Mental health interventions for adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Aug. 11, 2022

Globally, adolescents are vulnerable to mental health problems, particularly those from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) due impoverished living conditions and a higher prevalence of chronic such as HIV/AIDS in the region. The COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated this risk. This calls for an urgent need evidence-based adolescent interventions reduce risk burden problems SSA. review aims identify characterize existing SSA, well evaluate their implementation strategies effectiveness.We systematically searched PubMed, African Index Medicus, PsycINFO, Web Science, CINAHL databases relevant articles. Furthermore, we gray literature databases, including Think Tank search, open gray, NGO search engine, IGO engine additional scoping was conducted original research articles on among published database inception 31 December 2021. We carried out narrative synthesis report our findings.Our generated 4,750 studies, which 1,141 were duplicates, 3,545 excluded after screening, 64 met inclusion criteria. studies describe total 57 unique comprising 40,072 adolescents. nature these diverse, encompassing various economic-based, family strengthening, psychoeducation, interpersonal psychotherapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, resilience training, others. Most selective that targeted at high developing with HIV, war-affected adolescents, orphans, poorer backgrounds, survivors sexual violence. Half delivered by lay persons. Sixty-two eligible examined effectiveness interventions, 55 them reported positive significant impact outcomes.The findings show there exist several diverse promote Africa. These can be implemented settings schools, communities, facilities, camps,

Language: Английский

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Mental health and wellbeing of further and higher education students returning to face-to-face learning after Covid-19 restrictions

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(1), P. e0280689 - e0280689

Published: Jan. 23, 2023

This study aimed to examine the mental health and wellbeing of further higher education students associating factors after returning face-to-face (in-person) learning Covid-19 restrictions.A cross-sectional informed by student consultations was conducted using a survey design. Mental were assessed self-report items on Depression, Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) Short Warwick-Edinburgh Wellbeing (SWEMWBS). Descriptive statistics stepwise multiple linear regression analyses data collected between December 2021 June 2022.N = 1160 participated; 69.6% 16 25 years, 67.9% studying in UK, 66.5% away from home, 60.2% identified as she/her, 59.8% at undergraduate degree level, 42.5% belonging non-White ethnic backgrounds, 29.6% identifying having additional needs 22.8% sexual minority. Moderate anxiety (M 13.67, SD 9.92) depression 17.04, 11.56) scores mainly reported. 20.31, 3.93) lower than estimate for pre-pandemic general population. Gender expression, sexuality, age, ethnicity, needs, level location associated with or wellbeing. Individual coping styles, levels self-efficacy physical activity also wellbeing.Many restrictions experienced reduced wellbeing, some greater risk. Providing student-centred interventions focusing self-efficacy, styles may help improve students.

Language: Английский

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Mental health and academic performance of college students: Knowledge in the field of mental health, self-control, and learning in college

Acta Psychologica, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 248, P. 104351 - 104351

Published: June 20, 2024

The aim of this research is to analyze the impact mental health on academic performance junior and senior students studying in a university setting during 2022-2023 year, post-COVID period. study was conducted Beijing, China, with participation 600 students, including 300 first-year fifth-year students. DASS (Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale) PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) questionnaires were employed measure health. assesses symptoms depression, anxiety, stress, while specifically evaluates depression severity. Academic evaluated using 12-point scale, which incorporated various criteria such as exam scores, coursework performance, extracurricular activities. across five faculties from 2022 2023. In study, demonstrated higher level compared an average score 27.1 24.2, respectively. Interestingly, despite this, achieved indicators, 8.2 9.8 Correlation analysis revealed significant associations between anxiety levels (stress: r = -0.25, p < 0.001; depression: -0.20, 0.003; anxiety: -0.18, 0.008). These findings highlight critical importance addressing students' well-being, particularly later years. Recommendations include implementing support programs developing online resources for

