Enhancing the rate of genetic gain in public-sector plant breeding programs: lessons from the breeder’s equation

Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 132(3), P. 627 - 645

Published: March 1, 2019

The integration of new technologies into public plant breeding programs can make a powerful step change in agricultural productivity when aligned with principles quantitative and Mendelian genetics. breeder's equation is the foundational application genetics to crop improvement. Guided by variables that describe response selection, emerging effectiveness programs. most promising innovations for increasing rate genetic gain without greatly program size appear be related reducing cycle time, which likely require implementation parent selection on non-inbred progeny, rapid generation advance, genomic selection. These are complex processes will organizations adopt culture continuous optimization To enable this, research managers need consider proactively manage the, accountability, strategy, resource allocations teams. This must combined thoughtful management elite variation clear separation between parental process product development advancement process. With an abundance available, teams evaluate carefully impact any technology intensity, accuracy, length relative its cost deployment. Finally data systems well designed support decisions novel approaches accelerate cycles routinely evaluated deployed.

Language: Английский

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Marker-free carotenoid-enriched rice generated through targeted gene insertion using CRISPR-Cas9

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: March 4, 2020

Targeted insertion of transgenes at pre-determined plant genomic safe harbors provides a desirable alternative to insertions random sites achieved through conventional methods. Most existing cases targeted gene in plants have either relied on the presence selectable marker cassette or occurred low frequency with relatively small DNA fragments (<1.8 kb). Here, we report use an optimized CRISPR-Cas9-based method achieve 5.2 kb carotenoid biosynthesis two rice. We obtain marker-free rice high content seeds and no detectable penalty morphology yield. Whole-genome sequencing reveals absence off-target mutations by Cas9 engineered plants. These results demonstrate using CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing, offer promising strategy for genetic improvement other crops.

Language: Английский

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Engineering salinity tolerance in plants: progress and prospects

Planta, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 251(4)

Published: March 9, 2020

Language: Английский

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Climate change challenges, plant science solutions

The Plant Cell, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 35(1), P. 24 - 66

Published: Oct. 12, 2022

Climate change is a defining challenge of the 21st century, and this decade critical time for action to mitigate worst effects on human populations ecosystems. Plant science can play an important role in developing crops with enhanced resilience harsh conditions (e.g. heat, drought, salt stress, flooding, disease outbreaks) engineering efficient carbon-capturing carbon-sequestering plants. Here, we present examples research being conducted these areas discuss challenges open questions as call plant community.

Language: Английский

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New approaches to improve crop tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 174(1)

Published: Sept. 4, 2021

During the last years, a great effort has been dedicated at development and employment of diverse approaches for achieving more stress-tolerant climate-flexible crops sustainable yield increases to meet food energy demands future. The ongoing climate change is in fact leading frequent extreme events with negative impact on production, such as increased temperatures, drought, soil salinization well invasive arthropod pests diseases. In this review, "green strategies" (e.g., chemical priming, root-associated microorganisms), advanced technologies genome editing, high-throughput phenotyping) are described basis most recent research evidence. Particularly, attention focused potential use context climate-smart agriculture (the so called "next generation") improve plant tolerance resilience abiotic biotic stresses. addition, gap between results obtained controlled experiments those from application these real field conditions (lab step) also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Features and applications of haplotypes in crop breeding

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: Nov. 4, 2021

Abstract Climate change with altered pest-disease dynamics and rising abiotic stresses threatens resource-constrained agricultural production systems worldwide. Genomics-assisted breeding (GAB) approaches have greatly contributed to enhancing crop efficiency delivering better varieties. Fast-growing capacity affordability of DNA sequencing has motivated large-scale germplasm projects, thus opening exciting avenues for mining haplotypes applications. This review article highlights ways mine apply them complex trait dissection in GAB including haplotype-GWAS, haplotype-based breeding, haplotype-assisted genomic selection. Improvement strategies that efficiently deploy superior hasten progress will be key safeguarding global food security.

Language: Английский

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Meta-QTLs, ortho-meta-QTLs and candidate genes for grain yield and associated traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 135(3), P. 1049 - 1081

Published: Jan. 5, 2022

Language: Английский

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Enhancing Resource Use Efficiency in Crops Through Plant Functional Traits

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

In the scenarios of global challenges such as climate change, burgeoning populations, limited agriculture resources, food security, etc., enhancing resource use efficiency in crops becomes a crucial need for sustainable agriculture. This chapter explores potential role plant functional traits (PFTs) augmenting and facilitating crop adaptation amid aforementioned challenges. We emphasize complex interactions between their influence on crops' efficiency. various traits, physiological, morphological, root architecture, biochemical, molecular, which govern plant's ability to harness soil (water, nutrients) atmospheric (sunlight) resources. Further, this paves direction develop climate-resilient varieties capable maintaining productivity under changing environmental conditions by exploring PFTs stress tolerance adaptability. not only highlights intrinsic but also emphasizes capacity transform agricultural practices face challenges, fostering resilient future. insight may benefit academicians researchers developing efficient acquisition utilization ensure security achieve development goals.

Language: Английский

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Photosynthesis in a Changing Global Climate: Scaling Up and Scaling Down in Crops

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: July 6, 2020

Photosynthesis is the major process leading to primary production in Biosphere. There a total of 7000bn tons CO2 atmosphere and photosynthesis fixes more than 100bn annually. The assimilated by photosynthetic apparatus basis crop and, therefore, animal human food. This has led renewed interest as target increase plant there now increasing evidence showing that strategy improving traits can yield. However, are both conditioned environmental variables such water availability, temperature, [CO2], salinity, ozone. "omics" revolution allowed better understanding genetic mechanisms regulating stress responses including identification genes proteins involved regulation, acclimation, adaptation processes impact photosynthesis. development novel non-destructive high-throughput phenotyping techniques been important monitor changing conditions. wealth data being incorporated into new modeling algorithms predict growth under specific constraints. review gives multi-perspective description conditions on performance consequently briefly highlighting how technological advances omics, measurements, metabolic engineering, whole have helped improve our machinery be modified different abiotic stresses thus production.

Language: Английский

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A Revolution toward Gene-Editing Technology and Its Application to Crop Improvement

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(16), P. 5665 - 5665

Published: Aug. 7, 2020

Genome editing is a relevant, versatile, and preferred tool for crop improvement, as well functional genomics. In this review, we summarize the advances in gene-editing techniques, such zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like (TAL) effector (TALENs), clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) associated with Cas9 Cpf1 proteins. These tools support great opportunities future development of plant science rapid remodeling crops. Furthermore, discuss brief history each provide their comparison different applications. Among various genome-editing tools, CRISPR has become most popular; hence, it discussed greatest detail. helped clarify genomic structure its role plants: For example, transcriptional control Cpf1, genetic locus monitoring, mechanism promoter activity, alteration detection epigenetic behavior between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) investigated based on traits related genome-wide studies. The present review describes how CRISPR/Cas9 systems can play valuable characterization rearrangement gene functions, improvement important field crops precision. addition, speed strategy gene-family members was introduced to accelerate applications improvement. this, technology advantage that particularly holds scientist’s mind, allows genome multiple biological systems.

Language: Английский

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