Biomarkers of aging

Science China Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 66(5), P. 893 - 1066

Published: April 11, 2023

Language: Английский

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Fiber-Type Shifting in Sarcopenia of Old Age: Proteomic Profiling of the Contractile Apparatus of Skeletal Muscles

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(3), P. 2415 - 2415

Published: Jan. 26, 2023

The progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and concomitant reduction in contractile strength plays a central role frailty syndrome. Age-related neuronal impairments are closely associated with sarcopenia the elderly, which is characterized by severe muscular atrophy that can considerably lessen overall quality life at old age. Mass-spectrometry-based proteomic surveys senescent human muscles, as well animal models sarcopenia, have decisively improved our understanding molecular cellular consequences fiber-type shifting during aging. This review outlines spectrometric identification proteome-wide changes atrophying focus on proteins potential markers distribution patterns. observed trend fast-to-slow transitions individual muscles aging process most likely linked to preferential susceptibility fast-twitching fibers atrophy. Studies models, including mostly aged rodent confirmed shifting. analysis fast versus slow isoforms key proteins, such myosin heavy chains, light actins, troponins tropomyosins, suggests them suitable bioanalytical tools

Language: Английский

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Investigating the impact of motion in the scanner on brain age predictions

Imaging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2, P. 1 - 21

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Abstract Brain Age Gap (BAG) is defined as the difference between brain’s predicted age and chronological of an individual. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based BAG can quantify acceleration brain aging, used to infer health aging disease interact. Motion in scanner a common occurrence that affect acquired MRI data act major confound derived models. As such, age-related changes head motion may impact observed differences. However, relationship estimated by structural has not been systematically examined. The aim this study assess on voxel-based morphometry (VBM) based BAG. Data were obtained from two sources: i) T1-weighted (T1w) MRIs Cambridge Centre for Ageing Neuroscience (CamCAN) train prediction model, ii) T1w Movement-related artifacts (MR-ART) dataset MR-ART includes one motion-free motion-affected (one low high) 3D MRIs. We also visually rated levels 0 5, with meaning no 5 high levels. All images pre-processed through standard VBM pipeline. GM density across cortical subcortical regions then model motion. Principal component analysis was perform dimension reduction extract VBM-based features. regressing out portion delta explained age. Linear mixed-effects models investigate session well severity, including participant IDs random effects. repeated same using thickness FreeSurfer 7.4.1 compare results volumetric versus surface-based measures morphometry. In contrast induced motion, significantly higher sessions 2.35 years (t = 5.17, p < 0.0001), marginal effect 0.95 2.11, 0.035) 3.46 11.45, 0.0001) 2.28 7.54, thickness. addition, associated severity evaluated visual rating 0.45 per level 4.59, 0.83 12.89, analysis. estimates, needs be accounted confound, particularly when studying populations are known have scanner. These significant implications studies neurodegeneration. Based these findings, we recommend assessment inclusion ratings such studies. cases proves prohibitive, normalized Euler number manuscript covariate

Language: Английский

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Inflammaging markers characteristic of advanced age show similar levels with frailty and dependency

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Feb. 23, 2021

The improvement of life quality and medical advances has resulted in increased expectancy. Despite this, health status commonly worsens the last years life. Frailty is an intermediate reversible state that often precedes dependency therefore, its identification may be essential to prevent dependency. However, there no consensus on best tools identify frailty. In this sense, diverse molecules have been proposed as potential biomarkers. Some investigations pointed chronic inflammation or inflammaging with frailty, while others did not report such differences. work, we evaluated circulating concentration markers adults older (aged over 70 years) by ELISA Luminex techniques. Barthel Index was applied for evaluation Timed up-and-go, Gait Speed, Short Physical Performance Battery, Tilburg Indicator Gerontopole Screening Tool were used CRP, TNF-α, IL-6 albumin concentrations measured, found elevated present adults, differences frailty reported. Our results consistent all scales, highlighting need reconsider a biomarker

Language: Английский

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Ageing with HIV: Challenges and biomarkers

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 77, P. 103896 - 103896

Published: Feb. 25, 2022

The antiretroviral treatment (ART) developed to control HIV infection led a revolution in the prognosis of people living with (PLWH). PLWH underwent from suffering severe disease and often fatal complications at young ages having chronic condition life expectancy close general population. Nevertheless, age-related diseases increase as age. harmful effect on individual's immune system adds its deterioration during ageing, exacerbating comorbidities. In addition, are more exposed risk factors affecting such coinfections or lifestyles. ART initiation reverses biological ageing process but only partially, additionally can have some toxicities that influence ageing. Observational studies suggest premature PLWH. Therefore, there is considerable interest early prediction unhealthy through validated biomarkers, easy implement HIV-clinical settings. most promising biomarkers second-generation epigenetic clocks integrative algorithms.