Language: Английский

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Comparison of the Performance of Machine Learning-based Algorithms for Predicting Depression and Anxiety among University Students in Bangladesh

Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(2), P. 75 - 84

Published: April 1, 2022

Introduction: The purpose of this research was to predict mental illness among university students using various machine learning (ML) algorithms. Methods: A structured questionnaire-based online survey conducted on 2121 (private and public) living in Bangladesh. After obtaining informed consent, the participants completed a web-based examining sociodemographic variables behavioral tests (including Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scale Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment-7 scale). This study applied six well-known ML algorithms, namely logistic regression, random forest (RF), support vector (SVM), linear discriminate analysis, K-nearest neighbors, Naïve Bayes, which were used from Dhaka city Results: Of eligible respondents, 45% male 55% female, approximately 76.9% 21–25 years old. prevalence severe depression anxiety higher for women than men. Based performance parameters, results accuracy assessment showed that RF outperformed other models prediction (89% accuracy), while SVM provided best result (91.49% accuracy). Conclusion: these findings, we recommend algorithm more moderate any health status Bangladesh (depression anxiety, respectively). Finally, proposes apply classification when is core interest.

Language: Английский

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The positive effects of parents’ education level on children’s mental health in Indonesia: a result of longitudinal survey

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: May 12, 2022

Abstract Background Mental health problems are associated with decreasing the quality of various aspects life. Cases mental (e.g., depressive symptoms) have increased continuously. Researchers predicted depression to be first cause world burden diseases in 2030. One determinant factors is parents’ education levels, but there been contradictory research findings. The current investigates effect parental attainment has on children’s health. Methods We used public data from two waves Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) conducted 2007 and 2014. There were 767 participants aged 15-19 years old ( M = 16.80, SD 1.37) 2007. All re-interviewed examined highest level formal 2014 find longitudinal effects. symptoms happiness as representative variables structural equation model (SEM) was examine hypothesis, we prioritized predictive testing over models’ goodness fit. built 12 models combinations sexes different independent variables. Results hypothesis showed effects that fathers’ daughters’ β −.203, p < 0.01), while mothers’ their −.163, 0.01) sons’ .096, ≤ 0.05) Testing influenced all .167, including both sons .206, daughters 149, 0.01). On contrary, no significant correlation found between across three categories participants. Conclusions general results this study levels health, associations through sexes.

Language: Английский

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Parental Involvement, Academic Self-Efficacy, and Depression on Academic Performance Among Chinese Students During COVID-19 Pandemic

Psychology Research and Behavior Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 17, P. 201 - 216

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Objective: This study was conducted to identify the factors (especially parental involvement, academic self-efficacy, and depression) associated with performance among Chinese K-12 students during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: cross-sectional used data from 2020 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). The CFPS July December A multistage probability sample proportional size for survey. final consisted of 1747 students. 14-item Parental Involvement Support Scale, Responsibility 8-item Center Epidemiologic Depression Scale measure depression, respectively. An ordered probit regression structural equation models were employed analyze performance. multiple imputation technique applied compute missing values in selected variables. Results: We found that involvement self-efficacy positively good In contrast, depression negatively Moreover, stress, male, rural residency, middle school, family size, high income, online gaming daily, reading, intelligence quotient statistically significant predictors on Conclusion: empirical findings suggested significantly However, These results showed policymakers practitioners can help improve success address educational inequalities by implementing a series reforms. Keywords: performance, K-12, pandemic,

Language: Английский

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An exploration of the Indonesian lay mental health workers’ (cadres) experiences in performing their roles in community mental health services: a qualitative study

International Journal of Mental Health Systems, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Jan. 17, 2024

Volunteers trained to support community mental health programs in Indonesia are known as 'mental cadres.' These lay people provide basic for with illness their local communities. The role of cadres services is promotion activities and illness, such home visits family assistance. Their contribution can potentially address the challenges currently face remote resource-limited settings. However, little about implementing this form workforce experiences particular. This study aimed explore experience when performing roles from cadres' perspective.

