Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
23(9), P. 2785 - 2792
Published: May 1, 2024
Abstract
Background
The
exact
pathogenesis
of
melasma
is
not
yet
known,
and
its
treatment
remains
challenging.
Mesotherapy
with
tranexamic
acid
(TXA)
vitamin
C
was
both
reported
to
have
certain
effects
on
melasma.
In
spite
that
several
articles
compared
the
efficacy
safety
two
drugs
melasma,
most
them
were
clinical
study
small
sample
size.
Aims
To
evaluate
mesotherapy
TXA
versus
in
treating
through
meta‐analysis
systemic
review.
Methods
authors
searched
PubMed,
Web
Science,
Springer,
ScienceDirect
for
studies
as
a
Primary
outcomes
change
area
severity
index
(MASI)
before
after
treatment.
Results
Finally,
five
total
127
patients
included
systematic
There
no
statistic
difference
MASI
score
between
groups
(mean
difference,
0.16;
95%
CI,
−0.79
1.11).
Conclusions
safe
effective
Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 16, P. 429 - 442
Published: Feb. 1, 2023
Abstract:
Melasma
is
a
common
acquired
disorder
of
pigmentation
that
negatively
impacts
quality
life.
Present
treatments
show
poor
therapeutic
effect
with
frequent
recurrence.
This
in
large
part
due
to
the
currently
limited
understanding
disease's
etiology.
It
urgent
elucidate
pathogenesis
melasma
further
discovery
new
strategies.
Recent
studies
triggered
or
aggravated
by
variety
factors,
including
genetic
susceptibility,
ultraviolet
radiation,
and
sex
hormone
dysregulation.
Ultraviolet
B
radiation
upregulates
expression
several
melanocyte-specific
genes
stimulates
release
key
factors
participate
synthesis
melanin.
There
significant
increase
melanin
both
epidermal
dermal
layers
affected
skin,
possibly
abnormalities
crosstalk
between
melanocytes
other
cells.
Melanogenesis
regulated
through
various
signaling
networks
Wnt/β-catenin,
PI3K/Akt,
cAMP/PKA,
SCF/c-kit-mediated
pathways.
In
addition,
inflammatory
mediators,
oxidative
stress,
neuroactive
molecules,
sebocytes,
etc,
have
also
been
proved
be
related
melasma.
review
provides
comprehensive
update
on
current
Keywords:
predisposition,
hormone,
melanocyte,
melasma,
American Journal of Clinical Dermatology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(5), P. 717 - 733
Published: June 19, 2024
Melasma
is
a
chronic,
acquired
disorder
of
focal
hypermelanosis
that
carries
significant
psychosocial
impact
and
challenging
for
both
the
patient
treating
practitioner
to
manage
in
medium
long
term.
Multiple
treatments
have
been
explored,
often
combination
given
many
aetiological
factors
involved
its
pathogenesis.
Therapeutic
discoveries
treat
melasma
are
topic
literature
include
range
modalities,
with
recent
developments
including
updates
on
visible
light
photoprotection,
non-hydroquinone
depigmenting
agents,
oral
tranexamic
acid,
chemical
peels,
laser
energy-based
device
therapy
melasma.
It
increasingly
important
yet
remain
up-to-date
arsenal
available
find
an
efficacious
well-tolerated
option
our
patients.
Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: April 2, 2024
Melasma
is
a
chronic
hyperpigmentation
skin
disorder
that
more
common
in
the
female
gender.
Although
melasma
multifactorial
disorder,
however,
sun-exposure
and
genetic
predisposition
are
considered
as
main
etiologic
factors
occurrence.
numerous
topical
systemic
therapeutic
agents
also
non-pharmacologic
procedural
treatments
have
been
management,
commonly
available
options
several
limitations
including
lack
of
sufficient
clinical
effectiveness,
risk
relapse,
high
rate
unwanted
adverse
drug
reactions.
