Short-Chain Fatty-Acid-Producing Bacteria: Key Components of the Human Gut Microbiota

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 2211 - 2211

Published: May 6, 2023

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play a key role in health and disease, as they regulate gut homeostasis their deficiency is involved the pathogenesis of several disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases, colorectal cancer, cardiometabolic disorders. SCFAs are metabolites specific bacterial taxa human microbiota, production influenced by foods or food supplements, mainly prebiotics, direct fostering these taxa. This Review provides an overview SCFAs’ roles functions, SCFA-producing bacteria, from microbiological characteristics taxonomy to biochemical process that lead release SCFAs. Moreover, we will describe potential therapeutic approaches boost levels treat different related diseases.

Language: Английский

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Intermittent fasting and health outcomes: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials

EClinicalMedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 70, P. 102519 - 102519

Published: March 11, 2024

Benefits of Intermittent fasting (IF) on health-related outcomes have been found in a range randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Our umbrella review aimed to systematically analyze and synthesize the available causal evidence IF its impact specific while evaluating quality.

Language: Английский

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The interplay between gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids, and implications for host health and disease

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Sept. 16, 2024

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) - acetate, propionate, and butyrate are important bacterial fermentation metabolites regulating many aspects of human physiology. Decreases in the concentrations any or multiple SCFAs associated with various detrimental effects to host. Previous research has broadly focused on gut microbiome produced as a group, minimal distinction between independently, each significantly different host effects. In this review, we comprehensively delineate roles these emphasis receptor affinity, signaling pathway involvement, net physiologic Butyrate is highlighted due its unique role gastrointestinal-associated functions, especially maintaining barrier integrity. functions by promoting epithelial tight junctions, serving fuel for colonocyte ATP production, modulating immune system. Interaction system occurs locally gastrointestinal tract systemically brain. Investigation into conducted production pathways specific players involved highlights risk use gram-positive targeted antibiotics. We review discuss evidence showing relationship butyrate-producing genus,

Language: Английский

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A peptide from Boletus griseus‐Hypomyces chrysospermus protects against hypertension and associated cardiac and renal damage through modulating RAAS and intestinal microbiota

Journal of Food Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 90(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Hypertension is a major risk factor for many cardiovascular diseases, which can lead to kidney and heart disease, stroke, premature death. Inhibiting angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) activity an effective method relieve hypertension. Previously, we screened active peptide KYPHVF (KF6) from Boletus griseus‐Hypomyces chrysospermus with excellent ACE inhibitory activity. This study further evaluated the antihypertensive of KF6 in vivo. at 10 mg/kg Captopril (CAP, positive control) were administrated spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHRs) 5 weeks. The results demonstrated that effectively lowered both diastolic blood pressure (DBP) systolic (SBP), decreased ACE, AGT, ALD, ANG II levels serum SHRs. Furthermore, cardiac renal injury SHRs ameliorated by through inhibiting fibrosis, inflammation, oxidative stress. Moreover, inhibited ACE‐ANG II‐AT1 axis while activating ACE2‐Ang (1‐7)‐MAS1L pathway, two mutually antagonistic axes RAAS, Additionally, improved intestinal microbiota composition, mainly increasing abundance Prevotella Phascolarctobacterium decreasing Alistipes , Clostridium_IV Nosocomiicoccus Allobaculum . Overall, promising lowering mitigating hypertension‐related damage. protective effect against hypertension attributed its ability modulate RAAS microbiota.

Language: Английский

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The impact of dietary patterns on gut microbiota for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review

Nutrition Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Previous studies found that it is promising to achieve the protective effects of dietary patterns on cardiovascular health through modulation gut microbiota. However, conflicting findings have been reported how impact microbiota in individuals either established or at risk disease (CVD). Our systematic review aimed explore effect composition and factors for CVD these populations. We systematically searched seven databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase CINHAL (EBSCO), Web Science, CNKI (Chinese), Wanfang covering literature from inception October 2024. Studies were included if they focused adults aged 18 years older with least two factors, implemented pattern interventions, incorporated outcomes related microbiome analysis. The bias was assessed using revised Cochrane tool (RoB2) randomized trials Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Interventions (ROBINS-I) non-randomized studies. Changes relative abundance summarized various taxonomic levels, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species. Random-effects meta-analysis conducted analyze mean difference cardiometabolic parameters pre- post-intervention. Nineteen identified, 17 RCT self-controlled trails. across mixed but mainly identified as low unclear. most frequently increased taxa Faecalibacterium (N = 8) plant-rich diets, Bacteroides 3) restrictive Ruminococcaceae UCG 005 Alistipes 9) polyphenol-rich diets. decreased Parabacteroides 7) Roseburia Ruminococcus gauvreauii group 6) Plant-rich diets showed a significant decrease total cholesterol (TC) -6.77 (95% CI, -12.36 -2.58; I2 84.7%), while triglycerides (TG) -22.12 -36.05 -8.19; 98.4%). Different distinct impacts composition. promoted proliferation butyrate-producing bacteria, suggesting prospects modulating butyrate production interventions enhance health. Further research warranted investigate long-term clinical endpoints, such events mortality. Registration number: CRD42024507660

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms of ferroptosis regulating oxidative stress and energy metabolism in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and a novel perspective of natural plant active ingredients for its treatment

