Physical Activity and Cognitive Functioning

Medicina, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 60(2), P. 216 - 216

Published: Jan. 26, 2024

Neuroscience applied to motor activity is a growing area that aims understand the effects of on structures and functions Central Nervous System. Attention has been paid this multidisciplinary field investigation by scientific community both because it great importance in treatment many chronic diseases its potential applications Movement Sciences. Motor during developmental age is, fact, an indispensable tool for physical mental growth children, able-bodied disabled. Through movement, individuals can improve their efficiency promote own better health, establish relationships with environment others, express themselves emotions, form identity develop cognitive processes. This literature review aims, therefore, highlight how adequate practice offers extraordinary possibilities everyone relation learning, from perspective integral development person, and, consequently, raise awareness those involved training growth, especially youngest, towards educational value sports activities. According review, line modern neuroscientific approach toward between activities functions, possible claim hypokinesia tends inhibit learning. Therefore, now seems more topical than ever draw attention need introduce working proposals integrate brain-based programs into school curriculum.

Language: Английский

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Components of Effective Exergame-based Training to Improve Cognitive Functioning in Middle-Aged to Older Adults - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 99, P. 102385 - 102385

Published: June 22, 2024

Exergame-based training is currently considered a more promising approach than conventional physical and/or cognitive training.

Language: Английский

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Physical activity and exercise health benefits: cancer prevention, interception, and survival

European Journal of Cancer Prevention, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(1), P. 24 - 39

Published: May 29, 2024

Physical activity (PA) has an established role in the promotion of health and fitness prevention disease. Expected overall benefits include reduction all-cause morbidity death, weight control, improved quality life, bone decreased falls elderly subjects, , deeper cognition, reduced risk depression, anxiety, sleeplessness. Currently, PA is a mainstay management cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, health. Recently, perception its primary secondary prevention, interception, treatment cancer, however, also gaining importance. Regular walking, simplest type PA, associated with disease mortality, cancer increasing interest. Furthermore, improves life patients, attenuating side effects chemotherapy, decreasing sarcopenia, fitness, inhibiting recurrence progression some types. It promotes emotional psychological inducing positive changes. While mechanisms, effective levels useful amount practice are well cardiology, they yet to be fully determined oncology. Nevertheless, recommended reduce general population, it been introduced programs for second cancers. In perspective, will help as integrative therapy patients survivors. The number beneficial continuum highlighted this review.

Language: Английский

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Factors Affecting Resilience and Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias

Annals of Neurology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 96(4), P. 633 - 649

Published: Aug. 17, 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating, age‐associated neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia. The clinical continuum AD spans from preclinical to subjective cognitive decline, mild impairment, dementia stages (mild, moderate, severe). Neuropathologically, defined by accumulation amyloid β (Aβ) into extracellular plaques in brain parenchyma cerebral vasculature, abnormally phosphorylated tau that accumulates intraneuronally forming neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Development treatment approaches prevent or even reduce decline because has been slow compared other major causes death. Recently, United States Food Drug Administration gave full approval 2 different Aβ‐targeting monoclonal antibodies. However, this breakthrough modifying approach only applies limited subset patients there are stringent eligibility criteria. Furthermore, these do not progression disease, AD‐related pathologies, such as NFTs, directly targeted. A non‐mutually exclusive alternative address lifestyle interventions can help risk dementias (ADRD). It estimated addressing modifiable factors could potentially delay up 40% AD/ADRD cases. In review, we discuss some many may be associated with prevention and/or increasing resilience, well interact influence progression. [Color figure viewed at www.annalsofneurology.org ] ANN NEUROL 2024;96:633–649

Language: Английский

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“Brain‐IT”: Exergame training with biofeedback breathing in neurocognitive disorders

Alzheimer s & Dementia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(7), P. 4747 - 4764

Published: May 29, 2024

The combination of exergame-based motor-cognitive training with resonance breathing guided by heart-rate variability biofeedback (HRV-BF) targets various relevant mechanisms action to alleviate the pathological state in mild neurocognitive disorders (mNCD).

Language: Английский

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Distress Symptoms of Old Age and Mild Cognitive Impairment are Two Distinct Dimensions in Older Adults Without Major Depression

Psychology Research and Behavior Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 17, P. 101 - 116

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Background: Studies in old adults showed bidirectional interconnections between amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and affective symptoms that adverse childhood experiences (ACE) may affect both factors. Nevertheless, these associations be confined to older with clinical depression. Aim: To delineate the relationship of aMCI without major depression (MDD) or dysfunctions activities daily living (ADL). Methods: This case-control study recruited 61 participants (diagnosed using Petersen's criteria) 59 excluded subjects MDD ADL dysfunctions. Results: We uncovered 2 distinct dimensions, namely distress age (DSOA), comprising symptoms, perceived stress neuroticism, dysfunctions, episodic memory test scores, total Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores. A large part variance (37.9%) DSOA scores was explained by ACE, negative life events (health financial problems), a subjective feeling decline, education (all positively). ACE NLE have highly significant impact on score are not associated its severity. Cluster analysis diagnosis is overinclusive because some incorrectly classified as aMCI. Conclusion: The clinicians should carefully screen for after excluding MDD. might misinterpreted Keywords: depression, experiences, impairments, disorders, events, neurocognitive deficits

Language: Английский

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Commentary on: physical activity and exercise for mild cognitive impairment and dementia: a collaborative international guideline

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(1)

Published: April 23, 2024

Physical inactivity is an important, but potentially reversible risk factor for dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). There literature about physical activity exercise the prevention management of MCI, this had not been previously synthesized into specific guidelines topic. A recent guideline on in MCI was published, authored by several international societies, including lay representatives. In commentary, we discuss implications guidance healthcare professionals, caregivers, representatives involved care people with dementia.The highlight importance cognitively healthy persons at different stages these conditions. For primary dementia, may be suggested persons. mind-body interventions, such as yoga, have greatest evidence, whilst role requires more evidence from high-quality randomized controlled trials. living moderately severe useful maintaining function. are benefits separate their impact outcomes. The also proposed some questions future research. conclusion, there limited beneficial preserving functions subjects normal cognition, or dementia. support promotion based effects almost all facets health.

