Modulating Nitric Oxide: Implications for Cytotoxicity and Cytoprotection

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 504 - 504

Published: April 23, 2024

Despite the significant progress in fields of biology, physiology, molecular medicine, and pharmacology; designation properties nitrogen monoxide regulation life-supporting functions organism; numerous works devoted to this molecule, there are still many open questions field. It is widely accepted that nitric oxide (•NO) a unique molecule that, despite its extremely simple structure, has wide range body, including cardiovascular system, central nervous system (CNS), reproduction, endocrine respiration, digestion, etc. Here, we systematize •NO, contributing conditions physiological norms, as well various pathological processes, mechanisms cytoprotection cytodestruction. Current experimental clinical studies contradictory describing role •NO pathogenesis diseases CNS. We describe cytoprotective action associated with expression antiapoptotic chaperone proteins mitochondrial function. The most prominent cytodestruction—the initiation nitrosative oxidative stresses, production reactive oxygen species, participation apoptosis mitosis. formation endothelial dysfunction also considered. Moreover, focus on ways pharmacological modulation nitroxidergic allow for decrease cytodestructive increase ones.

Language: Английский

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Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, Metainflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Cardiovascular Diseases: Unraveling Pathways

Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(7), P. 519 - 519

Published: July 12, 2024

Glycolipid metabolic disorders (GLMDs) are various resulting from dysregulation in glycolipid levels, consequently leading to an increased risk of obesity, diabetes, liver dysfunction, neuromuscular complications, and cardiorenal vascular diseases (CRVDs). In patients with GLMDs, excess caloric intake a lack physical activity may contribute oxidative stress (OxS) systemic inflammation. This study aimed review the connection between GLMD, OxS, metainflammation, onset CRVD. GLMD is due causing dysfunction synthesis, breakdown, absorption glucose lipids body, excessive ectopic accumulation these molecules. mainly neuroendocrine dysregulation, insulin resistance, metainflammation. many inflammatory markers defense cells play vital role related tissues organs, such as blood vessels, pancreatic islets, liver, muscle, kidneys, adipocytes, promoting lesions that affect interconnected organs through their signaling pathways. Advanced glycation end products, ATP-binding cassette transporter 1, Glucagon-like peptide-1, Toll-like receptor-4, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) crucial since they glucolipid metabolism. The consequences this system organ damage morbidity mortality.

Language: Английский

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Resveratrol Activates Antioxidant Protective Mechanisms in Cellular Models of Alzheimer’s Disease Inflammation

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 177 - 177

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Resveratrol is a natural phenolic compound with known benefits against neurodegeneration. We analyzed in vitro the protective mechanisms of resveratrol proinflammatory monomeric C-reactive protein (mCRP). mCRP increases risk AD after stroke and we previously demonstrated that intracerebral induces AD-like dementia mice. Here, used BV2 microglia treated for 24 h presence or absence resveratrol. Cells conditioned media were collected analysis. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has also been implicated progression so LPS was as resveratrol-sensitive reference agent. at concentration 50 µg/mL activated nitric oxide pathway NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Furthermore, induced cyclooxygenase-2 release cytokines. effectively inhibited these changes increased expression antioxidant enzyme genes Cat Sod2. As central defense, hub Sirt1 Nfe2l2 nuclear translocation signal transducer NF-ĸB. Proinflammatory by primary mixed glial cultures protected This work provides mechanistic insight into preventing agents.

Language: Английский

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Oxidative stress modulating nanomaterials and their biochemical roles in nanomedicine

Nanoscale Horizons, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(10), P. 1630 - 1682

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Many pathological conditions are predominantly associated with oxidative stress, arising from reactive oxygen species (ROS); therefore, the modulation of redox activities has been a key strategy to restore normal tissue functions. Current approaches involve establishing favorable cellular environment through administration therapeutic drugs and redox-active nanomaterials (RANs). In particular, RANs not only provide stable reliable means delivery but also possess capacity finely tune various interconnected components, including radicals, enzymes, proteins, transcription factors, metabolites. Here, we discuss roles that engineered play in spectrum conditions, such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, infections, inflammation. We visualize dual functions both generator scavenger ROS, emphasizing their profound impact on diverse The focus this review is solely inorganic (inorganic RANs). Additionally, deliberate challenges current RANs-based propose potential research directions for future clinical translation.

