CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing: a new approach for overcoming drug resistance in cancer

Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(1)

Published: June 17, 2022

The CRISPR/Cas9 system is an RNA-based adaptive immune in bacteria and archaea. Various studies have shown that it possible to target a wide range of human genes treat some diseases, including cancers, by the system. In fact, gene editing one most efficient genome manipulation techniques. Studies technology, addition having potential be used as new therapeutic approach treatment can also enhance effectiveness existing treatments. Undoubtedly, issue drug resistance main obstacles cancers. Cancer cells resist anticancer drugs variety mechanisms, such enhancing efflux, DNA repair, stemness, attenuating apoptosis. Mutations proteins different cellular signaling pathways are associated with these events resistance. Recent technique important involved thereby increasing drugs. this review article, related applications overcoming cancer will reviewed. addition, we give brief overview limitations CRISP/Cas9 gene-editing technique.

Language: Английский

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miRNAs as cornerstones in adipogenesis and obesity

Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 315, P. 121382 - 121382

Published: Jan. 10, 2023

Language: Английский

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The Functional Meaning of 5′UTR in Protein-Coding Genes

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(3), P. 2976 - 2976

Published: Feb. 3, 2023

As it is well known, messenger RNA has many regulatory regions along its sequence length. One of them the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR), which itself contains elements such as upstream ORFs (uORFs), internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs), microRNA binding sites, and structural components involved in regulation mRNA stability, pre-mRNA splicing, translation initiation. Activation alternative, more transcription start site leads to an extension 5'UTR. consequences 5'UTRs may be head-to-head gene overlap. This review describes 5'UTR protein-coding transcripts functional significance genes overlap with implications for transcription, translation, disease.

Language: Английский

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Ultrasensitive CRISPR/Cas13a-Mediated Photoelectrochemical Biosensors for Specific and Direct Assay of miRNA-21

Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Sensitive and specific assay of microRNAs (miRNAs) is beneficial to early disease screening. Herein, we for the first time proposed clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas13a-mediated photoelectrochemical biosensors direct miRNA-21. In this study, compared with traditional nucleic acid-based signal amplification strategies, CRISPR/Cas13a system can greatly improve specificity sensitivity target determination due its accurate recognition high-efficient trans-cleavage capability without complex acid sequence design. Moreover, CRISPR/Cas12a-based biosensing platform, developed CRISPR/Cas13a-mediated biosensor directly detect RNA targets transduction from DNA, thereby avoiding leakage distortion. Generally, reveals excellent analysis a wider linear range 1 fM 5 nM lower detection limit fM. Additionally, it also shows satisfactory stability in human serum samples cell lysates, manifesting that has great application prospects areas diagnosis biomedical research.

Language: Английский

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Liquid biopsy in cancer current: status, challenges and future prospects

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Cancer has a high mortality rate across the globe, and tissue biopsy remains gold standard for tumor diagnosis due to its level of laboratory standardization, good consistency results, relatively stable samples, accuracy results. However, there are still many limitations drawbacks in application tumor. The emergence liquid provides new ideas early prognosis Compared with biopsy, advantages treatment various types cancer, including non-invasive, quickly so on. Currently, detection received widely attention. It is now undergoing rapid progress, it holds significant potential future applications. Around now, biopsies encompass several components such as circulating cells, DNA, exosomes, microRNA, RNA, platelets, endothelial cells. In addition, advances identification indicators have significantly enhanced possibility utilizing clinical settings. this review, we will discuss application, challenges some common tumors from perspective diverse systems tumors, look forward development prospects field cancer treatment.

Language: Английский

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Advances in research on the anti-tumor mechanism of Astragalus polysaccharides

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 6, 2024

The dry root of the soybean plant Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch) Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge) Hsiao or A. Bge, Astragali Radix (AR) has a long medicinal history. polysaccharide (APS), natural macromolecule that exhibits immune regulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and other pharmacological activities, is an important active ingredient extracted from AR. Recently, APS been increasingly used in cancer therapy owing to its anti-tumor ability as it prevents progression prostate, liver, cervical, ovarian, non-small-cell lung by suppressing tumor cell growth invasion enhancing apoptosis. In addition, enhances sensitivity tumors antineoplastic agents improves body’s immunity. This prospects for broad application through various pathways. this article, we present latest progress research on effects underlying mechanisms, aiming provide novel theoretical support reference use therapy.

Language: Английский

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Glaucoma: from pathogenic mechanisms to retinal glial cell response to damage

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: Jan. 25, 2024

Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease of the retina characterized by irreversible loss retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) leading to visual loss. Degeneration RGCs and their axons, as well damage remodeling lamina cribrosa are main events in pathogenesis glaucoma. Different molecular pathways involved RGC death, which triggered exacerbated consequence number risk factors such elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), age, ocular biomechanics, or low perfusion pressure. Increased IOP one most important associated with this pathology only for treatment currently available, nevertheless, on many cases progression continues, despite control. Thus, elevation not trigger glaucomatous damage, showing evidence that other can induce death pathology, would be advance neurodegeneration. The underlying mechanisms driving process glaucoma include ischemia/hypoxia, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress neuroinflammation. In glaucoma, like disorders, immune system immunoregulation conducted mainly glial cells, microglia, astrocytes, Müller cells. increase produces activation tissue. Chronic may provoke proinflammatory state at level inducing blood barrier disruption death. modulation response constitute an interesting new approach

Language: Английский

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MicroRNA-21's role in PTEN suppression and PI3K/AKT activation: Implications for cancer biology

Pathology - Research and Practice, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 254, P. 155091 - 155091

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Language: Английский

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The Impact of Diet on miRNA Regulation and Its Implications for Health: A Systematic Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(6), P. 770 - 770

Published: March 7, 2024

The evidence suggests that diet can modulate endogenous microRNA (miRNA) expression. Changes in miRNA expression may affect metabolic processes and consequently be involved health status disease development. aim of this systematic review was to summarize the role specific food components regulation discuss its implications for human PubMed, Embase Web Science databases were searched accordance with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses) guidelines relevant studies. A total 32 interventional 5 observational studies performed adults evaluating dietary modulation included. Energy- fat-controlled diets along plant-based foods show substantial modulating levels. Plasma, serum peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are main sources used measure miRNAs. 108 miRNAs modulated by identified. We confirmed habits closely associated Particularly, energy content fat intake appeared key factors influencing Furthermore, since several biological processes, modulatory process lead disorders.

Language: Английский

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Role of microRNAs in Immune Regulation with Translational and Clinical Applications

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 1942 - 1942

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 19-23 nucleotide long, evolutionarily conserved noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. In this review, involvement of miRNAs is summarized in differentiation and function immune cells, anti-infective responses, immunodeficiencies autoimmune diseases. Roles anticancer immunity transplantation solid organs hematopoietic stem cells also discussed. Major focus put on translational clinical applications miRNAs, including establishment noninvasive biomarkers for differential diagnosis prediction prognosis. Patient selection response to biological therapy one most promising fields application. Replacement or inhibition has enormous therapeutic potential, with constantly expanding possibilities. Although important challenges still await solutions, evaluation miRNA fingerprints may contribute an increasingly personalized management dysregulation a remarkable reduction toxicity treatment side effects. More detailed knowledge molecular effects physical exercise nutrition system facilitate self-tailored lifestyle recommendations advances prevention.

Language: Английский

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