Gluten-free diet affects fecal small non-coding RNA profiles and microbiome composition in celiac disease supporting a host-gut microbiota crosstalk

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 7, 2023

Current treatment for celiac disease (CD) is adhering to a gluten-free diet (GFD), although its long-term molecular effects are still undescribed. New features detectable in stool may improve and facilitate noninvasive clinical management of CD. For this purpose, fecal small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) gut microbiome profiles were concomitantly explored CD subjects relation strict (or not) GFD adherence over time. In observational study, we performed RNA shotgun metagenomic sequencing from 63 treated (tCD) 3 untreated as well 66 sex- age-matched healthy controls. tCD included 51 individuals on with negative transglutaminase (TG) serology (tCD-TG-) 12 symptomatic not strict/short-time positive TG (tCD-TG+). Samples additional 40 adult cohort 19 pediatric sex/age matched controls analyzed further test the outcomes. Several miRNA microbial altered (adj. p < .05). Findings validated external group tCD-TG-, duration correlated five levels (p .05): miR-4533-3p miR-2681-3p, longer adherence, less expression differed tCD-TG+ patients showed similar dysregulation. Immune-response, trans-membrane transport cell death pathways enriched targets identified miRNAs. Bifidobacterium longum, Ruminococcus bicirculans, Haemophilus parainfluenzae abundances shifted .05) progressive reduction denitrification length. Integrative analysis highlighted 121 miRNA-bacterial relationships Specific patterns characterize subjects, reflecting either or inflammatory status, case adherence. Our findings suggest novel host-microbial interplays could help discovery biomarkers monitoring

Language: Английский

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Enterochromaffin Cells–Gut Microbiota Crosstalk: Underpinning the Symptoms, Pathogenesis, and Pharmacotherapy in Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction

Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(3), P. 357 - 375

Published: June 20, 2022

Other SectionsAbstractIntroductionCurrent Challenges of Disorders Gut-Brain InteractionsGastrointestinal Cells Dynamics in Gut Health and InteractionsEnterochromaffin Mediating PhysiologyEnterochromaffin Pathophysiology Mechanisms InteractionsPathophysiology-directed Therapeutic Approach for InteractionsConclusion Further DirectionsFinancial supportConflicts interestAuthor contributionsReferences

Language: Английский

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Postinfection Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Gut and Liver, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 331 - 340

Published: Nov. 18, 2021

Following acute gastroenteritis (AGE) due to bacteria, viruses, or protozoa, a subset of patients develop new onset Rome criteria positive irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), called postinfection IBS (PI-IBS). The pooled prevalence PI-IBS following AGE was 11.5%. is the best natural model that suggests with may have an organic basis. Several factors are associated greater risk development including female sex, younger age, smoking, severity AGE, abdominal pain, bleeding per rectum, treatment antibiotics, anxiety, depression, somatization, neuroticism, recent adverse life events, hypochondriasis, extroversion, negative illness beliefs, history stress, sleep disturbance, and family functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), currently disorder gut-brain interaction. Most present either diarrhea-predominant mixed subtype IBS, overlap other FGIDs, such as dyspepsia common. drugs used treat non-constipation also be useful in treatment. Since randomized controlled trials on efficacy rare, more studies needed this issue.

Language: Английский

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Functional Implications and Clinical Potential of MicroRNAs in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Concise Review

Digestive Diseases and Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 68(1), P. 38 - 53

Published: May 4, 2022

Language: Английский

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A Tritordeum-Based Diet for Female Patients with Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Effects on Abdominal Bloating and Psychological Symptoms

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 1361 - 1361

Published: March 10, 2023

Most female patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) complain of abdominal bloating rather than pain and diarrhea. The higher incidence in women could be due to the so-called dysfunctional gas handling. Since diet seems most effective durable strategy for managing IBS symptoms, we aimed evaluate effects a 12 week based on relatively new cereal, Tritordeum (TBD), gastrointestinal (GI) anthropometric bioelectrical impedance parameters, psychological profiles 18 diarrhea-predominant (IBS-D) as dominant symptom. Severity Scoring System (IBS-SSS), Symptom Checklist-90 Revised, Italian version 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, IBS-Quality Life questionnaire were administered. TBD reduces IBS-SSS "Intensity bloating" concomitant improvement profile. No correlation was found between "Abdominal circumference". Anxiety, depression, somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, phobic avoidance manifestations significantly reduced after TBD. Lastly, anxiety correlated bloating". Overall, these results suggest possibility lowering improving profile IBS-D using an alternative grain such Tritordeum.

