The Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Marine Ecosystems and Reliant Human Communities

Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 45(1), P. 83 - 112

Published: June 25, 2020

Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, from fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, along with agriculture land-use practices are causing wholesale increases in seawater CO2 inorganic levels; reductions pH; alterations acid-base chemistry of estuarine, coastal, surface open-ocean waters. On the basis laboratory experiments field studies naturally elevated marine environments, widespread biological impacts human-driven ocean acidification have been posited, ranging changes organism physiology population dynamics to altered communities ecosystems. Acidification, conjunction other climate change–related environmental stresses, particularly under future change further potentially puts at risk many valuable ecosystem services that provides society, such as fisheries, aquaculture, shoreline protection. Thisreview emphasizes both current scientific understanding knowledge gaps, highlighting directions for research recognizing information needs policymakers stakeholders.

Language: Английский

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Living in a high CO₂ world: a global meta‐analysis shows multiple trait‐mediated fish responses to ocean acidification

Ecological Monographs, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 88(3), P. 320 - 335

Published: Feb. 22, 2018

Abstract Understanding how marine organisms will be affected by global change is of primary importance to ensure ecosystem functioning and nature contributions people. This study meets the call for addressing life‐history traits mediate effects ocean acidification on fish. We built a database overall trait‐mediated responses teleost fish future CO 2 levels searching scientific literature. Using meta‐analytical approach, we investigated projected IPCC 2050–2070 2100 eco‐physiology behavior from 320 contrasts 42 species, stemming polar tropical regions. Moreover, since may experience mosaic carbonate chemistry in coastal environments (e.g., estuaries, upwelling zones intertidal habitats), which have higher p values than open waters, assessed additional 103 21 species using well above projections. Under mid‐century end‐of‐century emission scenarios, found multiple ‐dose‐dependent calcification, resting metabolic rate, yolk, behavioral performances, along with increased predation risk decreased foraging, particularly larvae. Importantly, many considered not confer tolerance elevated far‐reaching ecological consequences population replenishment community structure likely occur. Extreme projections showed mortality while growth, metabolism, yolk were unaffected. exposures short‐term experiments mortality, turn longer‐term exposures. Whatever considered, some key biological processes reproduction, development, habitat choice) critically understudied. Fish are an important resource livelihoods communities component stability ecosystems. Given evidenced here, stress need fill knowledge gap eco‐physiological expand number duration studies multi‐generational, stressor warming, hypoxia, fishing), interactions better elucidate complex ecosystem‐level changes these might alter provisioning services.

Language: Английский

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Ocean Acidification and Coastal Marine Invertebrates: Tracking CO₂Effects from Seawater to the Cell

Annual Review of Marine Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 499 - 523

Published: Aug. 27, 2019

In the last few decades, numerous studies have investigated impacts of simulated ocean acidification on marine species and communities, particularly those inhabiting dynamic coastal systems. Despite these research efforts, there are many gaps in our understanding, with respect to physiological mechanisms that lead pathologies. this review, we trace how carbonate system disturbances propagate from environment into invertebrates highlight mechanistic links between organism function. We also point toward several processes related basic invertebrate biology severely understudied prevent an accurate understanding dynamics influence organismic homeostasis fitness-related traits. recommend significant effort be directed studying cellular phenotypes acclimated or adapted elevated seawater pCO2 using biochemical methods.

Language: Английский

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Effect of L-Arginine on Maintaining Storage Quality of the White Button Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus)

Food and Bioprocess Technology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 563 - 574

Published: Jan. 11, 2019

Language: Английский

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Climate impacts on organisms, ecosystems and human societies: integrating OCLTT into a wider context

Journal of Experimental Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 224(Suppl_1)

Published: Feb. 15, 2021

ABSTRACT Physiological studies contribute to a cause and effect understanding of ecological patterns under climate change identify the scope limits adaptation. Across most habitats, this requires analyzing organism responses warming, which can be modified by other drivers such as acidification oxygen loss in aquatic environments or excess humidity drought on land. Experimental findings support hypothesis that width temperature range thermal performance curves relate biogeographical range. Current warming causes shifts, hypothesized include constraints aerobic power budget turn are elicited limitations supply capacity relation demand. Different metabolic scopes involved may set borders both fundamental niche (at standard rate) realized routine rate). Relative for also species interact with others at ecosystem level. Niche widths shifting probably interdependent across life stages, young adults being least thermally vulnerable. The principles tolerance apply endotherms including humans, their habitat human society. Overall, phylogenetically based comparisons would need consider cycle well functional properties zones time scales. This Review concludes perspective how mechanism-based allows scrutinizing often simplified modeling approaches projecting future impacts risks terrestrial ecosystems. It emphasizes usefulness consensus-building process among experimentalists better recognition debate.

