Novel interpretation of sperm stress test and morphology for maturity assessment of young Norwegian Red bulls

Animal Reproduction Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 253, P. 107261 - 107261

Published: May 19, 2023

The use of genomic selection significantly reduces the age dairy bulls entering semen production compared to progeny testing. study aimed identify early indicators that could be used for screening during their performance testing period and give us insight into future performance, acceptance AI station, prediction fertility. population consisted 142 young Norwegian Red enrolled at test followed until we received data, doses, and, subsequently, non-return rates (NR56) from station. A range quality parameters were measured with computer-assisted sperm analysis flow cytometry ejaculates collected 65 (9-13 months). morphometry normal spermatozoa was examined, showing 10 months have homogenous morphometry. separated 3 clusters according sperm's reaction patterns stress cryopreservation. Results semi-automated morphology assessment showed 42% rejected station 18% accepted had abnormal scores. For youngest group months, mean (SD) proportion 77.5% (10.6). Using novel interpretation combined consecutive cryopreservation a allowed identification candidate's status. This help breeding companies introduce earlier stations.

Language: Английский

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The flagellar germ‐line hypothesis: How flagellate and ciliate gametes significantly shaped the evolution of organismal complexity

BioEssays, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 44(3)

Published: Dec. 29, 2021

Abstract This essay presents a hypothesis which contends that the development of organismic complexity in eukaryotes depended extensively on propagation via flagellated and ciliated gametes. Organisms utilizing flagellate ciliate gametes to propagate their germ line have contributed most found higher animals. The genes flagellum flagellar assembly system (intraflagellar transport) played disproportionately important role construction complex tissues organs. also proposes competition between large numbers haploid male rigorously conserved functionality key set for more than 700 million years. turn has insured (>600) highly functional cytoskeletal signal pathway is always present lineage organisms with or act as dependable resource, “toolkit,” organ elaboration. Also see video abstract here: https://youtu.be/lC5nC-WOcm8

Language: Английский

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Modeling Diffusive Search by Non-Adaptive Sperm: Empirical and Computational Insights

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 18, 2024

Abstract During fertilization, mammalian sperm undergo a winnowing selection process that reduces the candidate pool of potential fertilizers from ∼10 6 -10 11 cells to 10 1 2 (depending on species). Classical competition theory addresses positive or ‘stabilizing’ acts phenotypes within populations organisms but does not strictly address developmental consequences traits among individual are under purifying during fertilization. It is latter utmost concern for improving assisted reproductive technologies (ART) because ‘low fitness’ may be inadvertently used fertilization interventions rely heavily artificial selection, such as intracytoplasmic injection (ICSI). Importantly, some form in nearly all forms ART (e.g., differential centrifugation, swim-up, hyaluronan binding assays, etc.). To date, there no unifying quantitative framework (i.e., selection) synthesizes causal mechanisms with observed natural variation traits. In this report, we reframe physiological function collective diffusive search and develop multi-scale computational models explore dynamics constrain ‘fitness’ Several experimentally useful concepts developed, including probabilistic measure well an information theoretic magnitude each which assessed systematic increases microenvironmental selective pressure acting motility patterns.

Language: Английский

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From Bench to Babies – Drug Development for Male Subfertility

Reproduction and Fertility, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(4)

Published: Sept. 3, 2024

Infertility is estimated to affect more than 50 million couples around the world, with male factor accounting for half of these cases, yet there a notable absence effective treatment options men, other in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). This review considers unlicensed and empirical treatments used subfertility, including hormonal therapy, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, antioxidants. Compounds generally demonstrate variable improvements in function, but benefits fertility are less clear. There pressing need subfertile men; however, our knowledge function limited, restricting identification precise targets. The traditional drug discovery pathway also notorious its extensive resource time requirements, often extending over decades demanding significant financial investment. Unfortunately, substantial number potential therapies fail before reaching marketplace. Furthermore, reliance on mammalian models not possible development process due variability between animals man. We recent breakthroughs highlight novel methods aimed at improving effectiveness efficiency subfertility. High-throughput screening, combinatorial chemistry, repurposing established medications have great potential. These strategies offer promise accelerating pace development, curbing demand resources, and, case repurposing, diminishing comprehensive pharmacokinetic pharmacodynamic studies. As innovative approaches adopted, feasibility addressing subfertility through scientific advancements appears be increasingly attainable. Lay summary Globally, millions men suffer from infertility, very few exceptions, no cure complex such as vitro fertilisation. article various treat sperm, which been largely unsuccessful date. A issue that we lack detailed understanding how work why do work. Another slow costly because many early on. However, discuss technical technological hope, high-throughput phenotypic allow rapid testing thousands chemicals observe their effects involves generating large numbers compounds find those beneficial properties. Finding relevant new uses prescription drugs could significantly speed up result much-needed infertility.

Language: Английский

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The Difference in Subpopulation Structures in Sex-Sorted and Non-Sorted Semen by Discriminant Analysis of Bull Sperm Motility Data Collected by a Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis System

Andrologia, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2023, P. 1 - 7

Published: May 24, 2023

We examined the motility characteristics of sperm from sex-sorted bull semen as a model for low-quality (expected low conception rate) compared to that non-sorted average using cluster analysis followed by discriminant analysis. The results indicated contained with hyperactivation-like main subpopulation immediately after thawing, and this decreased 2 h incubation. in had progressive was maintained during A conventional comparison mean values kinematic parameters could not distinguish samples. In conclusion, data motile may accurately describe differences structures subpopulations between normal fertility semen.

