A Heart-Healthy Diet for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: Where Are We Now?

Vascular Health and Risk Management, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: Volume 19, P. 237 - 253

Published: April 1, 2023

Purpose of Review: The relationship between cardiovascular health and diet is evolving. Lifestyle modifications including changes are the primary approach in managing cardiometabolic risk factors. Thus, understanding different diets their impact on important guiding secondary prevention disease (CVD). Yet, there many barriers limitations to adopting a heart healthy diet. Recent Findings: Diets rich fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, lean protein sources, with minimization/avoidance processed foods, trans-fats, sugar sweetened beverages, recommended by guidelines. Mediterranean, DASH, plant-based have all proven cardioprotective varying degrees endorsed professional healthcare societies, while other emerging such as ketogenic intermittent fasting require more long-term study. effects gut microbiome opened new path for precision medicine improve certain dietary metabolites, trimethylamine N-oxide, factors, along diversity gene pathways relation CVD management, being explored. Summary: In this review, we provide comprehensive up-to-date overview established health. We discuss effectiveness various most importantly approaches nutritional counseling where traditional non-traditional practiced, helping patients adopt diets. address regarding food insecurity, poor access, socioeconomic burden. Lastly, need multidisciplinary team-based approach, role nutrition specialist, implementing culturally-tailored recommendations. Understanding finding ways overcome heart-healthy will take us miles management. Keywords: disease, diet, guidelines, nutrition, disparities,

Language: Английский

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Diet strategies for promoting healthy aging and longevity: An epidemiological perspective

Journal of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 295(4), P. 508 - 531

Published: Oct. 23, 2023

Abstract In recent decades, global life expectancies have risen significantly, accompanied by a marked increase in chronic diseases and population aging. This narrative review aims to summarize findings on the dietary factors influencing longevity, primarily from large cohort studies. First, maintaining healthy weight throughout is pivotal for aging mirroring benefits of lifelong, moderate calorie restriction today's obesogenic food environment. Second, specific types or sources fat, protein, carbohydrates are more important disease risk mortality than their quantity. Third, some traditional diets (e.g., Mediterranean, Nordic, Okinawa) contemporary patterns, such as plant‐based diet index, DASH (dietary approaches stop hypertension) diet, alternate eating been associated with lower longevity. These patterns share many common components predominance nutrient‐rich plant foods; limited red processed meats; culinary herbs spices prevalent cuisines) while embracing distinct elements different cultures. Fourth, combining other lifestyle could extend disease‐free 8–10 years. While adhering core principles diets, it crucial adapt recommendations individual preferences cultures well nutritional needs populations. Public health strategies should aim create healthier environment where nutritious options readily accessible, especially public institutions care facilities elderly. Although further mechanistic studies human trials needed better understand molecular effects aging, there pressing need establish maintain long‐term cohorts studying culturally diverse

Language: Английский

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Ultra-processed Food and Obesity: What Is the Evidence?

Current Nutrition Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 23 - 38

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Abstract Purpose of Review Obesity is a growing global healthcare concern. A proposed driver the recent increase in ultra-processed food (UPF) intake. However, disagreement surrounds concept UPF, strength evidence, and suggested mechanisms. Therefore, this review aimed to critically appraise evidence on UPF obesity. Recent Findings Observational studies demonstrate positive associations between intake, weight gain, overweight/obesity, more clearly adults than children/adolescents. This supported by high-quality clinical data. Several mechanisms are proposed, but current understanding inconclusive. Summary Greater consumption has been key There need change obesogenic environment support individuals reduce their The novel approach that not explained with existing nutrient- food-based frameworks. Critical analysis methodologies provides confidence, future observational experimental research outputs greater methodological rigor will strengthen findings, which outlined.

