The Role of the FODMAP Diet in IBS

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 370 - 370

Published: Jan. 26, 2024

The low FODMAP (fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide, and polyol) diet is a beneficial therapeutic approach for patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, how the works still not completely understood. These mechanisms encompass only traditionally known factors such as luminal distension induced by gas water but also recent evidence on role of FOMAPs in modulation visceral hypersensitivity, increases intestinal permeability, induction microbiota changes, production short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), well metabolomics alterations motility. Although most supporting quality, trials have confirmed its effectiveness, even though majority pertains to restriction phase effectiveness relieving abdominal bloating pain. This review examines potential pathophysiological provides an overview existing across various IBS subtypes. Key considerations use include challenges disadvantages associated practical implementation, including need professional guidance, variations individual responses, concerns related microbiota, nutritional deficiencies, development constipation, necessity excluding eating disorder before commencing diet, scarcity long-term data. Despite recognized efficacy symptom management, acknowledging these limitations becomes imperative nuanced comprehension managing IBS. By investigating subtypes addressing emerging modulations alongside limitations, this aims serve valuable resource healthcare practitioners, researchers, navigating intricate landscape

Language: Английский

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Bacillus siamensis Targeted Screening from Highly Colitis-Resistant Pigs Can Alleviate Ulcerative Colitis in Mice

Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is often accompanied by intestinal inflammation and disruption of epithelial structures, which are closely associated with changes in the microbiota. We previously revealed that Min pigs, a native Chinese breed, more resistant to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced than commercial Yorkshire pigs. Characterizing microbiota pigs would allow identification core microbes confer resistance. By analyzing linked disease course we observed

Language: Английский

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Tannic acid extracted from gallnut improves intestinal health with regulation of redox homeostasis and gut microbiota of weaned piglets

Animal Research and One Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(1), P. 16 - 27

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Abstract The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects tannic acid (TA) derived from gallnut supplementation on growth performance and health status weaned piglets. A total 432 weanling piglets (7.05 ± 1.05 kg) were randomly allocated into 4 treatment groups with 6 replicates 18 pigs/pen. Piglets fed either a basal diet (CON), or diets supplemented 1.5 kg/t TA, 3.0 1.8 zinc oxide (ZnO) for 21 days. results showed that, compared CON, dietary TA did not affect ( p > 0.05) serum biochemistry However, had higher SOD, GPX, CAT activities lower MDA concentration in jejunum than those CON ZnO group. Meanwhile, increased < villus height height/crypt depth, decreased crypt depth small intestine. Dietary also downregulated IL‐1β TNF‐α expression jejunum. Furthermore, reduced abundance Candidatus Brocadia Escherichia‐Shigella cecal digesta. Notably, both negative correlation antioxidant enzymes R −0.60, 0.01), but was positively correlated concentrations = 0.44, In conclusion, improved gut piglets, potentially by regulating redox homeostasis microbiota.

Language: Английский

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Targeting methionine metabolism in cancer: opportunities and challenges

Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(5), P. 395 - 405

Published: April 5, 2024

Language: Английский

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Galactooligosaccharides and Limosilactobacillus reuteri synergistically alleviate gut inflammation and barrier dysfunction by enriching Bacteroides acidifaciens for pentadecanoic acid biosynthesis

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Oct. 28, 2024

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a debilitating inflammatory bowel disease characterized by intestinal inflammation, barrier dysfunction, and dysbiosis, with limited treatment options available. This study systematically investigates the therapeutic potential of synbiotic composed galactooligosaccharides (GOS) Limosilactobacillus reuteri in murine model colitis, revealing that GOS L. synergistically protect against inflammation dysfunction promoting synthesis pentadecanoic acid, an odd-chain fatty from Bacteroides acidifaciens. Notably, synbiotic, B. acidifaciens, acid are each capable suppressing enhancing tight junction inhibiting NF-κB activation. Furthermore, similar reduction acidifaciens levels also observed feces both human UC patients lipopolysaccharide-induced pigs. Our findings elucidate protective mechanism highlight its potential, along for other disorders. Here, Yujun Wu colleagues report alleviates gut animals enriching showing treating ulcerative colitis.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota regulates host melatonin production through epithelial cell MyD88

