The role of agroforestry in restoring Brazil's Atlantic Forest: Opportunities and challenges for smallholder farmers

People and Nature, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 4(2), P. 462 - 480

Published: Jan. 23, 2022

Abstract Restoring the degraded Atlantic Forest is one of biggest conservation challenges in Brazil. In a biome with high human presence, understanding potential for restoration approaches, such as agroforestry, to provide benefits smallholder farmers and biodiversity essential developing equitable strategies. Smallholder or family are national food security, producing most fruit vegetables consumed Their farms can also ecological stepping stones biodiversity. To better understand their role restoration, this study explores use agroforestry by from Movimento Sem Terra (MST), Rural Landless Workers' Movement, Pontal do Paranapanema. We quantitative qualitative data assess farmer perceptions measures which support farming, barriers implementation its impact on indicators wellbeing. find report significant 8 18 tested indicators. Attitudes varied, but common themes emerge including value tree cover shade cooling effects, difficulties selling products. Our results show lack policy initial investment needs constraints opportunity cost not considered large barrier. Tailored policies financial needed integrate thousands into agenda, helping reach targets while supporting rural livelihoods security. Further research required links between additional socio‐economic biogeographical variables uptake region.

Language: Английский

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Application of ionomics and ecological stoichiometry in conservation biology: Nutrient demand and supply in a changing environment

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 272, P. 109622 - 109622

Published: June 10, 2022

The application of ionomics and ecological stoichiometry benefits conservation biology with necessary evolutionary relevance, allowing unresolved problems to be addressed. use enables consideration that changes in the environmental nutritional supply affect ecophysiology, behavior, health fitness individuals, influencing their interactions population functioning. resulting knowledge can help promote better restoration strategies. Ultimately, facilitate improved forecasting mitigation negative effects current global change. Here, we present theoretical background followed by biological conservation. We also propose avenues for future research. For example, larval adult pollinating insects belong different feeding guilds, larvae rely on various stoichiometrically (im)balanced foods (showing herbivory, pollinivory, detritivory or even carnivory). Therefore, ecology diversity pollinators may shaped quality food, which is required physiological development into fully functional adults. Although a stoichiometric balance during crucial pollinator fitness, focused needs Another example atmospheric CO2 increases leading nutrient dilution plant tissues, aggravating imbalances consumers challenging Earth's herbivore populations. CO2-driven food webs, ecosystems human wellbeing. However, our understanding this phenomenon minimal. These other studied solved using stoichiometry.

Language: Английский

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Crop visitation by wild bees declines over an 8‐year time series: A dramatic trend, or just dramatic between‐year variation?

Insect Conservation and Diversity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 522 - 533

Published: June 1, 2022

Abstract Despite widespread recognition of the need for long‐term monitoring pollinator abundances and pollination service provision, such studies are exceedingly rare. In this study, we assess changes in bee visitation net capture rates 73 species visiting watermelon crop flowers at 19 farms mid‐Atlantic region United States from 2005 to 2012. Over 8 years, found a 58% decline wild flowers, but no significant change honey rate. Most types bees showed similar declines both data; bumble bees, however, declined by 56% data rates. Trends services, that is, estimated pollen deposition, largely followed trends While detected large when using generalised linear mixed models (GLMMs), permutation analyses account non‐directional variation abundance were non‐significant, demonstrating challenge identifying describing highly variable populations. As far as aware, article represents one fewer than 10 published time‐series (defined >5 years data) abundance, only two conducted an agricultural setting. More needed order understand magnitude its ramifications pollination.

Language: Английский

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People, Crops, and Bee Farming: Landscape Models for a Symbiotic Network in Greece

Land, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 430 - 430

Published: Feb. 7, 2023

Despite the rising awareness of mutual benefits pollination, agricultural production, and biodiversity, Greek planning has scarcely moved toward patterns pollinator-friendly farm design models. This paper presents data from preliminary research analysis that defined generic landscape models can enhance symbiotic associations between farming production beekeeping in Greece. The main objective is to determine tailor-made contribute a portfolio actions easily apprehensible by non-technical audiences sector who want introduce biodiversity enhancements monoculture farming, fostering safer, poisonous-free environment for introduced honeybees, simultaneously helping augment their yields. A study was conducted four estates Thessaly Peloponnese involving apple citrus orchards, hemp cultivation. It combined assessment land cover classes with regard provision foraging habitat, suitability, description connectivity characteristics, emerging spatial natural corridors, patches, edges at an observation perimeter around each farm. Assessment these informed planting enrichment integration such as meadows shrub corridors. Pilot installations hives areas characteristics presented resulted 8% 12% bigger fruits 30% 50% increase total yield. We conclude enhancement are important attribute ecosystem services require understanding specific geographical parameters render operational bee pollination.

