Biopsy Techniques for Musculoskeletal Tumors: Basic Principles and Specialized Techniques DOI Creative Commons
Andreas F. Mavrogenis,

Pavlos Altsitzioglou,

Shinji Tsukamoto

et al.

Current Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 31(2), P. 900 - 917

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Biopsy is a pivotal component in the diagnostic process of bone and soft tissue tumors. The objective to obtain adequate without compromising local tumor dissemination patient’s survival. This review explores contemporary principles practices musculoskeletal biopsies, emphasizing critical role accuracy while also delving into evolving landscape liquid biopsies as promising alternative field. A thorough literature search was done PubMed Google Scholar well physical books libraries summarize available biopsy techniques for tumors, discuss methods, risk factors, complications, emphasize challenges related oncology. Research articles that studied basic specialized patients were deemed eligible. Their advantages disadvantages, technical pathophysiological mechanisms, possible risks complications reviewed, summarized, discussed. An inadequately executed may hinder diagnosis subsequently impact treatment outcomes. All lesions should be approached with presumption malignancy until proven otherwise. Liquid have emerged potent non-invasive tool analyzing phenotype, progression, drug resistance guiding decisions sarcomas metastases. Despite advancements, several barriers remain including costs, scalability, reproducibility, isolation methods. It paramount orthopedic oncologists work together radiologists pathologists enhance diagnosis, patient outcomes, healthcare costs.

Language: Английский

Circulating RNAs in prostate cancer patients DOI Creative Commons
Vera Mugoni, Yari Ciani, Caterina Nardella

et al.

Cancer Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 524, P. 57 - 69

Published: Oct. 15, 2021

Growing bodies of evidence have demonstrated that the identification prostate cancer (PCa) biomarkers in patients' blood and urine may remarkably improve PCa diagnosis progression monitoring. Among diverse cancer-derived circulating materials, extracellular RNA molecules (exRNAs) represent a compelling component to investigate cancer-related alterations. Once outside intracellular environment, exRNAs circulate biofluids either association with protein complexes or encapsulated inside vesicles (EVs). Notably, EV-associated RNAs (EV-RNAs) were used for development several assays (such as FDA-approved Progensa Prostate Cancer Antigen 3 (PCA3 test) aiming at improving early detection. EV-RNAs encompass mixture species, including small non-coding (e.g. miRNA circRNA), lncRNAs mRNAs. Several methods been proposed isolate EVs relevant RNAs, perform RNA-Seq studies identify potential biomarkers. However, circulation patient include multitude populations are released by both normal cells from different tissues, thereby leading heterogeneous EV-RNA-associated transcriptional signal. Decrypting complexity such composite signal is nowadays major challenge faced specific tumor-associated RNAs. Multiple deconvolution algorithms so far infer enrichment cancer-specific signals gene expression data. novel strategies sorting sequencing associated single will facilitate molecules. Altogether, summarized here demonstrate high using EV-RNA highlight urgent need technologies computational approaches characterize their cargo.

Language: Английский

Citations

67
Potential and challenges of specifically isolating extracellular vesicles from heterogeneous populations DOI Creative Commons
Susann Allelein, Paula Medina-Pérez,

Ana Leonor Heitor Lopes

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: June 2, 2021

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have attracted interest due to their ability provide diagnostic information from liquid biopsies. Cells constantly release divers in size, content and features depending on the biogenesis, origin function. This heterogeneity adds a layer of complexity when attempting isolate characterize EVs resulting various protocols. Their high abundance all bodily fluids stable source dependent biomarkers make powerful tool biomarker discovery diagnostics. However, applications are limited by quality samples definition. Here, we compared frequently used isolation techniques: ultracentrifugation, density gradient centrifugation, ultrafiltration size exclusion chromatography. Then, aimed for tissue-specific prostate-derived cell culture supernatants with immunomagnetic beads. Quality quantity were confirmed nanoparticle tracking analysis, western blot electron microscopy. Additionally, spotted antibody microarray was developed EV sub-populations. Current analysis 16 one 6 different surface markers triplicate could be easily extended allowing faster more economical method samples.

Language: Английский

Citations

66
Liquid biopsies based on DNA methylation as biomarkers for the detection and prognosis of lung cancer DOI Creative Commons
Peilong Li, Shibiao Liu, Lutao Du

et al.

Clinical Epigenetics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Sept. 24, 2022

Abstract Lung cancer (LC) is the main cause of cancer-related mortality. Most LC patients are diagnosed in an advanced stage when symptoms obvious, and prognosis quite poor. Although low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) a routine clinical examination for early detection LC, false-positive rate over 90%. As one intensely studied epigenetic modifications, DNA methylation plays key role various diseases, including other diseases. Hypermethylation tumor suppressor genes or hypomethylation oncogenes important event tumorigenesis. Remarkably, usually occurs very malignant tumors. Thus, analysis may provide some useful information about LC. In recent years, liquid biopsy has developed rapidly. Liquid can detect monitor both primary metastatic tumors reflect heterogeneity. Moreover, it minimally invasive procedure, causes less pain patients. This review summarized biopsies based on At first, we briefly discussed emerging technologies analysis. Subsequently, outlined cell-free (cfDNA), sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, bronchial aspirates, washings methylation-based Finally, prognostic value cfDNA sputum diagnostic were also analyzed.

