Scientists' warning on invasive alien species

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 95(6), P. 1511 - 1534

Published: June 25, 2020

ABSTRACT Biological invasions are a global consequence of an increasingly connected world and the rise in human population size. The numbers invasive alien species – subset that spread widely areas where they not native, affecting environment or livelihoods increasing. Synergies with other changes exacerbating current facilitating new ones, thereby escalating extent impacts invaders. Invasions have complex often immense long‐term direct indirect impacts. In many cases, such become apparent problematic only when invaders well established large ranges. Invasive break down biogeographic realms, affect native richness abundance, increase risk extinction, genetic composition populations, change animal behaviour, alter phylogenetic diversity across communities, modify trophic networks. Many also ecosystem functioning delivery services by altering nutrient contaminant cycling, hydrology, habitat structure, disturbance regimes. These biodiversity accelerating will further future. Scientific evidence has identified policy strategies to reduce future invasions, but these insufficiently implemented. For some nations, notably Australia New Zealand, biosecurity national priority. There been successes, as eradication rats cats on islands biological control weeds continental areas. However, countries, receive little attention. Improved international cooperation is crucial biodiversity, services, livelihoods. Countries can strengthen their regulations implement enforce more effective management should address interact invasions.

Language: Английский

---

The changing role of ornamental horticulture in alien plant invasions

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 93(3), P. 1421 - 1437

Published: March 5, 2018

The number of alien plants escaping from cultivation into native ecosystems is increasing steadily. We provide an overview the historical, contemporary and potential future roles ornamental horticulture in plant invasions. show that currently at least 75% 93% global naturalised flora grown domestic botanical gardens, respectively. Species gardens also have a larger range than those are not. After Middle Ages, particularly 18th 19th centuries, trade network emerged. Since then, cultivated species started to appear wild more frequently non-cultivated aliens globally, during century. Horticulture still plays prominent role current introduction, monetary value live-plant imports different parts world steadily increasing. Historically, - important component played major displaying, cultivating distributing new discoveries. While horticultural supply chain has declined, they significant link, with one-third institutions involved retail-plant sales research. However, become dependent on commercial nurseries as sources, North America. Plants selected for purposes not random selection flora, some characteristics promoted through horticulture, such fast growth, promote invasion. Efforts breed non-invasive cultivars rare. Socio-economical, technological, environmental changes will lead novel patterns introductions invasion opportunities already cultivated. describe could play mediating these changes. identify research challenges, call efforts past This required develop science-based regulatory frameworks prevent further

Language: Английский

---

Understanding the dynamics in distribution of invasive alien plant species under predicted climate change in Western Himalaya

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. e0195752 - e0195752

Published: April 17, 2018

Invasive alien plant species (IAPS) can pose severe threats to biodiversity and stability of native ecosystems, therefore, predicting the distribution IAPS plays a crucial role in effective planning management ecosystems. In present study, we use Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) modelling approach predict potential eleven under future climatic conditions RCP 2.6 8.5 part Kailash sacred landscape region Western Himalaya. Based on model predictions, most these invasive plants is expected expand scenarios, which might serious threat ecosystems through competition for resources study area. Native scrublands subtropical needle-leaved forests will be affected by expansion IAPS. The first its kind Sacred Landscape field predictions from our could help decision makers managing forest effectively.

Language: Английский

---

Rapid upwards spread of non-native plants in mountains across continents

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(3), P. 405 - 413

Published: Jan. 26, 2023

Abstract High-elevation ecosystems are among the few worldwide that not yet heavily invaded by non-native plants. This is expected to change as species expand their range limits upwards fill climatic niches and respond ongoing anthropogenic disturbances. Yet, whether how quickly these changes happening has only been assessed in a isolated cases. Starting 2007, we conducted repeated surveys of plant distributions along mountain roads 11 regions from 5 continents. We show over 5- 10-year period, number increased on average approximately 16% per decade across regions. The direction magnitude upper limit shifts depended elevation all Supported null-model approach accounting for chance alone, found greater than upward at lower/mid elevations least seven After dependence, significant were detected further three (revealing evidence 10 regions). Together, our results environments becoming increasingly exposed biological invasions, emphasizing need monitor prevent potential biosecurity issues emerging high-elevation ecosystems.

Language: Английский

---

Invasive alien plant species dynamics in the Himalayan region under climate change

AMBIO, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 47(6), P. 697 - 710

Published: Jan. 25, 2018

Language: Английский

---

Effects of climate change on alpine plants and their pollinators

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 1469(1), P. 26 - 37

Published: April 26, 2019

Abstract Alpine environments are among the habitats most strongly affected by climate change, and consequently their unique plants pollinators faced with challenge of adapting or going extinct. Changes in temperature precipitation affect snowpack snowmelt, resulting changes growing season this environment where plant growth pollinator activity constrained to snow‐free season, which can vary significantly across landscape if there is significant topographic complexity. As other ecosystems, phenology not uniform species, creating potential for altered new interspecific interactions. New animal species arriving as lower altitude move up warming temperatures, introducing competitors generating plant–pollinator Repeating historical surveys, taking advantage museum collections, using technology will facilitate our understanding how responding changing alpine environment.

Language: Английский

---

Invasion syndromes: a systematic approach for predicting biological invasions and facilitating effective management

Biological Invasions, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 22(5), P. 1801 - 1820

Published: March 2, 2020

Abstract Our ability to predict invasions has been hindered by the seemingly idiosyncratic context-dependency of individual invasions. However, we argue that robust and useful generalisations in invasion science can be made considering “invasion syndromes” which define as “a combination pathways, alien species traits, characteristics recipient ecosystem collectively result predictable dynamics impacts, managed effectively using specific policy management actions”. We describe this approach outline examples highlight its utility, including: cacti with clonal fragmentation arid ecosystems; small aquatic organisms introduced through ballast water harbours; large ranid frogs frequent secondary transfers; piscivorous freshwater fishes connected plant high-elevation areas; tall-statured grasses; tree-feeding insects forests suitable hosts. propose a systematic method for identifying delimiting syndromes. syndromes account biological while incorporating insights from comparative studies. Adopting will help structure thinking, identify transferrable risk assessment lessons, similarities among events were previously considered disparate phenomena.

Language: Английский

---

The role of adaptive strategies in plant naturalization

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 21(9), P. 1380 - 1389

Published: July 5, 2018

Abstract Determining the factors associated with naturalization of alien species is a central theme in ecology. Here, we tested usefulness metric for quantifying Grime's seminal concept adaptive strategies – competitors, stress‐tolerators and ruderals ( CSR ) to explain plant naturalizations worldwide. Using global dataset 3004 vascular species, accounting phylogenetic relatedness species’ native biomes, assessed associations between calculated C‐, S‐ R‐scores success exhibiting different life forms. Across forms, C‐scores were positively S‐scores negatively both probability number regions where has naturalized. had positive effects on naturalization. These scores were, however, weak absent tree species. Our findings demonstrate utility ‐score calculation broadly represent, potentially explain,

Language: Английский

---

Invasive grasses: A new perfect storm for forested ecosystems?

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 463, P. 117985 - 117985

Published: March 10, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Running off the road: roadside non-native plants invading mountain vegetation

Biological Invasions, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 20(12), P. 3461 - 3473

Published: June 27, 2018

Language: Английский

---