Life’s Essential 8: Updating and Enhancing the American Heart Association’s Construct of Cardiovascular Health: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association

Circulation, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 146(5)

Published: June 29, 2022

In 2010, the American Heart Association defined a novel construct of cardiovascular health to promote paradigm shift from focus solely on disease treatment one inclusive positive promotion and preservation across life course in populations individuals. Extensive subsequent evidence has provided insights into strengths limitations original approach defining quantifying health. response, convened writing group recommend enhancements updates. The definition quantification each metrics (Life’s Simple 7) were evaluated for responsiveness interindividual variation intraindividual change. New considered, age spectrum was expanded include entire course. foundational contexts social determinants psychological addressed as crucial factors optimizing preserving This presidential advisory introduces an enhanced assessing health: Life’s Essential 8. components 8 diet (updated), physical activity, nicotine exposure sleep (new), body mass index, blood lipids glucose pressure. Each metric new scoring algorithm ranging 0 100 points, allowing generation composite score (the unweighted average all components) that also varies points. Methods implementing assessment longitudinal monitoring are discussed, potential data sources tools widespread adoption policy, public health, clinical, institutional, community settings.

Language: Английский

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Mental health in elite athletes: International Olympic Committee consensus statement (2019)

British Journal of Sports Medicine, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 53(11), P. 667 - 699

Published: May 16, 2019

Mental health symptoms and disorders are common among elite athletes, may have sport related manifestations within this population impair performance. cannot be separated from physical health, as evidenced by mental increasing the risk of injury delaying subsequent recovery. There no evidence or consensus based guidelines for diagnosis management in athletes. Diagnosis must differentiate character traits particular to athletes psychosocial maladaptations.Management strategies should address all contributors consider biopsychosocial factors relevant maximise benefit minimise harm. Management involve both treatment affected individual optimising environments which train compete. To advance a more standardised, approach an International Olympic Committee Consensus Work Group critically evaluated current state science provided recommendations.

Language: Английский

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The 24-Hour Activity Cycle: A New Paradigm for Physical Activity

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 51(3), P. 454 - 464

Published: Oct. 18, 2018

ABSTRACT The physiologic mechanisms by which the four activities of sleep, sedentary behavior, light-intensity physical activity, and moderate-to-vigorous activity (MVPA) affect health are related, but these relationships have not been well explored in adults. Research studies commonly evaluated how time spent one affects health. Because can only increase decreasing another, such cannot determine extent that a benefit is due to versus reallocating among other activities. For example, interventions improve sleep possibly also MVPA. If so, overall effect on risk premature mortality both more MVPA better sleep. Further, potential for interaction between outcomes largely unexplored. there threshold minutes per day, above adverse effects behavior eliminated? This article considers 24-h Activity Cycle (24-HAC) model as paradigm exploring inter-relatedness It discusses measure each activities, analytical statistical challenges analyzing data based model, including inevitable challenge confounding usefulness this described reviewing selected research findings aided creation discussing future applications 24-HAC model.

Language: Английский

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The association of insomnia disorder characterised by objective short sleep duration with hypertension, diabetes and body mass index: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Sleep Medicine Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 59, P. 101456 - 101456

Published: Jan. 23, 2021

Language: Английский

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Time‐restricted feeding for prevention and treatment of cardiometabolic disorders

The Journal of Physiology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 595(12), P. 3691 - 3700

Published: March 10, 2017

The soaring prevalence of obesity and diabetes is associated with an increase in comorbidities, including elevated risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). CVDs continue to be among the leading causes death disability United States. While increased nutritional intake from energy-dense diet known disrupt metabolic homeostasis contributes disease risk, circadian rhythm disruption emerging as a new factor CVD. Circadian rhythms coordinate health via temporal control organismal metabolism physiology. Thus, interventions that improve are prospective entry points mitigate cardiometabolic risk. Although light strong modulator neural clock, time food dominant agent affects clocks organs. We discovered imposing time-restricted feeding (TRF) regimen which all caloric intakes occur consistently within ≤ 12 h every day exerts many benefits. TRF prevents excessive body weight gain, improves sleep, attenuates age- diet-induced deterioration cardiac performance. Using integrative approach combines Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) genetics transcriptome analyses it was found beneficial effects mediated by ATP-dependent TCP/TRiC/CCT chaperonin mitochondrial electron transport chain components. Parallel studies rodents have shown reduces risks maintaining homeostasis. As modern humans live under extended periods wakefulness ingestion events, daily eating pattern offers potential target lifestyle intervention reduce CVD

Language: Английский

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Effects of sleep restriction on metabolism-related parameters in healthy adults: A comprehensive review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Sleep Medicine Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 45, P. 18 - 30

Published: Feb. 10, 2019

Language: Английский

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Inflammation in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): A Review of Potential Correlates of PTSD with a Neurological Perspective

