic and overwhelming evidence indicates that it risk factor for numerous cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Obesity-associated hepatic tumorigenesis develops from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), progressing to steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis ultimately HCC. The rising incidence obesity resulting in an increased prevalence NAFLD NASH, subsequently represents increasingly important underlying etiology HCC, particular as other causes HCC such hepatitis infection, are declining due effective treatments vaccines. In this review, we provide comprehensive overview molecular mechanisms cellular signaling pathways involved pathogenesis obesity-associated We summarize preclinical experimental animal models available study features NAFLD/NASH/HCC, non-invasive methods diagnose NAFLD, NASH early-stage Finally, since aggressive tumor with 5-year survival less than 20%, will also discuss novel therapeutic targets ongoing clinical trials.

Language: Английский

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Combined effects of a high-fat diet and polyethylene microplastic exposure induce impaired lipid metabolism and locomotor behavior in larvae and adult zebrafish

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 902, P. 165988 - 165988

Published: Aug. 7, 2023

Language: Английский

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Physiopathological mechanisms related to inflammation in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus

World Journal of Experimental Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 7 - 16

Published: June 16, 2023

Overweight, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus pose global health problems that are ever-increasing. A chronic low-grade inflammatory status the presence of various pro-inflammatory markers either in circulation or within dysfunctional metabolic tissues well established. The these factors can, to some extent, predict disease development progression. central role is played by adipose tissue, liver dysfunction, skeletal muscle which collectively contribute increased circulatory levels proinflammatory factors. Weight loss classical interventions achieve a decrease many factors' circulating levels, implying better understanding processes even modulation inflammation may alleviate diseases. This review suggests plays significant progression conditions measuring be useful for assessing risk future treatment methods.

Language: Английский

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Current Perspectives: Obesity and Neurodegeneration - Links and Risks

Degenerative Neurological and Neuromuscular Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 13, P. 111 - 129

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract: Obesity is increasing in prevalence across all age groups. Long-term obesity can lead to the development of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases through its effects on adipose, skeletal muscle, liver tissue. Pathological mechanisms associated with include immune response inflammation as well oxidative stress consequent endothelial mitochondrial dysfunction. Recent evidence links diminished brain health neurodegenerative such Alzheimer's disease (AD) Parkinson's (PD). Both AD PD are insulin resistance, an underlying syndrome obesity. Despite these links, causative mechanism(s) resulting remain unclear. This review discusses relationships between obesity, AD, PD, including clinical preclinical findings. The then briefly explores nonpharmacological directions for intervention. Keywords: metabolism, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, neurodegeneration

Language: Английский

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Altered Mitochondrial Function in MASLD: Key Features and Promising Therapeutic Approaches

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 906 - 906

Published: July 26, 2024

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as nonalcoholic fatty (NAFLD), encompasses a range of conditions from steatosis to steatohepatitis (NASH). Its prevalence, especially among patients with metabolic syndrome, highlights its growing global impact. The pathogenesis MASLD involves dysregulation, inflammation, oxidative stress, genetic factors and, notably, mitochondrial dysfunction. Recent studies underscore the critical role dysfunction in MASLD's progression. Therapeutically, enhancing function has gained interest, along lifestyle changes and pharmacological interventions targeting processes. FDA's approval resmetirom for metabolic-associated (MASH) fibrosis marks significant step. While represents progress, further research is essential understand MASLD-related fully. Innovative strategies like gene editing small-molecule modulators, alongside interventions, can potentially improve treatment. Drug repurposing new targets will advance therapy, addressing increasing burden. Therefore, this review aims provide better understanding identify more effective preventive treatment strategies.

Language: Английский

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Low-grade Chronic Inflammation: A Shared Mechanism for Chronic Diseases

Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(1), P. 000 - 000

Published: July 30, 2024

Inflammation is an important physiological response of the organism to restore homeostasis upon pathogenic or damaging stimuli. However, persistence harmful trigger a deficient resolution process can evolve into state low-grade, chronic inflammation. This condition strongly associated with development several increasingly prevalent and serious conditions, such as obesity, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, elevating overall morbidity mortality worldwide. The current pandemic diseases underscores need address inflammation, its mechanisms, potential preventive measures limit widespread impact. present review discusses knowledge research gaps regarding association between low-grade inflammation focusing on digestive cancer. We examine art in selected aspects topic propose future directions approaches for field.

Language: Английский

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