Biomimetics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(10), P. 645 - 645
Published: Oct. 20, 2024
Nanomedicine,
leveraging
the
unique
properties
of
nanoparticles,
has
revolutionized
diagnosis
and
treatment
neurological
diseases.
Among
various
nanotechnological
advancements,
ultrasound-mediated
drug
delivery
using
micro-
nanobubbles
offers
promising
solutions
to
overcome
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB),
enhancing
precision
efficacy
therapeutic
interventions.
This
review
explores
principles,
current
clinical
applications,
challenges,
future
directions
systems
in
treating
stroke,
brain
tumors,
neurodegenerative
diseases,
neuroinflammatory
disorders.
Additionally,
ongoing
trials
potential
advancements
this
field
are
discussed,
providing
a
comprehensive
overview
impact
nanomedicine
on
Neurotherapeutics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
21(3), P. e00352 - e00352
Published: April 1, 2024
The
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB)
presents
a
formidable
challenge
in
delivering
therapeutic
agents
to
the
central
nervous
system.
Ultrasound-mediated
BBB
disruption
has
emerged
as
promising
non-invasive
technique
enhance
drug
delivery
brain.
This
manuscript
reviews
fundamental
principles
of
ultrasound-based
techniques
and
their
mechanisms
action
temporarily
permeabilizing
BBB.
Clinical
trials
employing
ultrasound
for
are
discussed,
summarizing
diverse
applications
ranging
from
treatment
neurodegenerative
diseases
targeted
brain
tumors.
review
also
addresses
safety
considerations,
outlining
current
understanding
potential
risks
mitigation
strategies
associated
with
exposure,
including
real-time
monitoring
assessment
efficacy.
Among
large
number
studies,
significant
successes
highlighted
thus
providing
perspective
on
future
direction
field.
Fluids and Barriers of the CNS,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
21(1)
Published: Aug. 13, 2024
Amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis
(ALS)
is
a
rapidly
progressing
neurodegenerative
disorder
with
minimally
effective
treatment
options.
An
important
hurdle
in
ALS
drug
development
the
non-invasive
therapeutic
access
to
motor
cortex
currently
limited
by
presence
of
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB).
Focused
ultrasound
and
microbubble
(FUS
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: Jan. 6, 2025
Although
low-intensity
focused
ultrasound
(LiFUS)
with
microbubbles
is
used
to
temporally
open
the
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB),
underlying
mechanism
not
fully
understood.
This
study
aimed
analyze
BBB-related
alterations
in
brain
microenvironment
after
LiFUS,
a
focus
on
involvement
of
purinergic
P2
×
7
receptor.
Sprague-Dawley
rats
were
sonicated
LiFUS
at
0.3
MPa
energy.
The
impact
receptor
and
inflammatory-related
proteins,
including
NLRP3
interleukin-1β,
was
analyzed
through
western
blotting.
BBB-associated
tight
junction
zonula
occludens-1
(ZO-1)
occludin,
also
analyzed.
BBB
permeability
assessed
by
quantifying
amount
Evans
blue
dye
penetration
using
spectrophotometry.
Furthermore,
safety
sonication
procedure
verified
via
terminal
deoxynucleotidyl
transferase
dUTP
nick
end
labeling
(TUNEL)
assay
hematoxylin
eosin
staining.
Substantial
increases
its
downstream
signaling
confirmed
sonicating
for
1
h
(p
<
0.05).
Conversely,
lowest
expression
observed
0.001).
Both
responses
normalized
back
original
state
over
time.
No
evidence
damage
during
procedure.
antagonist-injected
group
showed
reduced
compared
that
FUS,
indicating
mitigated
BBB.
Herein,
we
elucidate
which
affects
BBB,
Our
findings
demonstrate
extent
opening
varies
upon
regulation
provides
valuable
insights
into
mechanisms
modulation
thereby
laying
foundation
expanding
applications.
Journal of Ultrasound,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
27(2), P. 263 - 274
Published: July 30, 2023
Abstract
Purpose
The
study
aims
to
provide
insights
on
the
practicality
of
using
single-element
transducers
for
transcranial
Focused
Ultrasound
(tFUS)
thermal
applications.