Language: Английский

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Determinants of academic achievement from the middle to secondary school education: A systematic review

Social Psychology of Education, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(6), P. 3533 - 3572

Published: July 22, 2024

Abstract Because it is crucial for psychosocial adjustment and lifelong learning, education the most relevant tool ensuring inclusion reducing inequalities. Due to its relationship with positive outcomes, such as life satisfaction, mental health, job performance or SES, academic achievement a significant phenomenon that impacts students, families, educational institutions. The present study sought contribute field by reviewing literature on determinants influence objective achievements of typical population middle- high-school students. Based PRISMA statement, search related studies was performed in WoS, EBSCO, PubMed databases, 771 published between 1930 2022 were identified. After screening based analysis abstracts, 35 met selection criteria. Bronfenbrenner ecological model served theoretical rationale organizing studies’ findings. results this review highlight following school achievement: (i) Personal factors—gender, personality traits, cognitive abilities background, motivation self-constructs, stress problem-solving strategies, substance use; (ii) Contextual microsystem factors—(a) Family—parental background; parenting practices interactions; parental involvement support; (b) School—school location; conditions, responsiveness, practices; (c) Peers—peer-group disagreement management. This systematic updates existing empirical evidence topic highlights complexity achievement.

Language: Английский

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The Impact of Community Mental Health Programs for Australian Youth: A Systematic Review

Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 573 - 590

Published: Feb. 16, 2022

Abstract Australia has undergone significant youth mental health reform over the past 10 years, leading to numerous studies examining effects of community-based care programs for Australian youth. However, no synthesis this literature currently exists. Therefore, systematic review aimed to: (1) describe types that have been delivered in years; and (2) examine their impact improving young people’s symptomology psychosocial functioning. A search peer-reviewed was conducted. Studies were included if they evaluated extent which such improved (e.g., depression, anxiety, substance use) and/or outcomes social functioning, school engagement, employment) aged 10–25 years. Thirty-seven included. Four identified: therapy ( n = 16), case management 9), integrated ‘one-stop-shop’ 6) lifestyle programs. The majority therapeutic effective reducing symptomology. Case approaches consistently yielded improvements both outcomes. Lifestyle alleviating depressive symptoms, but inconclusive other This provides support youth-friendly, systemic, multidisciplinary assertive outreach models community improve Australians experiencing concerns. Several recommendations future research are provided strengthen local evidence-base supporting ultimately enhance life trajectory.

Language: Английский

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Parental bonding, depression, and suicidal ideation in medical students

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Aug. 4, 2022

Background The psychological condition of university students has been the focus research since several years. In this population, prevalence rates depression, suicidal ideation, anxiety disorders and substance abuse are higher than those general medical more likely to have mental health issues other students. Aims This study deals with students, a on correlations between ideation quality perceived parenting style. Gender differences were also considered. Methods A cross-sectional was conducted population an online questionnaire consisting personal data sheet for demographic anamnestic data, three self-rating scales: Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), screening depressive symptoms; Hopelessness Scale (BHS), assess ideation; Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), investigate memory attitude one’s parents in first 16 years life. Two main affective dimensions considered by PBI: “care” (affection empathy) “protection” (intrusiveness, controlling constraint). Four different patterns styles so evidenced: Neglectful Parenting (low care/low protection), Affectionless Control care/high Optimal (high Affectionate Constraint protection). Results Overall, 671 (182 males 489 females) participated. Females, compared males, experienced distress self-injurious behaviors, while drugs or alcohol abuse. BHS BDI-II scores correlated positively PBI score negatively that “care.” associated medians scores. Conclusion confirms undergraduate student depression detectable (respectively, 50.2% 16.7% vs. 15–18% 9.2%) some specific correlate these two clinical variables. impact symptomatology pronounced females males. For role father seemed less roots thoughts depression.

Language: Английский

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