Language: Английский

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Hidden impacts of ocean warming and acidification on biological responses of marine animals revealed through meta-analysis

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 3, 2024

Conflicting results remain on the impacts of climate change marine organisms, hindering our capacity to predict future state ecosystems. To account for species-specific responses and ambiguous relation most metrics fitness, we develop a meta-analytical approach based deviation from reference values (absolute change) complement meta-analyses directional (relative) changes in responses. Using this approach, evaluate fish invertebrates warming acidification. We find that drivers induce calcification, survival, metabolism, significant deviations twice as many biological responses, including physiology, reproduction, behavior, development. Widespread are detected even under moderate intensity levels acidification, while mostly limited more severe levels. Because such may result ecological shifts impacting ecosystem structures processes, suggest will likely have stronger than those previously predicted alone.

Language: Английский

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Experimental assessments of marine species sensitivities to ocean acidification and co-stressors: how far have we come?

Canadian Journal of Zoology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 97(5), P. 399 - 408

Published: Jan. 15, 2019

Experimental studies assessing the potential impacts of ocean acidification on marine organisms have rapidly expanded and produced a wealth empirical data over past decade. This perspective examines four key areas transformative developments in experimental approaches: (1) methodological advances; (2) advances elucidating physiological molecular mechanisms behind observed CO 2 effects; (3) recognition short-term variability as likely modifier species sensitivities (Ocean Variability Hypothesis); (4) consensus multistressor nature climate change where effect interactions are still challenging to anticipate. No single experiment allows predicting fate future populations. But sustaining accumulation evidence is critical for more robust estimates reaction norms thus enabling better modeling approaches. Moreover, advanced approaches needed address knowledge gaps including changes intraspecific sensitivity its importance adaptation high world.

Language: Английский

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The art of otolith chemistry: interpreting patterns by integrating perspectives

Marine and Freshwater Research, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 70(12), P. 1643 - 1643

Published: Jan. 1, 2019

The ability to obtain high-resolution chemical profiles across otoliths has expanded with technological advancements that prompted an explosion of data from diverse taxa in coastal, marine and freshwater systems worldwide. questions pursued by most otolith chemists fall broadly into six categories: identifying origins, tracking migration, reconstructing environments, quantifying growth or physiology, validating ages assessing diets. Advances instrumentation have widened the periodic table elements, two-dimensional mapping further illuminated spatial heterogeneity these complex structures. Although environmental drivers observed elemental signatures are often assumed be paramount, multiple intrinsic extrinsic factors can disrupt simple relationships between element a single parameter. An profile is not direct photograph environment, but rather impressionistic image filtered through multifaceted experiences fish itself. A ‘signal-to-noise’ approach assesses relative magnitudes variation on may promising way resolve factor interest against ‘noise’ others. robust appreciation drivers, physiological regulation calcification dynamics affect effectively interpret patterns necessary drive field forward.

Language: Английский

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Northern cod species face spawning habitat losses if global warming exceeds 1.5°C

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 4(11)

Published: Nov. 2, 2018

Acidification narrows thermal ranges of Arctic fish embryos and thereby constraints reproductive opportunities in a warming ocean.

Language: Английский

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Brain and Behavioral Asymmetry: A Lesson From Fish

Frontiers in Neuroanatomy, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 26, 2020

It is widely acknowledged that the left and right hemispheres of human brains display both anatomical functional asymmetries. For more than a century, brain behavioral lateralization have been considered uniquely feature linked to language handedness. However, over past decades this idea has challenged by an increasing number studies describing structural asymmetries lateralized behaviors in non-human species extending from primates fish. Evidence suggesting similar pattern occurs all vertebrates, humans included, allowed emergence different model systems investigate development their impact on behavior. Among animal models, fish contributed much research as several exhibit behaviors. instance, shown advantages having asymmetric brain, such ability simultaneously processing information perform parallel tasks compensate potential costs associated with poor integration between two thus helping better understand possible evolutionary significance lateralization. these inferred how sides are differentially specialized measuring differences responses but did not allow directly relation With respect issue, recent years zebrafish become powerful address at level complexity, genes neural circuitry The possibility combining genetic manipulation cutting-edge vivo imaging technique tests makes valuable phylogeny ontogeny its relevance for normal function

Language: Английский

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