Language: Английский

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Adapting to climate extremes: Implications for insect populations and sustainable solutions

Journal for Nature Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 79, P. 126602 - 126602

Published: March 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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Habitat heterogeneity helps to mitigate pollinator nectar sugar deficit and discontinuity in an agricultural landscape

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 782, P. 146909 - 146909

Published: April 6, 2021

Language: Английский

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Potential of Beekeeping to Support the Livelihood, Economy, Society, and Environment of Indonesia

Forests, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 321 - 321

Published: Feb. 6, 2023

The management of natural resources based on socio-economic and ecology development has led to a focus the bioeconomy in policy discourse non-timber forest products (NTFPs). Honey is an important NTFP with high value, its production involves millions Indonesians. This article reviews current status honey-producing bee management, cultivation harvesting system, marketing values, industry’s environmental function Indonesia. research utilized meta-narrative review method collect data information from Google Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct, ResearchGate, Sinta, Garuda. study showed that four species, namely Apis mellifera, cerana, dorsata, stingless bee, are most common species honey have specific characteristics habitat, capacity, derivative products, intervention meet product standards, sustainable livelihoods. value chain bees’ major such as honey, propolis, pollen, royal jelly, wax, other distribution all involved communities, including beekeepers, gatherers/hunters, intermediate traders, processing industry. also found significant association between sustainability statutes affects functional economic function. finding parallels global trends put forward forest-based approach resource management. must be strengthened managing relationships among supporting actors for production.

Language: Английский

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Plant–pollinator interactions in urban ecosystems worldwide: A comprehensive review including research funding and policy actions

AMBIO, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 50(4), P. 884 - 900

Published: Nov. 27, 2020

Language: Английский

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Pollinator conservation requires a stronger and broader application of the precautionary principle

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 46, P. 95 - 105

Published: April 28, 2021

The accumulating scientific evidence on global insect and pollinator decline is fuelling calls for conservation policies. A broad range of regulating incentivising policies undoubtedly needed to address the diverse threats abundance diversity, but implementing regulations beset by socio-political challenges. Lessons could be learned from past current applications concepts central biodiversity conservation. Given uncertainties data gaps, concept Precautionary Principle (PP) particularly important. PP means that when it scientifically plausible human activities may lead morally unacceptable harm, actions shall taken avoid or diminish harm: uncertainty should not an excuse delay action. This paper reviews role in research front fragmented: briefly mentioned as relevant literature because regarding their drivers. separate strand contains studies specific cases where has played a regulation pollinators: systemic insecticides trade bees. Although limited two significant these provide important lessons challenges precautionary underline aspects 'human-dimensions' Specifically, they highlight ambiguity greater challenge than uncertainty, which heightened are intended regulate economic sectors. We suggest more attention paid discrepancy between formally included its inadequate implementation (too little too late) context societal conflict.

Language: Английский

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Global Justice and the Biodiversity Crisis

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Abstract The world is currently facing a biodiversity crisis that existing conservation policies have failed to arrest. Policymakers, academics, and the public are coming recognize much more ambitious in order. But raises major issues of global justice—even if connection between justice too seldom made. lion’s share funding spent North, even though most exists South, local people can often scarcely afford make sacrifices interests conservation. Many responses threaten exacerbate injustices, lock into poverty, exploit world’s poor. At extreme, aimed at protecting also been associated with exclusion, dispossession, violence. This book investigates how might be conserved without producing injustice. It distinguishes likely injustice promise reduce them. explains struggle formulate implement just vital our planet’s future.

Language: Английский

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