Methods
FUS
sonications
were
performed
through
skull
phantoms
embedding
agar-based
tissue
mimicking
gels
a
1
MHz
spherically
focused
transducer.
3D
printed
with
Acrylonitrile
Butadiene
Styrene
(ABS)
and
Resin
thermoplastics
having
exact
bone
geometry
healthy
volunteer.
temperature
field
distribution
during
after
heating
was
monitored
in
3
T
Magnetic
Resonance
Imaging
(MRI)
scanner
MR
thermometry.
effect
skull’s
thickness
intracranial
investigated.
Results
A
single
sonication
at
focal
acoustic
intensities
close
1580
W/cm
2
60
s
free
heated
up
agar
phantom
ablative
temperatures
reaching
about
90
°C
(baseline
37
°C).
ABS
strongly
blocked
ultrasonic
waves,
resulting
zero
increase
within
phantom.
Considerable
achieved
skull,
but
it
remained
hyperthermia
levels.
Conversely,
tFUS
mm
showed
enhanced
penetration
heating,
70
°C.
Conclusions
demonstrated
poorer
performance
terms
compared
owing
its
higher
attenuation
porosity.
thin
provided
an
efficient
window
delivering
deep
areas.
results
such
studies
could
be
particularly
useful
accelerating
establishment
wider
range
Cancers,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(21), P. 5198 - 5198
Published: Oct. 29, 2023
Clinical
management
in
neuro-oncology
has
changed
to
an
integrative
approach
that
incorporates
molecular
profiles
alongside
histopathology
and
imaging
findings.
While
the
World
Health
Organization
(WHO)
guideline
recommends
genotyping
of
informative
alterations
as
a
routine
clinical
practice
for
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
tumors,
acquisition
tumor
tissue
CNS
is
invasive
not
always
possible.
Liquid
biopsy
non-invasive
provides
opportunity
capture
complex
heterogeneity
whole
through
detection
circulating
biomarkers
body
fluids,
such
blood
or
cerebrospinal
fluid
(CSF).
Despite
all
advantages,
low
abundance
tumor-derived
biomarkers,
particularly
well
their
short
half-life
limited
application
liquid
practice.
Thus,
it
crucial
identify
factors
associated
with
presence
these
explore
possible
strategies
can
increase
shedding
tumoral
components
into
biological
fluids.
In
this
review,
we
first
describe
applications
including
its
roles
early
recurrence
monitoring
treatment
response.
We
then
discuss
utilization
identifying
affect
how
image-guided
interventions
focused
ultrasound
help
enhance
blood–brain
barrier
(BBB)
disruption.
Pharmaceutics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(6), P. 710 - 710
Published: May 24, 2024
Huntington’s
disease
(HD)
is
a
monogenic
neurodegenerative
disorder
caused
by
cytosine–adenine–guanine
(CAG)
trinucleotide
repeat
expansion
in
the
HTT
gene.
There
are
no
cures
for
HD,
but
genetic
basis
of
this
makes
gene
therapy
viable
approach.
Adeno-associated
virus
(AAV)-miRNA-based
therapies
have
been
demonstrated
to
be
effective
lowering
mRNA;
however,
blood–brain
barrier
(BBB)
poses
significant
challenge
delivery
brain.
Delivery
strategies
include
direct
injections
into
central
nervous
system,
which
invasive
and
can
result
poor
diffusion
viral
particles
through
brain
parenchyma.
Focused
ultrasound
(FUS)
an
alternative
approach
that
used
non-invasively
deliver
AAVs
temporarily
disrupting
BBB.
Here,
we
investigate
FUS-mediated
single-stranded
AAV9
bearing
cDNA
GFP
2-month-old
wild-type
mice
zQ175
HD
mouse
model
at
2-,
6-,
12-months.
FUS
treatment
improved
all
groups.
The
efficacy
was
similar
WT
groups,
with
exception
12-month
cohort,
where
observed
decreased
expression.
Astrocytosis
did
not
increase
after
treatment,
even
within
group
exhibiting
higher
baseline
levels
GFAP
These
findings
demonstrate
AAV9-based
targeted
regions
disease.
