Journal of Traumatic Stress,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
37(3), P. 361 - 371
Published: Jan. 25, 2024
Research
on
trauma
exposure
and
its
consequences
has
made
tremendous
progress
in
elucidating
the
role
of
traumatic
life
events
development
maintenance
psychopathology
as
well
evaluating
interventions
aimed
at
addressing
personal
public
burden
trauma-related
psychopathology.
However,
there
is
growing
concern
that
problems
with
predominant
definitions
posttraumatic
syndrome
(e.g.,
content
coverage
scope,
within-category
heterogeneity,
excessive
diagnostic
comorbidity)
limit
further
efforts
to
fully
conceptualize
deliver
appropriate,
personalized
interventions.
As
demonstrated
by
an
impressive
body
research
over
past
several
years,
Hierarchical
Taxonomy
Psychopathology
(HiTOP)
presents
a
compelling
alternative
traditional
nosologies
terms
empirically
based
characterizations
phenotypes,
evidence
strong
utility
for
clinical
applications.
HiTOP's
primary
focus
descriptive
resulted
unacceptable
gap
regarding
conceptualization
from
dimensional,
transdiagnostic
perspective.
We
see
important
opportunity
clarify
what
HiTOP
can
offer
field
stress
articulate
future
within
HiTOP.
argue
disaggregating
symptoms
their
purported
causes
and,
instead,
developing
detailed
taxonomy
alongside
ever-evolving
model.
Doing
so
will
help
identify
phenotypes
(a)
go
beyond
PTSD
criterion
sets
(b)
allow
possibility
different
features
experiences
type,
duration,
subjective
meaning)
may
be
associated
symptom
sequelae
across
spectra.
World Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
21(3), P. 393 - 414
Published: Sept. 8, 2022
Psychiatry
has
always
been
characterized
by
a
range
of
different
models
and
approaches
to
mental
disorder,
which
have
sometimes
brought
progress
in
clinical
practice,
but
often
also
accompanied
critique
from
within
without
the
field.
Psychiatric
nosology
particular
focus
debate
recent
decades;
successive
editions
DSM
ICD
strongly
influenced
both
psychiatric
practice
research,
led
assertions
that
psychiatry
is
crisis,
advocacy
for
entirely
new
paradigms
diagnosis
assessment.
When
thinking
about
etiology,
many
researchers
currently
refer
biopsychosocial
model,
this
approach
received
significant
critique,
being
considered
some
observers
overly
eclectic
vague.
Despite
development
evidence-based
pharmacotherapies
psychotherapies,
current
evidence
points
treatment
gap
research-practice
health.
In
paper,
after
considering
we
discuss
proposed
novel
perspectives
recently
achieved
prominence
may
significantly
impact
research
future:
neuroscience
personalized
pharmacotherapy;
statistical
nosology,
assessment
research;
deinstitutionalization
community
health
care;
scale-up
psychotherapy;
digital
phenotyping
therapies;
global
task-sharing
approaches.
We
consider
extent
transitions
practices
reflect
hype
or
hope.
Our
review
indicates
each
contributes
important
insights
allow
hope
future,
provides
only
partial
view,
any
promise
paradigm
shift
field
not
well
grounded.
conclude
there
crucial
advances
that,
despite
progress,
considerable
need
further
improvements
intervention;
such
will
likely
be
specific
shifts
rather
incremental
iterative
integration.
Psychological Medicine,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
52(9), P. 1666 - 1678
Published: June 2, 2022
Abstract
The
Hierarchical
Taxonomy
of
Psychopathology
(HiTOP)
has
emerged
out
the
quantitative
approach
to
psychiatric
nosology.
This
identifies
psychopathology
constructs
based
on
patterns
co-variation
among
signs
and
symptoms.
initial
HiTOP
model,
which
was
published
in
2017,
is
a
large
literature
that
spans
decades
research.
living
model
undergoes
revision
as
new
data
become
available.
Here
we
discuss
advantages
practical
considerations
using
this
system
practice
We
especially
highlight
limitations
ongoing
efforts
address
them.
describe
differences
similarities
between
existing
diagnostic
systems.
Next,
review
types
evidence
informed
development
HiTOP,
including
populations
it
been
studied
its
validity.
paper
also
describes
how
can
facilitate
research
genetic
environmental
causes
well
search
for
neurobiologic
mechanisms
novel
treatments.
Furthermore,
consider
implications
public
health
programs
prevention
mental
disorders.
clinical
utility
illustrate
application
HiTOP.
Importantly,
measures
practices
are
already
used
widely
settings.
offers
way
organize
formalize
these
techniques.
contribute
progress
psychiatry
complement
traditional
nosologies.
Moreover,
seeks
linkages
phenotypes
biological
processes,
may
enable
construction
encompasses
both
biomarkers
precise
description.
World Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
22(1), P. 129 - 149
Published: Jan. 14, 2023
Neurodevelopmental
disorders
-
including
attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder
(ADHD),
autism
spectrum
disorder,
communication
disorders,
intellectual
disability,
motor
specific
learning
and
tic
manifest
themselves
early
in
development.
Valid,
reliable
broadly
usable
biomarkers
supporting
a
timely
diagnosis
of
these
would
be
highly
relevant
from
clinical
public
health
standpoint.