Language: Английский

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Mediterranean Diet and Lifestyle in Persons with Mild to Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(19), P. 3421 - 3421

Published: Oct. 9, 2024

Due to the continuous aging of population and consequent increase in dementia, focus on its prevention is growing importance for public health. Since effective pharmacological treatments are not yet available, other determinants cognitive decline have become fundamental. Several studies indicated that Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) associated with reduced incident but few been conducted persons already diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We age-matched 73 patients mild–moderate AD controls (mean age whole group = 76.5 ± 6.5; 67.5% women). The cases had a significantly lower adherence MedDiet physical activity vs. controls, where only one participant (1.4%) high among compared 5.5% while 52.5% moderate 82.2% controls. In multivariate analysis, presence was Other factors examined (gender, age, level, multimorbidity, polypharmacy) were MedDiet. Thus, low very activity. Public health strategies aimed at promoting older people should be priority.

Language: Английский

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Neighborhood environment and cognitive functioning in middle-aged and older population: A mediating role of physical activity

International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 264, P. 114521 - 114521

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Evidence on the impact of complex neighborhood environment, including air pollution, greenness, and socioeconomic deprivation (nSED) cognitive health in older adults remains scarce. Both cognition environment are associated with physical activity, but little is known about potential mediating role activity this association. Cross-sectional data Czech arm HAPIEE cohort study examined 4,178 participants (55.6% women) aged 45-69 years. Global score was constructed from memory, verbal fluency, concentration domains. The exposures, assigned to participant's addresses, include 4-year (2000-2003) average concentrations PM2.5, greenness index calculated tree crown canopy cover estimation (2000), census-based nSED characteristics. Physical other covariates were assessed by a questionnaire. Structural equation modelling used estimate standardized β coefficients for relationships between performance. After controlling range covariates, global function inversely PM2.5 (β = -0.087; 95%CI: 0.122 -0.052) -0.147; 0.182 -0.115), positively 0.036; 0.001 0.069). We identified weak statistically significant associations exposures score. Total mediation proportions ranged 3.9% 6.5% respectively. individuals; partially mediated activity.

Language: Английский

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The WPA Section on Preventive Psychiatry: report on 2014‐2024 activities

World Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1), P. 150 - 151

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Preventive psychiatry is a comprehensive field within that encompasses the prevention of mental disorders and promotion health. Clinically, it applies across lifespan, at any stage illness, bio-psycho-social framework. It transcends psychiatric subspecialties equally relevant to fields such as public health policy. The significance preventive profound: estimates based on 2019 Global Burden Disease study suggest account for up 16% global disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), with associated costs ranging from 4 8% national gross domestic product, depending region. A considerable portion this burden potentially preventable, secondary tertiary interventions capable reducing clinical progression disability, thereby also alleviating economic impact. Mental promotion, arguably even more critical than disorders, addresses entire population, focusing enhancing quality rather being nosocentric. These considerations explain why central focus current WPA Action Plan1, has been in all Plans 2014 2024. Section Psychiatry seeks increase visibility promote its adoption practice, research, education Between 2024, made significant progress toward these aims. First, organized symposia World Congresses since 2014, contributed over 50 presentations co-sponsored other international meetings. themes addressed included "International issues psychiatry" (World Congress, Madrid 2014), "Preventive psychiatry, substance misuse, early intervention" (WPA meeting, Athens 2015), "Disasters – context responses" Belgrade 2016), community" Berlin 2017), primary care" Lisbon 2019), "Mental emerging adulthood: facets prevention" Bangkok 2021), "Diagnostics, treatment eating disorders" Moscow 2022), "Prevention detection psychosis" thematic conference, Alzheimer's disease", "Non-pharmacological strategies maintaining older adults", "Psychosis prevention: latest updates real-life practice" Vienna 2023). conducted research projects, Education Prevention Intersectional Project (EPIC), collaboration Education, which reviewed teaching curricula medical schools worldwide. This project surveyed 530 schools, revealing vast majority did not include their curricula, less 3% mentioning subject all. findings, though entirely surprising, underscored urgent need psychiatry. We then explored potential using conceptual foundation school curricula. perspective was elaborated book chapter WPA's Advances Psychiatry, Vol. (2019)2, where argued offers distinct educational advantages due relevance medicine, alignment key outcomes (especially attitudes), inclusion essential skills communication, reflective capacity, empathy. integrative anti-stigma further reinforces value. Guideline development Section. European Psychiatric Association (EPA) guidance crises Europe (2016)3, provided evidence-based recommendations effects financial crises; guidelines role exercise dementia (2023)4, large consortium initiative emphasized necessity effective prevention. Guidelines preventing psychosis individuals high risk are currently under review. published 20 journal papers chapters past decade, covering interface areas including consultation-liaison psychiatry5, schizophrenia6, misuse7, crises8, person-centered medicine9, child adolescent psychiatry10, among others. Finally, participated two consortia Union Horizon 2020 projects. Overall, productive decade Psychiatry. Its active members dedicated leadership well equipped continue advancing application supporting integration into training, promoting by policy makers.

Language: Английский

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