Language: Английский

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A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial: Efficacy of Opuntia ficus-indica Prebiotic Supplementation in Subjects with Gut Dysbiosis

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 586 - 586

Published: Feb. 21, 2024

Gut dysbiosis refers to an imbalance in gut microbiota composition and function.

Language: Английский

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Epidemiology of Disorders of the Gut-Brain Interaction: An Appraisal of the Rome IV Criteria and Beyond

Gut and Liver, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(4), P. 578 - 592

Published: April 29, 2024

Disorders of the gut-brain interaction (DGBIs) are presently classified into mutually exclusive anatomical area-related symptom-based categories according to Rome IV criteria. The pathophysiology visceral nociception, which contributes wide range symptoms DGBIs, involves complex psychobiological processes arising from bidirectional interactions multiple systems at gut and brain levels, affect symptom expression illness behaviors. attitude toward an pain bowel habit vary across cultures with variable interpretation based on sociocultural beliefs, may not tally medical definitions. Thus, psychological factors impact DGBI definitions, their severity health care utilization. Due poor localization multisegment referral pain, site correspond affected segment, there be a degree overlap among symptoms. somewhat restrictively defined criteria assume one-to-one correlation underlying ignore overlapping nonstandardized categories, change or shift in category over time. microorganic nature DGBIs resulting systemic, metabolic motility disorders, dysbiosis inflammation addressed Although is multidimensional clinical profile that does address these factors, it followed rigorously practice. Threshold changes for diagnostic addition/deletion leads variation different uncertain comparability results. excellent research studies therapeutic trials homogenous populations, further improvement needed wider applicability

Language: Английский

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The Latest Data Concerning the Etiology and Pathogenesis of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(17), P. 5124 - 5124

Published: Aug. 29, 2024

Globally, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is present in approximately 10% of the population. While this condition does not pose a risk complications, it has substantial impact on patient’s quality life. Moreover, disease significant financial healthcare systems. This includes direct costs associated with diagnosis and treatment these patients, as well indirect that arise from work absenteeism reduced productivity. In light data, recent research focused elucidating pathophysiological basis order to improve life for affected individuals. Despite extensive date, we still do fully understand precise mechanisms underlying IBS. Numerous studies have demonstrated involvement gut–brain axis, visceral hypersensitivity, gastrointestinal dysmotility, gut microbiota dysbiosis, food allergies intolerances, low-grade mucosal inflammation, genetic factors, psychosocial factors. The acquisition new data crucial advancement optimal therapeutic approaches aimed at enhancing general health patients while simultaneously reducing burden ailment.

Language: Английский

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Dairy Consumption and the Colonic Mucosa-Associated Gut Microbiota in Humans—A Preliminary Investigation

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 567 - 567

Published: Feb. 2, 2025

Background: Dairy consumption has been associated with various health outcomes that may be mediated by changes in gut microbiota. Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated the association between colonic mucosa-associated microbiota and self-reported intake of total dairy, milk, cheese, yogurt. A 97 mucosal biopsies collected from 34 polyp-free individuals were analyzed. past year was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. The 16S rRNA gene V4 region amplified sequenced. Operational taxonomic unit (OTU) classification performed UPARSE SILVA databases. OTU diversity relative abundance compared lower vs. higher dairy groups. Multivariable negative binomial regression models for panel data used to estimate incidence rate ratio 95% confidence interval bacterial counts consumption. False discovery rate-adjusted p values (q value) < 0.05 indicated statistical significance. Results: Higher milk cheese alpha microbial (adjusted 0.05). also Faecalibacterium. Akkermansia. Bacteroides. Conclusions: influence host modulating structure composition adherent

Language: Английский

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Gut dysbiosis: causes and prevention strategies

Annals of Animal Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 15, 2025

Abstract Gut dysbiosis in poultry presents a major challenge, requiring comprehensive approach to sustain optimal gut health and ensure animal welfare. This review emphasizes the importance of integrated management practices explores alternatives antibiotics, including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, phytogenic compounds, medicinal plants, organic acids. Additionally, it advocates tailored nutritional strategies specific broiler strains highlights potential advanced biotechnologies for nutrition management. Maintaining effective is essential not only welfare but also economic sustainability farming. Given implications antibiotic use human health, “One Health” critical recognizing interconnection between animal, human, environmental health. Research should prioritize understanding host-microbiome interactions, developing innovative therapies, enhancing diagnostic tools early detection intervention dysbiosis. Addressing this complex issue requires collaboration among researchers, veterinarians, feed manufacturers, producers create sustainable solutions that improve production efficiency, while reducing reliance on antibiotics. Implementing holistic strategy encompasses various aspects The industry can mitigate adverse effects promote overall chickens.

Language: Английский

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