Language: Английский

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Telomere length and brain aging: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 80, P. 101679 - 101679

Published: June 29, 2022

The current evidence on the association of leukocyte telomere length (LTL) with age-related structural and cognitive changes in brain is mixed. Herein conforming to PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we performed a systematic review meta-analysis using data from 27 observational studies non-demented individuals. We used effect size p-value based methods considering marked heterogeneity among studies. found that longer LTL was associated higher volume (β = 0.43, 95%CI: 0.36-0.50%, p 0.008, N 1102) global cognition 0.01; 0.00-0.02, 0.03, 19609) by volume, hippocampal cognition, domains attention/speed as well executive functions meta-analysis. No significant white matter hyperintensities detected. Furthermore, strongly suggests subgroup-specific canonical telomeres, notably older individuals females. In conclusion, provide meta-analytic beneficial telomeres structure advocate for warrants further attention.

Language: Английский

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Disentangling the Complexity of Nutrition, Frailty and Gut Microbial Pathways during Aging: A Focus on Hippuric Acid

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 1138 - 1138

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

Hippuric acid (HA) is a metabolite resulting from the hepatic glycine conjugation of benzoic (BA) or gut bacterial metabolism phenylalanine. BA generally produced by microbial metabolic pathways after ingestion foods vegetal origin rich in polyphenolic compounds, namely, chlorogenic acids epicatechins. It can also be present foods, either naturally artificially added as preservative. The plasma and urine HA levels have been used nutritional research for estimating habitual fruit vegetable intake, especially children patients with diseases. has proposed biomarker aging, since its influenced presence several age-related conditions, including frailty, sarcopenia cognitive impairment. Subjects physical frailty exhibit reduced HA, despite fact that excretion tends to increase aging. Conversely, subjects chronic kidney disease clearance, retention may exert toxic effects on circulation, brain kidneys. With regard older multimorbidity, interpreting result particularly challenging because at crossroads between diet, microbiota, liver function. Although these considerations not make ideal aging trajectories, study clearance provide valuable information disentangling complex interaction multimorbidity.

Language: Английский

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Structural characterization and improves cognitive disorder in ageing mice of a glucomannan from Dendrobium huoshanense

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 269, P. 131995 - 131995

Published: April 29, 2024

In the present work, a neutral polysaccharide (DHP-2W) with attenuating cognitive disorder was identified from Dendrobium huoshanense and its structure clarified. The successfully purified D. by column chromatography activity evaluated. With molecular weight of 508.934 kDa, this is composed mannose glucose at molar ratio 75.81: 24.19. Structural characterization revealed that DHP-2W has backbone consisting 4)-β-D-Manp-(1 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1. vivo experiments improved in D-galactose treated mice relieved oxidative stress inflammation. attenuates D-galactose-induced inhibiting Bcl2/Bax/Caspase3 pathway activating AMPK/SIRT pathway, thereby apoptosis. Furthermore, had significant effect on regulating serum levels Flavin adenine dinucleotide, Shikimic acid, Kynurenic acid aged mice. These, turn, positive impact AMPK/SIRT1 Bcl2/Bax/Caspase3, resulting protective effects against disorder.

Language: Английский

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Integrated Multi-Omics for Novel Aging Biomarkers and Antiaging Targets

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 39 - 39

Published: Dec. 28, 2021

Aging is closely related to the occurrence of human diseases; however, its exact biological mechanism unclear. Advancements in high-throughput technology provide new opportunities for omics research understand pathological process various complex diseases. However, single-omics technologies only limited insights into mechanisms DNA, RNA, protein, metabolites, and microorganisms usually play complementary roles perform certain functions together. In this review, we summarize multi-omics methods based on most relevant biomarkers better molecular disease causes. The integration can systematically reveal interactions among aging molecules from a multidimensional perspective. Our review provides regarding discovery biomarkers, aging, identification novel antiaging targets. Overall, data genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, integromics, microbiomics, systems biology contribute candidate targets interventions.

Language: Английский

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Structured Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids for Improvement of Cognitive Function during Aging

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(7), P. 3472 - 3472

Published: March 23, 2022

Although the human lifespan has increased in past century owing to advances medicine and lifestyle, healthspan not kept up same pace, especially brain aging. Consequently, role of preventive health interventions become a crucial strategy, particular, identification nutritional compounds that could alleviate deleterious effects Among nutrients cope with aging special cognitive decline, long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 LCPUFAs) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) eicosapentaenoic (EPA), have emerged as very promising ones. Due their neuroinflammatory resolving effects, an status DHA EPA elderly been linked better function lower risk dementia. However, results from clinical studies do show consistent evidence intake recommendations for old adults are lacking. Recently, supplementation structured forms DHA, which can be derived natural or targeted structures, proven enhanced bioavailability powerful benefits. This review summarizes present future perspectives new structures ω-3 LCPUFAs "omic" technologies combined use high-throughput vivo models shed light on relationships underlying mechanisms between healthy

Language: Английский

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