Obesity and Dyslipidemia: A Review of Current Evidence

Current Obesity Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 207 - 222

Published: July 6, 2023

Language: Английский

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Obesity: a gender-view

Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 47(2), P. 299 - 306

Published: Sept. 23, 2023

Abstract Purpose There is a growing awareness of the importance understanding gender differences in obesity. The aim this short review was to revise current evidence on anthropometric characteristics and nutritional pharmacological aspects obesity from perspective. Methods A literature search within PubMed performed. Selected publications related were reviewed. Results prevalence among men higher than women, but women have percentage body fat content compared men, appears be an important factor manifestation central (android) or peripheral (gynoid) In addition, while most clinical trials, are still underrepresented, registration trials anti-obesity drugs, commonly up-represented gender-specific analysis uncommon. Considering that adipose tissue one factors affecting volume distribution many mainly lipophilic might expected pharmacokinetics pharmacodynamics drugs. Indeed, although Liraglutide 3 mg, long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, naltrexone/bupropion display properties, currently, gender–dose adjustment for both these drugs administration not recommended. despite predicted responders treatment offer substantial opportunities efficient use, especially expensive new therapies, such as data identify early yet been investigated. Finally, bariatric surgery disparity reflects healthcare practices. Weight loss similar, differing effects: need more correction face psychology challenges; worse physiology fewer comorbidity improvements. Conclusion Gender exist phenotype, distribution, drug efficacy, trial representation, different secondary effects surgery. variable analysis.

Language: Английский

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Sex- and Gender-Related Differences in Obesity: From Pathophysiological Mechanisms to Clinical Implications

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(13), P. 7342 - 7342

Published: July 4, 2024

Obesity, primarily characterized by excessive fat accumulation, is a multifactorial chronic disease with an increasing global prevalence. Despite the well-documented epidemiology and significant advances in understanding its pathophysiology clinical implications, impact of sex typically overlooked obesity research. Worldwide, women have higher likelihood to become obese compared men. Although are offered weight loss interventions more often at earlier stages than men, they vulnerable psychopathology. Men, on other hand, less likely pursue intervention susceptible metabolic implications obesity. In this narrative review, we comprehensively explored sex- gender-specific differences development obesity, focusing variety biological variables, such as body composition, distribution energy partitioning, steroid hormones gut microbiota diversity, chromosomal genetic behavioural sociocultural variables influencing men women. Sex obesity-related comorbidities varying effectiveness different also extensively discussed.

Language: Английский

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Sex-differences in Mediterranean diet: a key piece to explain sex-related cardiovascular risk in obesity? A cross-sectional study

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Abstract Background Mediterranean Diet (MD) has many health benefits, particularly in reducing cardiovascular risk (CVR). However, it is still little known if there are any sex differences following this nutritional pattern and, thus, the potential sex-related repercussions on CVR obesity. The study aimed to characterize adherence MD and its association with factors subjects Methods A total of 968 females (33.81 ± 11.06 years; BMI 34.14 7.43 kg/m 2 ) 680 males (aged 34.77 11.31years; 33.77 8.13 were included a cross-sectional observational study. Lifestyle habits, anthropometric parameters, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), evaluated. Results Females had significantly higher lower hs-CRP levels than (p < 0.001). Additionally, consumed more vegetables, fruits, legumes, fish/seafood, nuts, sofrito sauce less quantity olive oil, butter, cream, margarine, red/processed meats, soda drinks = 0.001), red wine, commercial sweets confectionery their counterparts. PREDIMED score ≤ 6 was associated increased both sexes. Conclusions MD, CVR, different food preferences males. Although same threshold been identified as spy preference individual foods could explain impact Graphical

Language: Английский

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Obesity management: sex-specific considerations

Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 309(5), P. 1745 - 1752

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Obesity is a global health issue that has grown to epidemic proportions. According World Health Organisation (WHO), overweight and obesity are responsible for more than 1.2 million deaths in Europe each year, representing > 13% of the region's total mortality. Highly processed, calorie-dense foods reduced physical activity considered as primary drivers obesity, but genetic predisposition also plays significant role. Notably, prevalent women men most countries, several obesity-related comorbidities exhibit sex-specific pathways. Treatment indication depends on BMI (body mass index), well existing risk factors. To reduce obesity-associated comorbidities, permanent reduction body weight (at least) 5-10% recommended. guidelines suggest an escalating stepwise approach including lifestyle intervention, pharmacotherapy, bariatric-metabolic surgery. As cumulative evidence suggests differences loss outcomes, there growing interest considerations management. However, trials do not report or changes composition separately men. Here, we discuss state-of-the-art management focus current data about impact sex outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Global, regional, and national burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus caused by high BMI from 1990 to 2021, and forecasts to 2045: analysis from the global burden of disease study 2021

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Objective To produce estimates of the global burden type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) caused by high body mass index (high BMI) and its impact for 2021 projections 2045. Methods We downloaded data from Global Burden Disease Study 2021(GBD 2021) to estimate disease T2DM BMI. Secondary analyses were performed year, age, gender, region, socio-demographic (SDI). Results Globally, all-ages number T2DM-related deaths has increased significantly 238.1 thousand 723.7 thousand, representing a 203.9% increase since 1990. And T2DM-raleted DALYs raised 10.4 million 39.3 million, 276.7% The was expected continue 1296.7 2045 deaths, 85.5 DALYs. curves showed an intersection different genders around age 60, beyond which women exhibit higher burden, compared men. BMI shows significant upward trend across all SDI groups, with heavier on women, especially in postmenopausal female population. In 2021, among 204 countries territories, top 3 largest occurred China, India, United States. three highest rate Fiji, Marshall Islands, Kiribati. Conclusion Our study reveals that is increasing rising future. Women bear particularly there are differences geographical regions, socioeconomic statuses. Targeted considerations specific strategies essential address these disparities, thereby improving public health reducing burden.

Language: Английский

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Update on Management of Cardiovascular Diseases in Women

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 1176 - 1176

Published: Feb. 22, 2022

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have a lower prevalence in women than men; although, higher mortality rate and poorer prognosis are more common women. However, there is misperception of CVD female risk since commonly been considered protected so that the real threat vastly underestimated. Consequently, patients likely to be treated less aggressively, diagnostic interventional procedures performed men. In addition, substantial sex differences CVD, different strategies needed. This review aims evaluate main gender-specific approaches CVD.

Language: Английский

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Prevalence and associated factors of overweight and obesity among persons with type 2 diabetes in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Annals of Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 55(1), P. 696 - 713

Published: Feb. 23, 2023

Type 2 diabetes and obesity are serious public health concerns globally a growing burden in Africa. Both conditions have repercussions on when they co-occur, yet the extent of their co-occurrence Africa remains unknown. Therefore, this review aimed to identify prevalence associated factors overweight among persons with type

Language: Английский

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Sex differences in blood pressure regulation and hypertension: renal, hemodynamic, and hormonal mechanisms

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 104(1), P. 199 - 251

Published: July 21, 2023

The teleology of sex differences has been argued since at least as early Aristotle's controversial

Language: Английский

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Neurobiology of eating behavior, nutrition, and health

Journal of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 294(5), P. 582 - 604

Published: July 10, 2023

Eating behavior and food-related decision making are among the most complex of motivated behaviors, understanding neurobiology eating behavior, its developmental dynamics, is critical to advancing nutritional sciences public health. Recent advances from both human animal studies revealing that individual capacity make health-promoting food decisions varies based on biological physiological variation in signaling pathways regulate homeostatic, hedonic, executive functions; past exposures current life-stage; environment; complications chronic disease reinforce obese state. rate drives increased calorie intake represents an important opportunity lower rates consumption energy through product reformulation. Understanding behaviors nutrition context neuroscience can strengthen evidence base which dietary guidelines derived inform policies, practices, educational programs a way increases likelihood they adopted effective for reducing obesity other diet-related disease.

Language: Английский

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