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(2), P. 107 - 107

Published: Jan. 26, 2020

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic condition characterized by symptoms of physiological and psychosocial burden. While growing research demonstrated signs inflammation in PTSD, specific biomarkers that may be representative PTSD such as the detailed neural correlates underlying inflammatory responses relation to trauma exposure are seldom discussed. Here, we review recent studies explored alterations key markers well neuroimaging-based further investigated within brain provide comprehensive summary literature with neurological perspective. A search was conducted on published from 2009 through 2019 PubMed Web Science. Fifty original articles were selected. Major findings included elevated levels serum proinflammatory cytokines individuals across various types, compared those without PTSD. Furthermore, altered associated structural functional regions responsible for regulation emotion, including amygdala, hippocampus, frontal cortex. Future utilize both central peripheral warranted elucidate pathway pathophysiology

Language: Английский

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A contemporary review of obstructive sleep apnea

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 25(6), P. 578 - 593

Published: Sept. 15, 2019

Purpose of review This provides a contemporary sleep apnea with emphasis on definitions, epidemiology, and consequences. Recent findings Amyloid β-42 is one the main peptides forming amyloid plaques in brains Alzheimer patients. Poorer quality shorter duration have been associated higher burden. Decreased time elderly precipitating factor retention. Studies shown that dysregulation homeostatic balance major inhibitory excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter systems gamma-aminobutyric (GABA) glutamate play role disordered breathing (SDB). Summary Untreated (obstructive and/or central apnea) are an important cause medical mortality morbidity. OSA characterized by recurrent episodes partial or complete collapse upper airway during followed hypoxia sympathetic activation. Apneic events terminated arousal, increases pulse blood pressure, re-oxygenation release inflammatory factors. Individuals increased risk developing atrial fibrillation. Hypoxemia poor because increase cognitive decline elderly.

Language: Английский

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Sleep Duration and Risks of Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality Among People With Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes Care, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 46(1), P. 101 - 110

Published: Nov. 16, 2022

OBJECTIVE People with type 2 diabetes may have insufficient or prolonged sleep that could accelerate cardiovascular disease (CVD) onset, but existing evidence from prospective studies has been limited. We examined the association of duration CVD incidence and mortality in this high-risk population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study included 18,876 participants UK Biobank who were free cancer at baseline. Habitual was obtained using a baseline questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards regression models used to examine between events. RESULTS During an average follow-up 11.0–12.0 years, we documented 2,570 incident cases atherosclerotic (ASCVD) 598 deaths. Compared sleeping for 7 h/day, multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios ≤5 ≥10 h/day 1.26 (95% CI 1.08, 1.48) 1.41 (1.16, 1.70) ASCVD, 1.22 (0.99, 1.50) 1.16 (0.88, 1.52) coronary artery disease, 1.70 (1.23, 2.35) 2.08 (1.44, 3.01) ischemic stroke, 1.02 (0.72, 1.44) 1.45 (1.01, 2.10) peripheral 1.42 (1.02, 1.97) 1.85 (1.30, 2.64) mortality. Similar results observed most sensitivity analyses aimed address potential reverse causation joint metabolic control severity status. CONCLUSIONS Short long durations independently associated increased risks onset death among people diabetes.

Language: Английский

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Longitudinal Sleep Patterns and Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(12), P. e2346006 - e2346006

Published: Dec. 4, 2023

Importance Sleep disturbances and clinical sleep disorders are associated with all-cause dementia neurodegenerative conditions, but it remains unclear how longitudinal changes in impact the incidence of cognitive impairment. Objective To evaluate association patterns age-related function healthy older adults. Design, Setting, Participants This cross-sectional study is a retrospective analyses Seattle Longitudinal Study (SLS), which evaluated self-reported duration (1993-2012) performance (1997-2020) within SLS were enrolled as part community-based cohort from Group Health Cooperative Puget Sound Maintenance Organization Washington between 1956 2020. Data analysis was performed September 2020 to May 2023. Main Outcomes Measures The main outcome for this impairment, defined by subthreshold on both Mini-Mental State Examination Mattis Dementia Rating Scale. self-report median nightly over last week assessed longitudinally multiple time points. Median duration, phenotype (short sleep, ≤7 hours; medium = 7 hour; long ≥7 hours), change (slope), variability (SD or variability) evaluated. Results Of participants SLS, only 1104 who administered Behavior Questionnaire neuropsychologic battery included study. A total 826 individuals (mean [SD] age, 76.3 [11.8] years; 468 women [56.7%]; 217 apolipoprotein E ε4 allele carriers [26.3%]) had complete demographic information Analysis using Cox proportional hazard regression model (concordance, 0.76) showed that status short sleeper (hazard ratio, 3.67; 95% CI, 1.59-8.50) higher 3.06; 1.14-5.49) significantly Conclusions Relevance In performance, impaired performance. Furthermore, high highlighting possibility instability periods may decline

Language: Английский

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