Recruitment
nanotechnology
for
delivery
management
can
lead
to
enhanced
penetration,
targeted
site
action,
longer
deposition
at
area,
limit
absorption
therefore
availability
In
current
review,
first
all,
etiology,
pathophysiology,
severity
classification
considered.
Then,
various
pharmacologic
treatment
discussed.
Afterward,
usage
types
nanoparticles
purpose
was
end,
studies
controlled
trials
on
assessment
effectiveness
these
novel
formulations
summarized.
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
38(7)
Published: Jan. 16, 2024
The
data
that
support
the
findings
of
this
study
are
available
from
corresponding
author
upon
reasonable
request.
participants
in
manuscript
have
given
written
informed
consent
to
publication
their
case
details.
Ethical
approval:
This
protocol
was
approved
by
FMB-Unesp
Institutional
Review
Board
(No.
4.767.182).
Trial
registration:
ReBEC
-
ensaiosclinicos.gov.br
–
RBR-10gx2qhj.
International Journal of Dermatology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
63(9), P. 1221 - 1226
Published: Feb. 27, 2024
Clobetasol
has
demonstrated
remarkable
results
in
treating
melasma
within
a
short
time
frame;
however,
its
use
is
limited
because
of
the
risk
local
side
effects.
To
date,
there
no
controlled
trial
on
sequential
clobetasol/hydroquinone
for
melasma.
This
study
aimed
to
investigate
tolerability
and
efficacy
0.05%
clobetasol
followed
by
4%
hydroquinone
(CLOB-HQ)
comparison
isolated
(HQ).
Pharmaceutics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(8), P. 1022 - 1022
Published: Aug. 1, 2024
Skin
pigmentation
typically
arises
from
the
excessive
secretion
and
accumulation
of
melanin,
resulting
in
a
darker
complexion
compared
to
normal
skin.
Currently,
local
application
chemical
drugs
is
first-line
strategy
for
disorders,
but
safety
efficacy
still
cannot
meet
clinical
treatment
needs.
For
long-term
safe
medication,
researchers
have
paid
attention
natural
products
with
higher
biocompatibility.
This
article
begins
by
examining
pathogenesis
approaches
skin
diseases
summarizes
research
progress
mechanism
lightening
or
whitening
effects
that
are
clinically
common
experimentally
proven.
Moreover,
we
outline
novel
formulations
treating
including
liposomes,
nanoparticles,
microemulsions,
microneedles,
tocosomes.
Finally,
pharmacodynamic
evaluation
methods
study
disorder
were
first
systematically
analyzed.
In
brief,
this
review
aims
collect
investigate
their
formulation
design
provide
insights
development
new
complex
disease.
Dermatologic Therapy,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
2025(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Background:
Melasma
is
a
challenging
hyperpigmentation
disorder
without
absolute
treatment.
Aims:
This
study
aimed
to
evaluate
the
effects
of
intradermal
botulinum
toxin
A
(BoNT‐A)
on
melasma
and
protective
BoNT‐A
UVA‐induced
melanogenesis
in
B16F10
melanoma
cells.
Patients/Methods:
split‐face
randomized,
double‐blind,
placebo‐controlled
trial
12
patients
who
received
abobotulinumtoxinA
injection
into
lesions.
An
vitro
was
also
conducted
cells
treated
with
different
concentrations
prior
exposure
UVA.
Cell
viability
cellular
were
determined.
Results:
The
adjusted
MASI
scores
side
significantly
lower
than
control
at
3
months
after
injection,
2.8
versus
4.5
(
p
<
0.001),
respectively.
reduced
score
2
compared
baseline
4.1–3.2
(22%)
0.001)
(31.7%)
Melanin
content
tyrosinase
activity
or
UVA
irradiation
by
treatment
dose‐dependent
manner
causing
cytotoxicity.
Conclusions:
has
potentially
beneficial
effect
due
its
antimelanogenic
effect.
Trial
Registration:
Clinical
Registry
identifier:
TCTR20250118001
