The role of inflammation and the gut microbiome in depression and anxiety

Journal of Neuroscience Research, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 97(10), P. 1223 - 1241

Published: May 29, 2019

Abstract The study of the gut microbiome has increasingly revealed an important role in modulating brain function and mental health. In this review, we underscore specific pathways mechanisms by which can promote development disorders such as depression anxiety. First, review involvement stress response immune system activation Then, examine germ‐free murine models used to uncover developing pertinent activity system. We also document multiple stress‐induced inflammation harms ultimately affects health, how probiotic prebiotic treatments have shown be beneficial. Lastly, provide overview microbiome‐derived compounds (short‐chain fatty acids, tryptophan catabolites, microbial pattern recognition) related (vagal nerve fecal microbiota transplants) involved mediating influence Overall, a picture playing facilitating between response, inflammation, depression, anxiety is emerging. Future research needed firmly establish microbiome's causal role, further elucidate microbes possibly develop that improve health through microbiotic targets.

Language: Английский

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Stress, sex hormones, inflammation, and major depressive disorder: Extending Social Signal Transduction Theory of Depression to account for sex differences in mood disorders

Psychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 236(10), P. 3063 - 3079

Published: July 29, 2019

Language: Английский

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Depression's Unholy Trinity: Dysregulated Stress, Immunity, and the Microbiome

Annual Review of Psychology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 71(1), P. 49 - 78

Published: Sept. 30, 2019

Depression remains one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders, with many patients not responding adequately to available treatments. Chronic or early-life stress is key risk factors for depression. In addition, a growing body data implicates chronic inflammation as major player in depression pathogenesis. More recently, gut microbiota has emerged an important regulator brain and behavior also been linked However, how this holy trinity interact maintain physiological homeostasis fully understood. review, we integrate from animal human studies on these three etiology progression We focus processes by which microbiota-immune-stress matrix may influence centrally mediated events possible therapeutic interventions correct imbalances triune.

Language: Английский

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Sex differences and the neurobiology of affective disorders

Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 44(1), P. 111 - 128

Published: July 9, 2018

Language: Английский

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Chronotype, circadian rhythm, and psychiatric disorders: Recent evidence and potential mechanisms

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Aug. 10, 2022

The circadian rhythm is crucial for physiological and behavioral functions. Chronotype, which represents individual preferences activity performance, associated with human health issues, particularly psychiatric disorders. This narrative review, focuses on the relationship between chronotype mental disorders, provides an insight into potential mechanism. Recent evidence indicates that (1) evening a risk factor depressive disorders substance use whereas morning protective factor. (2) Evening individuals bipolar disorder tend to have more severe symptoms comorbidities. (3) only related anxiety symptoms. (4) schizophrenia remains unclear, despite increasing their link. (5) significantly eating majority of studies focused binge Furthermore, underlying mechanisms or influence factors are described in detail, including clock genes, brain characteristics, neuroendocrinology, light/dark cycle, social factors, psychological sleep These findings provide latest chronotypes serve as valuable reference researchers.

Language: Английский

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Inflammation in the pathogenesis of depression: a disorder of neuroimmune origin

Neuronal Signaling, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(2)

Published: June 26, 2023

Abstract There are several hypotheses concerning the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of major depression, which centre largely around adaptive changes in neuronal transmission and plasticity, neurogenesis, circuit regional connectivity. The immune endocrine systems commonly implicated driving these changes. An intricate interaction stress hormones, innate cells actions soluble mediators immunity within nervous system is described as being associated with symptoms depression. Bridging processes to neurotransmission signalling key cortical limbic brain circuits critical understanding depression a disorder neuroimmune origins. Emergent areas research include growing recognition system, advances neuroimaging techniques mechanistic insights gained from transgenic animals. Elucidation glial–neuronal interactions providing additional avenues into promising research, development clinically relevant disease models discovery novel therapies. This narrative review focuses on molecular cellular that influenced by inflammation stress. aim this provide an overview our current origin, focusing neuroendocrine dysregulation pathophysiology. Advances lie pursuit biomarkers, potential biomarker signatures improve clinical outcomes yet be fully realised. Further investigations expand panels including integration neuroimaging, utilising individual stratify patients more homogenous subpopulations targeting for new treatment approaches will help address unmet need.

Language: Английский

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Unravelling the complexities of depression with medical intelligence: exploring the interplay of genetics, hormones, and brain function

Complex & Intelligent Systems, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(4), P. 5883 - 5915

Published: April 4, 2024

Abstract Depression is a multifactorial disease with unknown etiology affecting globally. It’s the second most significant reason for infirmity in 2020, about 50 million people worldwide, 80% living developing nations. Recently, surge depression research has been witnessed, resulting multitude of emerging techniques developed prediction, evaluation, detection, classification, localization, and treatment. The main purpose this study to determine volume conducted on different aspects such as genetics, proteins, hormones, oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, associations other mental disorders like anxiety stress using traditional medical intelligence (medical AI). In addition, it also designs comprehensive survey treatment planning, genetic predisposition, along future recommendations. This work designed through methods, including systematic mapping process, literature review, network visualization. we used VOSviewer software some authentic databases Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Web Science data collection, analysis, designing picture study. We analyzed 60 articles related intelligence, 47 from machine learning 513,767 subjects (mean ± SD = 10,931.212 35,624.372) 13 deep 37,917 3159.75 6285.57). Additionally, found that stressors impact brain's cognitive autonomic functioning, increased production catecholamine, decreased cholinergic glucocorticoid activity, cortisol. These factors lead chronic inflammation hinder normal leading depression, anxiety, cardiovascular disorders. brain, reactive oxygen species (ROS) by IL-6 stimulation cytochrome c oxidase inhibited nitric oxide, potent inhibitor. Proteins, lipids, phosphorylation enzymes, mtDNA are further disposed impairment mitochondria. Consequently, dysfunction exacerbates impairs DNA (mtDNA) or deletions mtDNA, increases intracellular Ca 2+ levels, changes fission/fusion morphology, lastly leads neuronal death. highlights multidisciplinary approaches intelligence. It will open new way technologies.

Language: Английский

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Minority stress in relation to biological outcomes among sexual and gender minority people: a systematic review and update

Journal of Behavioral Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Language: Английский

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Prevalence and correlates of comorbid depression in a nonclinical online sample with DSM-5 internet gaming disorder

Journal of Affective Disorders, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 226, P. 1 - 5

Published: Aug. 10, 2017

Language: Английский

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Dietary fiber and its associations with depression and inflammation

Nutrition Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 78(5), P. 394 - 411

Published: Aug. 15, 2019

Abstract Dietary fiber is a crucial component of healthy diet, with benefits that can be attributed to processes in the gut microbiota and resulting by-products. Observational studies support associations between dietary intake depression inflammation, but potential mechanisms are poorly understood. This review examines evidence effects on inflammation considers plausible linking depression, including microbiota-driven modification gene expression increased production neurotransmitters. Additionally, may mediate relationship depression. A high-fiber diet potentially lowers by modifying both pH permeability gut. The resultant reduction inflammatory compounds alter neurotransmitter concentrations reduce symptoms Further research into link essential, as findings could provide guidance for improvement or prevention depressive disorders.

Language: Английский

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