Language: Английский

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Oxidative Stress and Age-Related Tumors

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 1109 - 1109

Published: Sept. 13, 2024

Oxidative stress is the result of imbalance between reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), which are produced by several endogenous exogenous processes, antioxidant defenses consisting molecules that protect biological systems from free radical toxicity. a major factor in aging process, contributing to accumulation cellular damage over time. biomolecules, leads DNA alterations, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction resulting senescence, immune system tissue dysfunctions, increased susceptibility age-related pathologies, such as inflammatory disorders, cardiovascular neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, cancer. stress-driven mutations, or methylation histone modification, alter gene expression, key determinants tumor initiation, angiogenesis, metastasis, therapy resistance. Accumulation genetic epigenetic damage, oxidative contributes, eventually unrestrained cell proliferation, inhibition differentiation, evasion death, providing favorable conditions for tumorigenesis. Colorectal, breast, lung, prostate, skin cancers most frequent aging-associated malignancies, implicated their pathogenesis behavior. Our aim shed light on molecular mechanisms link stress, aging, cancers, highlighting impact both RONS antioxidants, provided diet exercise, immunity, development an antitumor response. The dual role ROS physiological regulators signaling responsible well its use anti-tumor therapeutic purposes, will also be discussed. Managing crucial promoting healthy reducing risk tumors.

Language: Английский

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Comparative antioxidant activity and phytochemical content of five extracts of Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom)

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

Abstract Reactive oxygen species reacts with numerous molecules in the body system causing oxidative damage, which requires antioxidants to ameliorate. Pleurotus ostreatus , a highly nutritious edible mushroom, has been reported be rich bioactive compounds. This study evaluated comparative antioxidant activity and phytochemical contents of five extracts P. : aqueous (AE), chloroform (CE), ethanol (EE), methanol (ME) n-hexane (HE). The composition were determined using standard in-vitro assay methods. Results showed that contained alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolics, cardiac glycosides, carbohydrates, anthrocyanins, betacyanins varied amounts. CE had highest flavonoid content (104.83 ± 29.46 mg/100 g); AE gave phenol 24.14 0.02 g; tannin was EE (25.12 0.06 HE amounts alkaloids (187.60 0.28 g) saponins (0.16 0.00 g). Antioxidant analyses revealed best hydroxyl radical 250% at 100 µg/ml ferric cyanide reducing power 8495 µg/ml; ME maximum DPPH (87.67%) hydrogen peroxide scavenging (65.58%) 500 nitric oxide inhibition 65.81% ascorbate peroxidase 1.60 (iU/l). total capacity (5.27 GAE µg/ml) ferrous iron chelating (99.23% while guaiacol 0.20(iU/l). characteristics (IC 50 ) followed order: > HE. Overall, extraction solvent for . high phenolic compounds, makes it source potential candidate development new therapies variety stress-related disorders.

Language: Английский

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STIMULI-RESPONSIVE SUPRAMOLECULAR HYDROGELS FOR PACLITAXEL DELIVERY: PROGRESS AND PROSPECTS

Aspects of Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5, P. 100062 - 100062

Published: Jan. 5, 2025

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The Crucial Role of the Blood–Brain Barrier in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Mechanisms of Disruption and Therapeutic Implications

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 386 - 386

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a crucial structure that maintains brain homeostasis by regulating the entry of molecules and cells from bloodstream into central nervous system (CNS). Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Parkinson's disease, well ischemic stroke, compromise integrity BBB. This leads to increased permeability infiltration harmful substances, thereby accelerating neurodegeneration. In this review, we explore mechanisms underlying BBB disruption, including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, vascular dysfunction, loss tight junction integrity, in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. We discuss how breakdown contributes neurotoxicity, abnormal accumulation pathological proteins, all which exacerbate neuronal damage facilitate disease progression. Furthermore, potential therapeutic strategies aimed at preserving or restoring function, anti-inflammatory treatments, antioxidant therapies, approaches enhance integrity. Given role neurodegeneration, maintaining its represents promising approach slow prevent progression

Language: Английский

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Polysaccharides with antioxidant activity: Extraction, beneficial roles, biological mechanisms, structure-function relationships, and future perspectives: A review

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 300, P. 140221 - 140221

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Language: Английский

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Titanium dioxide nanoparticles: a promising candidate for wound healing applications

Burns & Trauma, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Effective wound management and treatment are crucial in clinical practice, yet existing strategies often fall short fully addressing the complexities of skin healing. Recent advancements tissue engineering have introduced innovative approaches, particularly through use nanobiomaterials, to enhance healing process. In this context, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) garnered attention due their excellent biological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial properties. Furthermore, these can be modified therapeutic benefits. Scaffolds dressings containing TiO2 NPs demonstrated promising outcomes accelerating enhancing regeneration. This review paper covers process, properties that make them suitable for promoting healing, methods synthesizing NPs, scaffolds application potential toxicity NPs.

Language: Английский

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