Language: Английский

Citations

61
Epigenetic reprogramming in cancer: From diagnosis to treatment DOI Creative Commons
Pedro M. S. Costa, Sarah Leyenne Alves Sales, Daniel Pascoalino Pinheiro

et al.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Feb. 14, 2023

Disruption of the epigenetic program gene expression is a hallmark cancer that initiates and propagates tumorigenesis. Altered DNA methylation, histone modifications ncRNAs are feature cells. The dynamic changes during oncogenic transformation related to tumor heterogeneity, unlimited self-renewal multi-lineage differentiation. This stem cell-like state or aberrant reprogramming cells major challenge in treatment drug resistance. Given reversible nature modifications, ability restore epigenome through inhibition modifiers promising therapy for treatment, either as monotherapy combination with other anticancer therapies, including immunotherapies. Herein, we highlighted main alterations, their potential biomarker early diagnosis therapies approved treatment.

Language: Английский

Citations

36
Liquid biopsy for monitoring of tumor dormancy and early detection of disease recurrence in solid tumors DOI Creative Commons

Isabel Heidrich,

Benjamin Deitert, Stefan Werner

et al.

Cancer and Metastasis Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 42(1), P. 161 - 182

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

Abstract Cancer is one of the three leading causes death worldwide. Even after successful therapy and achieving remission, risk relapse often remains. In this context, dormant residual cancer cells in secondary organs such as bone marrow constitute cellular reservoir from which late tumor recurrences arise. This dilemma leads term minimal disease, reflects presence disseminated primary lesion to distant patients who lack any clinical or radiological signs metastasis left behind that eventually lead local recurrence. Disseminated have ability survive a state following treatment linger unrecognized for more than decade before emerging recurrent disease. They are able breakup their readopt proliferation under certain circumstances, can finally cancer-associated death. recent years, extensive molecular genetic characterization blood-based biomarker has contributed significantly our understanding frequency prevalence dormancy. article, we describe relevance highlight how latest advances different liquid biopsy approaches be used detect, characterize, monitor disease breast cancer, prostate melanoma patients.

Language: Английский

Citations

26
Clinical applications of circulating tumor cells in patients with solid tumors DOI Creative Commons
Daniel J. Smit, Svenja Schneegans, Klaus Pantel

et al.

Clinical & Experimental Metastasis, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 41(4), P. 403 - 411

Published: Jan. 28, 2024

Abstract The concept of liquid biopsy analysis has been established more than a decade ago. Since the establishment term, tremendous advances have achieved and plenty methods as well analytes investigated in basic research clinical trials. Liquid refers to body fluid-based that is minimal-invasive, most importantly, allows dense monitoring tumor responses by sequential blood sampling. Blood important analyte for analyses, providing an easily accessible source plethora cells, cell-derived products, free nucleic acids, proteins vesicles. More 12,000 publications are listed PubMed today including term biopsy. In this manuscript, we critically review current implications biopsy, with special focus on circulating describe hurdles need be addressed before can implemented standard care guidelines.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Dissemination of Circulating Tumor Cells in Breast and Prostate Cancer: Implications for Early Detection DOI Creative Commons
Song Yi Bae,

Kaylee J. Kamalanathan,

Catalina Galeano‐Garces

et al.

Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 165(4)

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

Abstract Burgeoning evidence suggests that circulating tumor cells (CTCs) may disseminate into blood vessels at an early stage, seeding metastases in various cancers such as breast and prostate cancer. Simultaneously, the early-stage CTCs settle metastatic sites [termed disseminated (DTCs)] can enter dormancy, marking a potential source of late recurrence therapy resistance. Thus, presence these poses risks to patients but also holds benefits for detection treatment opportunities possibly curative interventions. This review delves role DTCs driving latent metastasis within cancer, emphasizing importance CTC diseases. We further explore correlation between poor prognoses, which contribute significantly increased cancer mortality. Consequently, stage emerges critical imperative enhancing clinical diagnostics allowing

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Circulating tumor cells in the early detection of human cancers DOI Creative Commons

Zixin Feng,

Junyu Wu, Yuanjun Lu

et al.

International Journal of Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(8), P. 3251 - 3265

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Cancer is a severe disease with high morbidity and mortality globally.Thus, early detection emerging as an important topic in modern oncology.Although the strategies for have developed rapidly recent decades, they remain challenging due to subtle symptoms initial stage of primary tumor.Currently, tumor biomarkers, imaging, specific screening tests are widely used various cancer types; however, each method has limitations.The harms even overweight against benefits some cases.Therefore, approaches should be improved urgently.Liquid biopsy, now, convenient non-invasive way compared traditional tissue biopsy diagnosis.Circulating cells (CTCs) vital liquid play central role dissemination metastases.They promising potential biomarkers detection.This review updates knowledge biology CTC; it also highlights CTC enrichment technologies their applications several human cancers.

Language: Английский

Citations

38
Predictive biomarkers for personalized medicine in breast cancer DOI Creative Commons

Sylvie Rodrigues-Ferreira,

Clara Nahmias

Cancer Letters, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 545, P. 215828 - 215828

Published: July 16, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

34
Testing for Human Papillomaviruses in Urine, Blood, and Oral Specimens: an Update for the Laboratory DOI Creative Commons
Mario Poljak, Kate Cuschieri, Laia Alemany

et al.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 13, 2023

Twelve high-risk alpha human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes cause approximately 690,000 cancer cases annually, with cervical and oropharyngeal being the two most prominent types. HPV testing is performed in laboratory settings for various applications of a clinical, epidemiological, research nature using range clinical specimens collected by clinicians or individuals (self-collected specimens).

Language: Английский

Citations

22