Exercise/Physical Activity in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: A Consensus Statement from the American College of Sports Medicine

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 54(2), P. 353 - 368

Published: Jan. 14, 2022

This consensus statement is an update of the 2010 American College Sports Medicine position stand on exercise and type 2 diabetes. Since then, a substantial amount research select topics in individuals various ages with diabetes has been published while prevalence continued to expand worldwide. provides brief summary current evidence extends updates prior recommendations. The document expanded include physical activity, broader, more comprehensive definition human movement than planned exercise, reducing sedentary time. Various types activity enhance health glycemic management people diabetes, including flexibility balance importance each recommended or mode are discussed. In general, 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans apply all few exceptions modifications. People should engage regularly be encouraged reduce time break up sitting frequent breaks. Any activities undertaken acute chronic complications related may require accommodations ensure safe effective participation. Other addressed timing maximize its glucose-lowering effects barriers inequities adoption maintenance.

Language: Английский

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Metabolic consequences of obesity and type 2 diabetes: Balancing genes and environment for personalized care

Cell, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 184(6), P. 1530 - 1544

Published: March 1, 2021

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes and obesity has risen dramatically for decades is expected to rise further, secondary the growing aging, sedentary population. strain on global health care projected be colossal. This review explores latest work emerging ideas related genetic environmental factors influencing metabolism. Translational research clinical applications, including impact COVID-19 pandemic, are highlighted. Looking forward, strategies personalize all aspects prevention, management necessary improve outcomes reduce these metabolic diseases.

Language: Английский

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Effects of Diet, Lifestyle, Chrononutrition and Alternative Dietary Interventions on Postprandial Glycemia and Insulin Resistance

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 823 - 823

Published: Feb. 16, 2022

As years progress, we are found more often in a postprandial than postabsorptive state. Chrononutrition is an integral part of metabolism, pancreatic function, and hormone secretion. Eating most calories carbohydrates at lunch time early afternoon, avoiding late evening dinner, keeping consistent number daily meals relative times eating occasions seem to play pivotal role for glycemia insulin sensitivity. Sequence nutrients also significant role, as foods low density such vegetables, salads, or soups consumed first, followed by protein then starchy lead ameliorated glycemic responses. There several dietary schemes available, intermittent fasting regimes, which may improve Weight loss important the treatment resistance, it can be achieved many approaches, low-fat, low-carbohydrate, Mediterranean-style diets, etc. Lifestyle interventions with small weight (7-10%), 150 min weekly moderate intensity exercise behavioral therapy approach highly effective preventing treating type 2 diabetes. Similarly, decreasing improves significantly responses, but extent this reduction should individualized, patient-centered, monitored. Alternative ingredients, vinegar, yogurt, whey protein, peanuts tree nuts considered ameliorating hyperglycemia resistance. This review aims describe available evidence about effects diet, chrononutrition, alternative on

Language: Английский

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Exercise metabolism and adaptation in skeletal muscle

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(9), P. 607 - 632

Published: May 24, 2023

Language: Английский

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Chronobiology and Chronomedicine

Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 23, 2024

Circadian rhythms have been shown to be ubiquitous and critically important in the experimental laboratory, accounting for difference between life death response identical stimulus. The partly endogenous nature of circadian has well documented methods their characterisation developed enabling cellular molecular mechanisms understood. Chronobiology Chronomedicine aims provide a review these underlying illustrate role brain’s suprachiasmatic nuclei ‘pace-making’ process effects caused by ‘clock genes’ present almost all cells. Beyond involved, book discusses relationship body systems, disease, proper function; particular, how disruption rhythm is associated with ill health disease status from observations made at organismic level. organised an ideal introduction postgraduate various fields, reviewing developments outlining show depth breadth chronobiology chronomedicine, as invaluable companion researchers healthcare professionals working field interest developing novel therapeutic approaches.

Language: Английский

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Associations of timing of physical activity with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a prospective cohort study

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Feb. 18, 2023

There is a growing interest in the role of timing daily behaviors improving health. However, little known about optimal physical activity to maximize health benefits. We perform cohort study 92,139 UK Biobank participants with valid accelerometer data and all-cause cause-specific mortality outcomes, comprising over 7 years median follow-up (638,825 person-years). Moderate-to-vigorous intensity (MVPA) at any time day associated lower risks for all-cause, cardiovascular disease, cancer mortality. In addition, compared morning group (>50% MVPA during 05:00-11:00), midday-afternoon (11:00-17:00) mixed groups, but not evening (17:00-24:00), have disease These protective associations are more pronounced among elderly, males, less physically active participants, or those preexisting diseases. Here, we show that may potential improve public

Language: Английский

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Time-restricted eating and exercise training improve HbA1c and body composition in women with overweight/obesity: A randomized controlled trial

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(10), P. 1457 - 1471.e4

Published: Oct. 1, 2022

Diet modification and exercise training are primary lifestyle strategies for obesity management, but poor adherence rates limit their effectiveness. Time-restricted eating (TRE) high-intensity interval (HIIT) improve cardiometabolic health in at-risk individuals, whether these two interventions combined induce superior improvements glycemic control than each individual intervention is not known. In this four-armed randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04019860), we determined the isolated effects of 7 weeks TRE (≤10-h daily window, with ad libitum energy intake) HIIT (three sessions per week), compared a non-intervention group, on secondary outcomes 131 women (36.2 ± 6.2 years) overweight/obesity. There were no statistically significant after TRE, HIIT, or combination (TREHIIT) glucose area under curve during an oral tolerance test (the outcome) group (TRE, −26.3 mmol/L; 95% confidence [CI], −82.3 to 29.7, p = 0.36; −53.8 CI, −109.2 1.6, 0.057; TREHIIT, −41.3 −96.4 13.8, 0.14). However, TREHIIT improved HbA1c induced reductions total visceral fat mass alone. High participant suggest that thereof may be realistic diet-exercise improving markers metabolic at risk disease.

Language: Английский

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The importance of exercise for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes

American Journal of Medicine Open, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9, P. 100031 - 100031

Published: Jan. 18, 2023

Exercise is a first-line therapy recommended for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Although moderate to vigorous exercise (e.g. 150 min/wk) often advised alongside diet and/or behavior modification, an independent treatment that can prevent, delay or reverse T2D. Habitual exercise, consisting of aerobic, resistance their combination, fosters improved short- and long-term glycemic control. Recent work also shows high-intensity interval training successful at lowering blood glucose, as breaking up sedentary short-bouts light movement 3min). Interestingly, performing afternoon compared morning well post-meal versus pre-meal may yield slightly better benefit. Despite these efficacious benefits T2D care, optimal recommendations remain unclear when considering, dietary, medication, other behaviors.

Language: Английский

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Sex differences in sleep, circadian rhythms, and metabolism: Implications for precision medicine

Sleep Medicine Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 75, P. 101926 - 101926

Published: March 21, 2024

The number of individuals experiencing sleep loss has exponentially risen over the past decades. Extrapolation laboratory findings to real world suggests that females are more affected by extended wakefulness and circadian misalignment than males are. Therefore, long-term effects such as metabolism disorders likely be prevalent in males. Despite emerging evidence for sex differences key aspects sleep-wake regulation, much remains unknown, often underrepresented research. This brief communication is intended highlight 1) how systematically impinge on regulation humans, 2) factors modulate metabolism, 3) meaning these precision medicine. Ultimately, justify factoring when optimizing individually targeted interventions humans.

Language: Английский

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Circadian clocks in the digestive system

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(4), P. 239 - 251

Published: Feb. 2, 2021

Language: Английский

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