THC and CBD: Villain versus Hero? Insights into Adolescent Exposure

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(6), P. 5251 - 5251

Published: March 9, 2023

Cannabis is the most used drug of abuse worldwide. It well established that abundant phytocannabinoids in this plant are Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). These two compounds have remarkably similar chemical structures yet vastly different effects brain. By binding to same receptors, THC psychoactive, while CBD has anxiolytic antipsychotic properties. Lately, a variety hemp-based products, including THC, become widely available food health industry, medical recreational use cannabis been legalized many states/countries. As result, people, youths, consuming because it considered “safe”. An extensive literature exists evaluating harmful both adults adolescents, but little known about long-term exposure, especially adolescence. The aim review collect preclinical clinical evidence cannabidiol.

Language: Английский

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HHC-induced psychosis: a case series of psychotic illness triggered by a widely available semisynthetic cannabinoid

Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 4

Published: Feb. 14, 2024

Abstract Use of both cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids has been regularly linked to the development psychotic illness. Thus, semisynthetic such as hexahydrocannabinol (HHC), which have a similar neurobiological profile delta-9-THC, may also be expected lead However, no relationship yet reported in scientific literature. HHC is readily available online many vape shops Ireland. Here, we present two cases illness appear precipitated by use legally purchased discuss its psychotogenic role factors current widespread availability.

Language: Английский

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Binge-like Alcohol Exposure in Adolescence: Behavioural, Neuroendocrine and Molecular Evidence of Abnormal Neuroplasticity… and Return

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(9), P. 1161 - 1161

Published: Sept. 4, 2021

Binge alcohol consumption among adolescents affects the developing neural networks underpinning reward and stress processing in nucleus accumbens (NAc). This study explores rats long-lasting effects of early intermittent exposure to intoxicating levels at adolescence, on: (1) response natural positive stimuli inescapable stress; (2) stress-axis functionality; (3) dopaminergic glutamatergic neuroadaptation NAc. We also assess potential non-intoxicating phytocannabinoid cannabidiol, counteract (or reverse) development detrimental consequences binge-like exposure. Our results show that adolescent alters sensitivity stimuli, exerts social novelty-triggered anxiety-like behaviour, passive stress-coping during prolonged withdrawal. In addition, serum corticosterone hypothalamic NAc corticotropin-releasing hormone progressively increase Besides, tyrosine hydroxylase late withdrawal, while expression dopamine transporter, D1 D2 receptors is dynamically altered binge Furthermore, markers excitatory postsynaptic signaling—PSD95; Homer-1 -2 activity-regulated spine-morphing proteins Arc, LIM Kinase 1 FOXP1—increase Notably, subchronic attenuates social- novelty-induced aversion rectifies hyper-responsive axis glutamate-related neuroplasticity. Overall, makes NAc, a locus minoris resistentiae as result perturbations neuroplasticity homeostasis. Cannabidiol holds promising for increasing behavioural, neuroendocrine molecular resilience against harmful effects.

Language: Английский

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A Case of First-Episode Psychosis with Catatonic Features in an Adolescent Following THC Use

Psychiatry Research Case Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100248 - 100248

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Cannabis Use and Psychotic-Like Experiences: A Systematic Review of Biological Vulnerability, Potency Effects, and Clinical Trajectories

Psychiatry Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 116496 - 116496

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The dark side of “legal highs”: a case of psychosis in polysubstance use—A young psychonaut’s perspective

Journal of Substance Use, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 6

Published: April 20, 2025

Language: Английский

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Mood, Motivation, and Mental Health

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Aberrant Salience Inventory: A meta‐analysis to investigate its psychometric properties and identify screening cutoff scores

Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 64(6), P. 734 - 745

Published: May 26, 2023

Introduction The Aberrant Salience Inventory (ASI) is a useful tool to measure salience abnormalities among the general population. There strong clinical and scientific evidence that alteration linked psychosis. To present day, no meta‐analysis evaluating ASI's psychometric properties screening potential has been published. Materials Methods PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Embase were searched using terms including “psychosis,” “schizophrenia,” “Aberrant Inventory.” Observational experimental studies employing ASI on populations of non‐psychotic controls patients with psychosis included. scores other demographic measures (age, gender, ethnicity) extracted as outcomes. Individual patients' data (IPD) collected. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed IPD. Results Eight articles finally included in meta‐analysis. differ significantly between psychotic populations; novel three‐factor model proposed regarding subscales structure. Theoretical positive predictive values (PPVs) negative (NPVs) calculated presented together different cutoff points depending preselected specific interest. Discussion PPV NPV reached levels adequate for be considered viable highlights presence subscale named “Unveiling experiences.” Implications meaning new structure are discussed, well tool.

Language: Английский

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Cannabidiol attenuates insular activity during motivational salience processing in patients with early psychosis

Psychological Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 53(10), P. 4732 - 4741

Published: July 1, 2022

The mechanisms underlying the antipsychotic potential of cannabidiol (CBD) remain unclear but growing evidence indicates that dysfunction in insula, a key brain region involved processing motivationally salient stimuli, may have role pathophysiology psychosis. Here, we investigate whether CBD are underpinned by their effects on insular activation, known to be salience processing.A within-subject, crossover, double-blind, placebo-controlled investigation 19 healthy controls and 15 participants with early psychosis was conducted. Administration single dose compared placebo while performing monetary incentive delay task, an fMRI paradigm. Anticipation reward loss were used contrast stimuli against neutral control condition.No group differences activation between patients observed. Attenuation insula observed following CBD, placebo. Sensitivity analyses controlling for current cannabis use history did not affect main results.Our findings accordance existing suggesting modulates regions processing. Whether such underlie putative remains investigated.

Language: Английский

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Altered neurobehavioral reward response predicts psychotic-like experiences in youth exposed to cannabis prenatally

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

Abstract Importance Rates of prenatal cannabis exposure (PCE) are rising with increasingly permissive legislation regarding use, which may be a risk factor for psychosis. Disrupted reward-related neural circuitry underlie this relationship. Objective To elucidate mechanisms involved in the association between PCE and youth-onset psychotic-like experiences by probing correlates reward anticipation, neurobehavioral marker endocannabinoid-mediated dopaminergic function. Design, setting, participants This longitudinal, prospective study analyzed task-related functional neuroimaging data from baseline (n=11,368), 2-year follow-up (n=7,928), 4-year (n=2,982) ongoing Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, recruited children aged 9 to 10 years old at 22 sites across United States. Results (n=652 exposed youth) is longitudinally associated experiences. Blunted response anticipation experiences, stronger effects observed youth (all |β| > 0.5; false discovery rate [FDR]–corrected P < .05). hypoactivation predicts psychosis symptomatology middle adolescence (4-year visit; β=-.004; FDR-corrected Dampened behavioral sensitivity baseline, visit, visit (|β| = .21; .001). Psychotic-like positively trait-level measures motivation impulsivity, 0.1; all Conclusions Relevance activation brain regions serve as biomarker disrupted processing increased during development. affect childhood behaviors traits related altered sensitivity.

Language: Английский

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