We
conducted
the
first
systematic
review
studies
on
candidate
diagnostic
for
children
adolescents.
searched
Medline
Embase
+
Classic
with
terms
relating
to
until
April
6,
2022,
additional
targeted
searches
genome-wide
association
(GWAS)
neuroimaging
or
neurophysiological
carried
out
by
international
consortia.
considered
biomarker
as
promising
if
it
was
reported
at
least
two
independent
providing
evidence
sensitivity
specificity
80%.
After
screening
10,625
references,
we
retained
780
(374
biochemical,
203
neuroimaging,
133
65
neuropsychological
studies,
five
GWAS),
total
approximately
120,000
cases
176,000
controls.
While
majority
focused
simply
associations,
could
not
find
any
which
there
more
research
groups,
results
going
into
same
direction
Other
important
metrics
assess
validity
biomarker,
such
positive
predictive
value
negative
value,
were
infrequently
reported.
Limitations
currently
available
include
mostly
small
sample
size,
heterogeneous
approaches
targets,
undue
focus
single
instead
joint
signatures,
incomplete
accounting
potential
confounding
factors.
Future
multivariable
multi-level
may
best
suited
valid
biomarkers,
will
then
need
validated
external,
samples
then,
importantly,
tested
feasibility
cost-effectiveness,
before
they
can
implemented
daily
practice.
World Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
22(1), P. 48 - 74
Published: Jan. 14, 2023
Despite
considerable
progress
in
pharmacotherapy
over
the
past
seven
decades,
many
mental
disorders
remain
insufficiently
treated.
This
situation
is
part
due
to
limited
knowledge
of
pathophysiology
these
and
lack
biological
markers
stratify
individualize
patient
selection,
but
also
a
still
restricted
number
mechanisms
action
being
targeted
monotherapy
or
combination/augmentation
treatment,
as
well
variety
challenges
threatening
successful
development
testing
new
drugs.
In
this
paper,
we
first
provide
an
overview
most
promising
drugs
with
innovative
that
are
undergoing
phase
2
3
for
schizophrenia,
bipolar
disorder,
major
depressive
anxiety
trauma‐related
disorders,
substance
use
dementia.
Promising
repurposing
established
medications
psychiatric
indications,
variations
modulation
dopamine,
noradrenaline
serotonin
receptor
functioning,
considered.
We
then
critically
discuss
clinical
trial
parameters
need
be
considered
depth
when
developing
pharmacological
agents
treatment
disorders.
Hurdles
perils
success
drug
include
inadequacy
imprecision
inclusion/exclusion
criteria
ratings,
sub‐optimally
suited
participants,
multiple
factors
contributing
large/increasing
placebo
effect,
problems
statistical
analyses.
information
should
order
de‐risk
programmes
novel
known
increasing
their
chances
success.
Journal of Psychosomatic Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
181, P. 111608 - 111608
Published: Feb. 12, 2024
Current
diagnostic
concepts
of
somatic
symptom
disorder
(SSD)
in
DSM-5
and
bodily
distress
(BDD)
ICD-11
require
certain
psychological
criteria,
but
researchers
have
called
for
further
specification.
Therefore,
a
first
step,
this
systematic
review
meta-analysis
aimed
to
summarize
the
current
evidence
on
factors
associated
with
SSD/BDD
and/or
disorder-relevant
clinical
outcomes
such
as
severity
impairment.
Psychological
were
systematically
searched
using
Pubmed,
Cochrane
Library
Psycinfo
via
EBSCO.
Studies
providing
original
data
English
or
German,
after
2009
included.
Cross-sectional,
cohort
case-control
studies
investigating
at
least
one
factor
individuals
context
Forty-three
eligible
(n
=
3760
patients)
SSD
(none
BDD)
provided
factor,
37
format,
10
cross-sectional
5
longitudinal.
Meta-analyses
found
patients
be
more
impaired
by
depression
(SMD
1.80),
anxiety
1.55),
health
1.31)
alexithymia
1.39),
compared
healthy
controls.
Longitudinal
results
are
scarce,
mixed,
refining,
individual
suggest
self-concept
weakness,
predictive
persistent
physical
functioning.
This
provides
detailed
overview
relation
SSD/BDD.
Future
BDD
should
include
under-studied
factors,
negative
affect,
fear
avoidance,
emotion
regulation.
More
longitudinal
needed
assess
value
these
factors.
Clinical Psychological Science,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
10(2), P. 236 - 258
Published: June 23, 2021
Mental
health
research
is
at
an
important
crossroads
as
the
field
seeks
more
reliable
and
valid
phenotypes
to
study.
Dimensional
approaches
quantifying
mental
illness
operate
outside
confines
of
traditional
categorical
diagnoses,
they
are
gaining
traction
a
way
advance
on
causes
consequences
illness.
The
Hierarchical
Taxonomy
Psychopathology
(HiTOP)
leading
dimensional
paradigm
that
synthesizes
decades
data
major
dimensions
psychological
disorders.
In
this
article,
we
demonstrate
how
use
HiTOP
model
formulate
test
questions
through
series
tutorials.
To
boost
accessibility,
annotated
code
for
each
tutorial
included
OSF
(https://osf.io/8myzw).
After
presenting
tutorials,
outline
investigators
can
these
ideas
tools
generate
new
insights
in
their
own
substantive
programs.