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Feb. 14, 2024

Melatonin has various physiological effects, such as the maintenance of circadian rhythms, anti-inflammatory functions, and regulation intestinal barriers. The regulatory functions melatonin in gut microbiota remodeling have also been well clarified; however, role regulating host production remains poorly understood. To address this, we studied contribution to using microbiota-perturbed models. We demonstrated that antibiotic-treated germ-free mice possessed diminished levels serum elevated colon. influence on was further confirmed by fecal transplantation. Notably, Lactobacillus reuteri (L. R) Escherichia coli (E. coli) recapitulated effects production. Mechanistically, L. R E. activated TLR2/4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway promote expression arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT, a rate-limiting enzyme for production), MyD88 deficiency colonic epithelial cells abolished Collectively, revealed specific underlying mechanism modulate production, which might provide novel therapeutic ideas melatonin-related diseases.

Language: Английский

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Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ameliorates hyperuricemia in a novel model

npj Biofilms and Microbiomes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: March 20, 2024

Abstract Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a metabolic syndrome caused by abnormal purine metabolism. Although recent studies have noted relationship between the gut microbiota and gout, whether could ameliorate HUA-associated systemic metabolism remains unclear. In this study, we constructed novel model of HUA in geese investigated mechanism which Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) beneficial effects on HUA. The administration antibiotics fecal transplantation (FMT) experiments were used goose model. LGG its metabolites evaluated vivo vitro. Heterogeneous expression gene knockout revealed LGG. Multi-omics analysis that genus associated with changes This study showed alleviate through gut-liver-kidney axis. Whole-genome analysis, heterogeneous expression, enzymes ABC-type multidrug transport system ( ABCT ), inosine-uridine nucleoside N-ribohydrolase iunH xanthine permease pbuX ) demonstrated function degradation correlation patients serum proline deficiency, as well Collinsella , may be occurrence Our findings potential diet-induced HUA, promising therapies for

Language: Английский

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Biomimetic Peptide Nanonets: Exploiting Bacterial Entrapment and Macrophage Rerousing for Combatting Infections

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(37), P. 25446 - 25464

Published: Sept. 6, 2024

The alarming rise in global antimicrobial resistance underscores the urgent need for effective antibacterial drugs. Drawing inspiration from bacterial-entrapment mechanism of human defensin 6, we have fabricated biomimetic peptide nanonets composed multiple functional fragments bacterial eradication. These are designed to address challenges through a dual-approach strategy. First, resulting nanofibrous networks trap bacteria and subsequently kill them by loosening membrane structure, dissipating proton motive force, causing metabolic perturbations. Second, these trapped clusters reactivate macrophages scavenge enhanced chemotaxis phagocytosis via PI3K-AKT signaling pathway ECM-receptor interaction.

Language: Английский

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Interaction between intestinal mycobiota and microbiota shapes lung inflammation

iMeta, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(5)

Published: Sept. 14, 2024

Abstract Gut microbiota is an intricate microbial community containing bacteria, fungi, viruses, archaea, and protozoa, each of them contributes to diverse aspects host health. Nevertheless, the influence interaction among gut on health remains uncovered. Here, we showed that between intestinal fungi bacteria shaped lung inflammation during infection. Specifically, antifungal drug‐induced dysbiosis mycobiota enhanced Dysbiosis led Escherichia coli ( E. ) overgrowth translocation infection, which induced accumulation CD45 + F4/80 Ly6G − Ly6C CD11b CD11c macrophages. Clearance macrophages or deletion TLR4 (Toll‐like receptor 4, recognition LPS) rather than Dectin‐1 (recognition beta‐1,3/1,6 glucans fungi) blocked aggravation These findings suggest commensal affects through gut–lung axis, offering a potential therapeutic target for ameliorating

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota and their metabolites in the immune response of rheumatoid arthritis: Therapeutic potential and future directions

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 147, P. 114034 - 114034

Published: Jan. 12, 2025

Language: Английский

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