Language: Английский

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Exposure to silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles at supra-environmental concentrations decreased sperm motility and affected spermatozoa subpopulations in gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata

Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 50(5), P. 1959 - 1970

Published: July 12, 2023

Abstract Marine pollution by nanoparticles (NPs) can be reprotoxic for fish and disturb successful reproduction of wild populations. In gilthead seabream ( Sparus aurata ), a mild effect on sperm motility was observed after exposure to high concentrations silver NPs. Considering the great heterogeneity traits within sample, it is possible that NPs affect spermatozoa accordingly, modulating subpopulation profile. Thus, this work aimed analyse NP effects in general considering population structure, using approach. Seabream samples from mature males were exposed 1 h increasing titanium dioxide (1, 10, 100, 1000 10,000 μg L −1 ) (0.25, 25 250 NPs, including Ag + , dissolved non-activating medium (0.9 % NaCl). Concentrations chosen include realistic (10–100 0.25 respectively, TiO 2 Ag) supra-environmental values. The mean particle diameter determined as 19.34 ± 6.72 21.50 8.27 nm stock suspension, silver. After ex vivo exposure, parameters computer-assisted analysis, subpopulations later identified two-step cluster analysis. Results revealed significant reduction total highest while curvilinear straight-line velocities not altered. Exposure (Ag lowered significantly progressive motilities at all concentrations, lower only concentration. Sperm also affected both cases, levels triggered decrease percentage fast (38.2% 34.8.% 45.0% vs 53.4% control), an increase slow subpopulations. A proven but concentrations.

Language: Английский

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Morphometric assessment of cryopreserved livestock bull spermatozoa in the tropics

Reproduction in Domestic Animals, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 21, 2023

Abstract The identification of different morphometric patterns spermatozoa serves as a basis for improving our understanding the diversity in an ejaculate and to relate them potential fertility males. In this study, we aimed examine semen subpopulation structure, following dilution extenders, using mathematical approach possible application analyses. Ten sexually mature Bos taurus bulls were randomly allotted one three groups: (1) Tris–citric acid–egg yolk extender (Tris‐EY); (2) commercial egg OptiXcell® (3) Triladyl®. results showed significant differences ( p < .05) between extenders terms values head size shape variables individual sperm, indicating influence composition. Sperm width was found significantly differ according extender, decreasing order: OptiXcell ® (4.836 ± 0.017 μm), Triladyl (4.695 0.012 μm) Tris‐EY (4.638 0.010 μm). Principal component analysis allowed us identify two subpopulations , each Tris‐EY. Overall, observed sperm within .05), with bovine species that can be related functionality capabilities.

Language: Английский

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Identification of sperm motility subpopulations in Gyr falcon (Falco rusticolus) ejaculate: a tool for investigating between subject variation

Journal of Animal Reproduciton and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 37(3), P. 193 - 201

Published: Sept. 30, 2022

Artificial insemination technique (AI) forms the core of all falcon breeding programs which are intended to alleviate pressure on wild populations since adult birds this species hardly copulate under captive situation (Bailey and Lierz, 2017).The outcome AI plans largely depends semen characteristics in terms quality quantity (Parks Hardaswick, 1987) often measured by routine laboratory techniques.Accurate assessment avian achieved Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA) as compared conven-

Language: Английский

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Relationship between frame rates and subpopulation structure of bovine sperm divided by their motility analyzed by a computer‐assisted sperm analysis system

Animal Science Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 93(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

The authors investigated the relationship between frame rates and subpopulation structure of bovine sperm divided by their motility analyzed a computer-assisted analysis (CASA). Kinematic parameters incubated in Brackett & Oliphant medium with without calcium ionophore for 0, 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 min were evaluated CASA at 150 frames per second (fps) cluster analysis. Then, we converted data fps to 75, 50, structures different each discriminant As results, was affected rate. Sperm into six clusters 150, 50 fps; on other hand, there five fps. Straight-line velocity similar all rates. However, as rate became higher, curvilinear beat cross frequency head increased significantly, whereas lateral displacement decreased significantly. In conclusion, higher is recommended capture trajectory accurately present study.

Language: Английский

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Post-testicular sperm maturation in ancient holostean species

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Nov. 13, 2023

Abstract Fish speciation was accompanied by changes in the urogenital system anatomy. In evolutionarily modern Teleostei, male reproductive tracts are fully separated from excretory system, while ancient Chondrostei and Holostei, not separated. Sturgeon post-testicular sperm maturation (PTSM) occurring as a result of sperm/urine mixing is phenomenologically well described, while, holosteans, functional intimacy seminal ducts with kidney existence PTSM still need to be addressed. Lepisosteus platostomus (Holostei), samples were collected testes (TS), efferent (EDS), Wolffian (WDS). While WDS motile, no motility found TS EDS. The checked vitro procedure. After EDS incubation fluid WDS, more than 5% motile spermatozoa observed TS, whereas percentage up 75%. Experimental dyeing gars sturgeons revealed some differences interconnection between kidneys. It concluded that occurs suggests infraclass Holostei occupies an intermediate evolutionary position Teleostei anatomical arrangement system.

Language: Английский

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