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 165, P. 114706 - 114706

Published: July 1, 2023

Acute myocardial infarction remains the leading cause of death in humans. Timely restoration blood perfusion to ischemic myocardium most effective strategy treatment acute infarction, which can significantly reduce morbidity and mortality. However, after flow reperfusion, injury will aggravate induce apoptosis cardiomyocytes, a process called ischemia-reperfusion injury. Studies have shown that loss cardiomyocytes caused by oxidative stress, iron load, increased lipid peroxidation, inflammation mitochondrial dysfunction, etc., are involved In recent years, with in-depth research on pathology injury, people gradually realized there is new form cell pathological namely ferroptosis. A number studies found tissue patients changes closely related ferroptosis, such as metabolism disorder, reactive oxygen species free radicals. Natural plant products resveratrol, baicalin, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, naringenin, astragaloside IV also exert therapeutic effects correcting imbalance these ferroptosis-related factors expression levels. Combining our previous studies, this review summarizes regulatory mechanism natural intervening ferroptosis order provide reference information for development targeted inhibitor drugs cardiovascular diseases.

Language: Английский

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The interaction between Mediterranean diet and intestinal microbiome: relevance for preventive strategies against frailty in older individuals

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(1)

Published: March 6, 2024

Age-related changes in intestinal microbiome composition and function are increasingly recognized as pivotal the pathophysiology of aging associated with phenotype. Diet is a major determinant gut-microbiota throughout entire lifespan, several benefits healthy diet could be mediated by microbiome. Mediterranean (MD) traditional dietary pattern regarded paradigm, large number studies have demonstrated its promoting aging. MD has also positive modulatory effect on microbiome, favoring bacterial taxa involved synthesis bioactive compounds, such short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), that counteract inflammation, anabolic resistance, tissue degeneration. Intervention conducted older populations suggested individual response subjects to MD, terms reduction frailty scores amelioration cognitive function, significantly functionality. In this context, should considered when designing MD-based interventions tailored needs geriatric patients.

Language: Английский

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Microbiome interactions with different risk factors in development of myocardial infarction

Experimental Gerontology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 189, P. 112409 - 112409

Published: March 27, 2024

Among all non-communicable diseases, Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) stand as the leading global cause of mortality. Within this spectrum, Myocardial Infarction (MI) strikingly accounts for over 15 % deaths. The intricate web risk factors MI, comprising family history, tobacco use, oral health, hypertension, nutritional pattern, and microbial infections, is firmly influenced by human gut microbiota, their diversity, richness, dysbiosis, along with respective metabolites. Host genetic factors, especially allelic variations in signaling inflammatory markers, greatly affect progression or severity disease. Despite established significance microbiome-nutrient-metabolite interplay associations CVDs, unexplored terrain gut-heart-oral axis has risen a critical knowledge gap. Moreover, pivotal role microbiome complex host genetics, compounded age-related changes, emerges an area vital importance development MI. In addition, distinctive disease susceptibility gender-based ancestral differences, adds crucial insights to association increased Here, we aimed provide overview on interactions (oral gut) major (tobacco alcohol consumption, diet, hypertension gender, aging) MI therapeutic regulation.

Language: Английский

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Promising dawn in the management of pulmonary hypertension: The mystery veil of gut microbiota

iMeta, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(2)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract The gut microbiota is a complex community of microorganisms inhabiting the intestinal tract, which plays vital role in human health. It intricately involved metabolism, and it also affects diverse physiological processes. gut–lung axis bidirectional pathway between gastrointestinal tract lungs. Recent research has shown that microbiome crucial immune response regulation lungs development lung diseases. In this review, we present interrelated factors concerning associated metabolites pulmonary hypertension (PH), lethal disease characterized by elevated vascular pressure resistance. Our team explored gut‐microbiota‐derived cardiovascular diseases established correlation such as putrescine, succinate, trimethylamine N‐oxide (TMAO), N, N‐trimethyl‐5‐aminovaleric acid with Furthermore, found specific metabolites, TMAO betaine, have significant clinical value PH, suggesting their potential biomarkers management. detailing interplay microbiota, underscored therapeutic approaches modulating microbiota. Ultimately, endeavor to alleviate substantial socioeconomic burden disease. This review presents unique exploratory analysis link intending propel further investigations axis.

Language: Английский

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Metabolic clues to aging: exploring the role of circulating metabolites in frailty, sarcopenia and vascular aging related traits and diseases

Frontiers in Genetics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

Background: Physical weakness and cardiovascular risk increase significantly with age, but the underlying biological mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study aims to reveal causal effect of circulating metabolites on frailty, sarcopenia vascular aging related traits diseases through a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis. Methods: Exposures were 486 analyzed in genome-wide association (GWAS), while outcomes included sarcopenia, arterial stiffness, atherosclerosis, peripheral disease (PAD) aortic aneurysm. Primary estimates calculated using inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. Methods including MR Egger, median, Q-test, leave-one-out analysis used for sensitive Results: A total 125 suggestive causative associations between identified. Seven strong links ultimately identified six (kynurenine, pentadecanoate (15:0), 1-arachidonoylglycerophosphocholine, androsterone sulfate, glycine mannose) three (sarcopenia, PAD atherosclerosis). Besides, metabolic pathway 13 significant pathways 6 age-related diseases. Furthermore, metabolite-gene interaction networks constructed. Conclusion: Our research suggested new evidence relationship diseases, which may hold promise as valuable biomarkers.

Language: Английский

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