Thoracic Malignancies: From Prevention and Diagnosis to Late Stages

Life, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 138 - 138

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, characterized by its complexity and heterogeneity [...]

Language: Английский

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Prognostic and predictive role of circulating tumor DNA detection in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cancer Cell International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: March 1, 2025

At present, there is no effective prognostic indicator for muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). A liquid biopsy method, plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) detection, was evaluated use in predicting the prognosis of different cancers. This study aims to assess value ctDNA state muscle-invasive patients. We comprehensively searched three public databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library) December 2023 according Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Review Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement. Studies investigating outcome indicators patients with MIBC were included our analysis. The hazard ratios (HRs) 95% confidence intervals (CIs) extracted evaluate association between MIBC. Eleven studies 1,170 diagnosed cancer, comprising a total four retrospective cohort eight prospective studies, meta-analysis, one which had two cohorts. analysis revealed that positive associated poor overall survival (OS), progression-free (PFS), recurrence-free (RFS) (HR = 4.51, CI: 2.64–7.69, P < 0.001; HR 4.50, 2.77–7.30, 6.56, 4.18–10.30, 0.001), significant effects both pre- post-treatment. In addition, longitudinal proved be monitoring receiving treatments 0.24, 0.14–0.41, 0.001). OS, PFS, RFS Meanwhile, clearance improved These findings suggest predictive MIBC, can used monitor recurrence guide treatment. Thus, level detection shows potential treatment

Language: Английский

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5-Hydroxymethylcytosine modifications in circulating cell-free DNA: frontiers of cancer detection, monitoring, and prognostic evaluation

Biomarker Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: March 7, 2025

Abstract Developing accurate, clinically convenient, and non-invasive methods for early cancer detection, monitoring, prognosis assessment is essential improving patient survival rates, enhancing quality of life, reducing the socioeconomic burden associated with cancer. This goal critical in precision oncology. Genetic epigenetic alterations circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) have emerged as transformative tools advancing outcomes. Among these, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) modifications cfDNA stand out promising markers, offering insights into initiation, progression, metastasis, across various types, such lung cancer, colorectal hepatocellular carcinoma. review comprehensively explores biology sequencing methodologies 5hmC, emphasizing their potential screening, diagnosis, treatment prognostic assessment. It highlights recent advancements cfDNA-derived 5hmC signatures’ applications, addressing strengths limitations context clinical translation. Furthermore, this outlines key challenges future directions integrating routine practice, facilitating personalized management.

Language: Английский

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Liquid biopsy in lung cancer

Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 13, 2025

Abstract Precision medicine based on biomarkers, such as genetic abnormalities and PD-L1 expression, has been established for the treatment of nonsmall cell lung cancer. Recently, liquid biopsy emerged a valuable minimally invasive alternative. This method analyzes blood other bodily fluids to detect cancer-related molecular residual disease (MRD). Liquid biopsy, which includes testing circulating tumor cells, DNA (ctDNA), microRNA (miRNA), offers several advantages over conventional methods. It is invasive, can be performed repeatedly, provides crucial information early cancer diagnosis, genotyping, monitoring. Elevated ctDNA levels miRNA markers show promise diagnosis. complements traditional tissue during particularly when samples are insufficient. Tests Cobas® EGFR Mutation Test v2 Guardant360® CDx have shown effective in detecting mutations guiding decisions. Although accuracy still lower than that its clinical utility continues improve. For prediction recurrence monitoring, analysis MRD earlier imaging, offering potential benefits adjustment relapse detection. The continuous development validation methods essential improving personalized strategies.

Language: Английский

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Minimal Residual Disease in Metastatic Soft Tissue Sarcoma

Current Treatment Options in Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 12, 2025

Language: Английский

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Functional tumor-derived exosomes in NSCLC progression and clinical implications

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 19, 2025

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of all cases and remains one the leading causes cancer-related mortality worldwide. The high rate is primarily driven by delayed diagnosis, rapid metastasis, frequent recurrence. Tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) have emerged as critical mediators in NSCLC progression, offering valuable insights into tumor microenvironment. Exosomes are small membrane vesicles that facilitate intercellular communication transport bioactive molecules, including proteins, RNAs, DNAs, thereby reflecting genetic complexity tumors. These play a key role promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), neovascularization, drug resistance, immune evasion, which pivotal development NSCLC. This review explores diverse roles TEXs focusing on their involvement pre-metastatic niche formation, tissue modulation. Specifically, we discuss exosome-associated RNAs proteins NSCLC, contribute to growth metastasis. Furthermore, explore potential biomarkers emphasizing application prognosis, prediction resistance targeted therapies immunotherapies.

Language: Английский

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Immune-Based and Novel Therapies in Variant Histology Renal Cell Carcinomas

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 326 - 326

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a heterogeneous disease that represents the most common type of kidney cancer. The classification RCC primarily based on distinct morphological and molecular characteristics, with two broad categories: clear (ccRCC) non-clear (nccRCC). Clear predominant subtype, representing about 70–80% all cases, while subtypes collectively make up remaining 20–30%. Non-clear encompasses many histopathological variants, each unique biological clinical characteristics. Additionally, any subtype can undergo sarcomatoid dedifferentiation, which associated poor prognosis rapid progression. Recent advances in profiling have also led to identification molecularly defined further highlighting complexity this disease. While immunotherapy has shown efficacy some variants subpopulations, significant gaps remain treatment rare subtypes. This review explores outcomes across subtypes, including highlights opportunities for improving care through novel therapies, biomarker-driven approaches, inclusive trial designs.

Language: Английский

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Invited Commentary: Human effluvia, microbiome-based biomarkers and cancer screening

Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101976 - 101976

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Lessons (to be) learned from liquid biopsies: assessment of circulating cells and cell-free DNA in cancer and pregnancy-acquired microchimerism

Seminars in Immunopathology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 47(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Abstract Tumors constantly shed cancer cells that are considered the mediators of metastasis via blood stream. Analysis circulating and cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in liquid biopsies, mostly taken from peripheral blood, have emerged as powerful biomarkers oncology, they enable detection genomic aberrations. Similarly, biopsies pregnant women serve prenatal screening test for an abnormal number chromosomes fetus, e.g., analysis microchimeric fetal cfDNA maternal blood. Liquid minimally invasive and, consequently, associated with reduced risks patients. However, different challenges arise oncology pregnancy-acquired regard to analyte concentration biological (background) noise among other factors. In this review, we highlight unique properties tumor (CTC), summarize various techniques been developed enrichment, CTCs well genetic epigenetic aberrations range possible clinical applications. Lastly, potential, but also their translational value microchimerism discussed.

Language: Английский

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Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) in pancreatic cancer progression and diagnosis

Journal of Controlled Release, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 380, P. 269 - 282

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Language: Английский

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