Social, clinical, and policy implications of ultra-processed food addiction

BMJ, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e075354 - e075354

Published: Oct. 9, 2023

Language: Английский

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Ultra-processed foods and health: a comprehensive review

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 63(31), P. 10836 - 10848

Published: June 6, 2022

Dramatically increasing trends in consumption of ultra-processed foods have been reported across the globe. Public concern about health consequences is high. This manuscript provides a comprehensive review global foods, dietary nutrient profile demographic, socioeconomic, psychological, and behavioral characteristics food consumers, current evidence from longitudinal studies at population level on association between major outcomes (including all-cause cause-specific mortality, cardiovascular disease, overweight obesity, body composition fat deposition, diabetes, cancer, gastrointestinal other diseases), potential mechanisms linking with these (nutrient displacement, factors that influence adiposity, processing), challenges future research directions. The generally unfavorable accumulating associating outcomes, uncertainties complexities putative all highlight need for high-quality epidemiologic mechanistic investigations this topic. It critical to interpret findings light totality evidence.

Language: Английский

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Ultra-Processed Food Addiction: A Research Update

Current Obesity Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 214 - 223

Published: May 18, 2024

Detail recent advancements in the science on ultra-processed food (UPF) addiction, focusing estimated prevalence rates and emerging health disparities; progress towards identifying biological underpinnings behavioral mechanisms; implications for weight management.

Language: Английский

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Structural equation modeling of adverse childhood experiences, ultra-processed food intake, and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, ultra-processed food addiction, and eating disorder among adults seeking nutrition counseling in Los Angeles, CA

Appetite, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 208, P. 107938 - 107938

Published: March 2, 2025

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), such as abuse, neglect, or household violence, have been identified significant risk factors for a multitude of physical and psychological conditions, motivating research to identify contributing mechanisms conditions. Substantial evidence exists that supports strong associations between ACEs symptoms post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), eating disorders (EDs), addictive disorders. Recent has also elucidated link ultra-processed food addiction (UPFA), clinical presentation resembling substance use with foods (UPFs; e.g., pastries, packaged snacks, sweetened beverages). Yet, no our knowledge explored causal mediation pathways ACEs, consumption patterns UPFs, PTSD, UPFA, ED. In sample 304 adults seeking dietary counseling in private practice specializing mental health nutrition, this study conducted analyses structural equation modeling test conceptual model the hypothesized contributions UPF intake UPFA explaining relationships PTSD Symptoms fully mediated (99.4%) positive relationship ED 51.0% ACE-UPFA association. Greater frequency 23.7% symptoms, 73.8% symptomology. Relatedly, explained 46.0% association indicators pathology. Structural indicated all when analyzed simultaneously. This found influences represent blind spot current trauma-informed treatment approaches disordered eating.

Language: Английский

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Ultra-Processed Foods and Mental Health: Where Do Eating Disorders Fit into the Puzzle?

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(12), P. 1955 - 1955

Published: June 19, 2024

Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) like pastries, packaged snacks, fast foods, and sweetened beverages have become dominant in the modern food supply are strongly associated with numerous public health concerns. While physical consequences of UPF intake been well documented (e.g., increased risks cardiometabolic conditions), less empirical discussion has emphasized mental chronic consumption. Notably, unique characteristics UPFs artificially high levels reinforcing ingredients) influence biological processes dopamine signaling) a manner that may contribute to poorer psychological functioning for some individuals. Importantly, gold-standard behavioral lifestyle interventions treatments specifically disordered eating do not acknowledge direct role play sensitizing reward-related neural functioning, disrupting metabolic responses, motivating subsequent cravings intake. The lack consideration influences on is particularly problematic given growing scientific support addictive properties these utility ultra-processed addiction (UPFA) as novel clinical phenotype endorsed by 14–20% individuals across international samples. overarching aim present review summarize science how affect health, emphasizing contributing mechanisms. Specifically, authors will (1) describe corporate-sponsored research financial agendas contributed contention debate about health; (2) define their nutritional characteristics; (3) observed associations between conditions, especially depression; (4) outline evidence UPFA; (5) nuanced treatment considerations comorbid UPFA disorders.

Language: Английский

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Dietary intake in children and adolescents with food addiction: A systematic review

Addictive Behaviors Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19, P. 100531 - 100531

Published: Jan. 23, 2024

Food addiction (FA) is characterized by behavioral changes related to the consumption of palatable foods, marked dependence, impulsivity, and compulsion. Children adolescents are more vulnerable FA owing their significant ultra-processed foods. This review aims investigate differences in dietary intake pediatric populations with without FA. We conducted a systematic literature review. PubMed, ScienceDirect, PsycINFO databases were searched up July 2023. Potentially eligible studies independently checked two researchers. The methodological quality included was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for analytical cross-sectional studies. Of 4868 articles identified, six included. All had high quality. High calories fat observed children A diet analysis showed that such as sugary drinks, sweets, chips, Given these findings, we concluded childhood may be associated higher energy and, consequently, macronutrients. Few have examined relationship between food childhood, required.