Language: Английский

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Nutrients or processing? An analysis of food and drink items from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey based on nutrient content, the NOVA classification and front of package traffic light labelling

British Journal Of Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 131(9), P. 1619 - 1632

Published: Jan. 15, 2024

Abstract UK front of package labelling (FOPL) informs consumers on the nutrient content food. However, FOPL does not consider food processing, and with government being urged to act ultra-processed (UPF), whether UPF should be added is unclear. This study compared drink in National Diet Nutrition Survey (NDNS) Intake24 database based FOPL, NOVA classification, understand are covered by dietary recommendations for foods high fat, salt sugar. NDNS items were coded into minimally processed (MPF), culinary ingredients, according classification traffic lights. contained greater energy, saturated fat (SF), total sugar (TS) than MPF. had a odds containing red an unhealthier overall score (OR:4·59 (95 % CI: 3·79, 5·57); OR:7·0 6·1, 8·2), respectively) lower green (OR:0·05 0·03, 0·10)), MPFs. For no still SF, TS several have healthier scores. nutritional profile MPF, higher energy density. Importantly, all unhealthy FOPL. These results indicate partial overlap between products, implications labelling.

Language: Английский

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Food consumption by degree of food processing and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort analysis of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 46, P. 101043 - 101043

Published: Sept. 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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Ultra-processed food consumption and risk of cardiovascular events: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis

EClinicalMedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 69, P. 102484 - 102484

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption continues to increase worldwide. However, evidences from meta-analyses are limited regarding the effects on cardiovascular events (CVEs).

Language: Английский

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Perspective: A Research Roadmap about Ultra-Processed Foods and Human Health for the United States Food System: Proceedings from an Interdisciplinary, Multi-Stakeholder Workshop

Advances in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 1255 - 1269

Published: Sept. 16, 2023

Our objective was to convene interdisciplinary experts from government, academia, and industry develop a Research Roadmap identify research priorities about processed food intake risk for obesity cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) among United States populations. We convened attendees at various career stages with diverse viewpoints in the field. held "Food Processing Primer" build foundational knowledge of how why foods are processed, followed by presentations may affect energy intake, obesity, CMD risk. Breakout groups discussed potential mechanistic confounding explanations associations between Facilitators created questions (RQs) based on key themes discussions. Different breakout discuss what is known unknown each RQ sub-RQs address gaps. Workshop focused ultra-processed (UPFs; Nova Group 4) because preponderance evidence this classification system. Yet, heterogeneity subjectivity UPF challenge development. The 6 RQs were: 1) What methods or measures could further categorize UPFs, considering processing, formulation, interaction two? 2) How can exposure assessment be improved? 3) Does influence CMDs, independent diet quality? What, if any, attributes UPFs ingestive behavior contribute excess intake? 5) clinically meaningful metabolic responses? 6) external environmental factors lead people consume high amounts UPFs? Uncertainty complexity around warrant complementary causal, mechanistic, methodological related understand utility applying degree processing States.

Language: Английский

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Consumption of ultra-processed foods and multiple health outcomes: An umbrella study of meta-analyses

Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 434, P. 137460 - 137460

Published: Sept. 13, 2023

Language: Английский

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The role of food literacy and sustainable and healthy eating behaviors in ultra-processed foods consumption of undergraduate students

Food Quality and Preference, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 119, P. 105232 - 105232

Published: May 20, 2024

Language: Английский

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Ultra‐processed foods: Processing versus formulation

Obesity Science & Practice, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(4), P. 435 - 439

Published: Dec. 31, 2022

The four-tiered NOVA food classification defines foods based on their degree of processing and ranges from native unprocessed to so-called "ultra-processed" foods. Recent publications have suggested that classified as ultra-processed are unhealthy contribute the obesity epidemic. It is important distinguish between formulation a food. In most cases it more than results in not recommended part healthy diet. Such "ultra-formulated" because they high added sugar other caloric sweeteners, refined flours saturated fats salt increase palatability. understanding distinct will assist health professionals identifying types overconsumption obesity. furthermore help destigmatize technology promote discussions amongst professionals, scientists, corporate government officials general public. Novel techniques urgently needed times population growth, climate change war-induced shortages.

Language: Английский

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