Language: Английский

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Low carbohydrate and psychoeducational programs show promise for the treatment of ultra-processed food addiction

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Sept. 28, 2022

Food addiction, specifically ultra-processed food has been discussed in thousands of peer-reviewed publications. Although 20% adults meet criteria for this condition, addiction is not a recognized clinical diagnosis, leading to dearth tested treatment protocols and published outcome data. Growing numbers clinicians are offering services individuals on the basis that construct utility. This audit reports teams across three locations common approach programs delivered online. Each team focused whole low-carbohydrate along with delivering educational materials psychosocial support relating recovery. The involved weekly sessions 10-14 weeks, followed by monthly support. data comprised pre- post- program outcomes symptoms measured modified Yale Addiction Scale 2.0, ICD-10 related substance use disorder (CRAVED), mental wellbeing as short version Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, body weight. Sample size was 103 participants. were significantly reduced settings; mYFAS2 score -1.52 (95% CI: -2.22, -0.81), CRAVED -1.53 -1.93, -1.13) weight -2.34 kg -4.02, -0.66). showed significant improvements all 2.37 1.55, 3.19). Follow-up will be due course. Further research needed evaluate compare long-term interventions complex increasingly burdensome biopsychosocial condition.

Language: Английский

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Exploring Food Addiction Across Several Behavioral Addictions: Analysis of Clinical Relevance

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(7), P. 1279 - 1279

Published: April 6, 2025

Recently, interest in studying food addiction (FA) the context of behavioral addictions (BAs) has increased. However, research remains limited to determine FA prevalence among various BAs. The current study aimed investigate a clinical sample patients seeking treatment for gaming disorder, compulsive buying-shopping disorder (CBSD), sexual behavior and comorbid presence multiple BAs, as well sociodemographic characteristics, personality traits, general psychopathology this population. In addition, we analyzed whether is linked higher mean body mass index (BMI). included 209 (135 men 74 women) attending specialized unit. assessment semi-structured interview diagnosis abovementioned addition self-reported psychometric assessments (using Yale Food Addiction Scale 2. 0, YFAS-2), CBSD Pathological Buying Screener, PBS), Symptom Checklist-Revised, SCL-90-R), traits Temperament Character Inventory-Revised, TCI-R), emotional regulation Difficulties Emotion Regulation Strategies, DERS), impulsivity Impulsive Behavior Scale, UPPS-P). comparison between groups profile was performed using logistic regression (categorical variables) analysis covariance (ANCOVA), adjusted based on patients' gender. chi-square tests categorical variables variance (ANOVA) quantitative measures. total 22.49%. highest observed (31.3%), followed by (24.7%), BAs (14.3%). No group differences (FA+/-) were found relation variables, but comorbidity any BA associated more with females having greater psychopathology, dysregulation, levels impulsivity, BMI. high compared previous studies (22.49%), it also severity dysfunctionality. Emotional distress high, which suggests that may be employing behaviors cope psychological distress. better understanding latent mechanisms contribute progression multifaceted needed. One aspect future could consider explore existence symptoms early routinely

Language: Английский

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Low carbohydrate and psychoeducational programs show promise for the treatment of ultra-processed food addiction: 12-month follow-up

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 14, 2025

The topic of ultra-processed food addiction has been the subject many peer-reviewed publications. Although on average 14% adults may meet criteria for in prevalence studies, it is not a recognized clinical diagnosis, hence lack published evidence-based treatment protocols and outcome data. In 2022, we reported outcomes pre- post-intervention from an online, real food-based, low-carbohydrate educational program with psychosocial support related to recovery. intervention was delivered across three locations, offering common approach. programs comprised weekly online sessions 10–14 weeks, followed by monthly groups. previously data were relating symptoms measured modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0, ICD-10 substance use disorder (CRAVED), mental well-being as short version Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, post-intervention. current report focuses same cohort’s 6- 12-month follow-up show significant, sustained improvement well-being. These are first long-term results be program. Research now needed evaluate compare other interventions this impairing increasingly prevalent biopsychosocial condition.

Language: Английский

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The Food Addiction Clinical Treatment (FACT) Manual: A Harm Reduction Treatment Approach

Behavioral Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 557 - 557

Published: July 1, 2024

While the construct of food addiction has been controversial, there is growing evidence that certain foods can activate biobehavioral and neurological mechanisms consistent with to other substances. Despite increased acceptance as addictive substances amongst scientific community, a paucity interventions available are uniquely suited for treatment this condition. Further, many disordered eating models currently utilized seemingly at odds, former often recommending complete abstinence from trigger latter promoting intake all in moderation. The Food Addiction Clinical Treatment (FACT) manual was created an alternative using empirically supported harm-reduction model specifically targeted treat features addiction. purpose current article expose readers key tenets FACT manual, demonstrate feasibility intervention sample participants severe addiction, discuss future directions Positive outcomes provide preliminary efficacy minimal negative adverse effects. Future research randomized control trials longer follow-up needed validate

Language: Английский

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