Multidisciplinary strategies to enhance therapeutic effects of flavonoids from Epimedii Folium: Integration of herbal medicine, enzyme engineering, and nanotechnology

Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 239 - 254

Published: Dec. 30, 2022

Flavonoids such as baohuoside I and icaritin are the major active compounds in Epimedii Folium (EF) possess excellent therapeutic effects on various diseases. Encouragingly, 2022, soft capsules were approved to reach market for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) China. Moreover, recent studies demonstrate that can serve immune-modulating agent exert anti-tumor effects. Nonetheless, both production efficiency clinical applications epimedium flavonoids have been restrained because their low content, poor bioavailability, unfavorable vivo delivery efficiency. Recently, strategies, including enzyme engineering nanotechnology, developed increase productivity activity, improve efficiency, enhance flavonoids. In this review, structure-activity relationship is described. Then, enzymatic strategies increasing highly discussed. The nanomedicines overcoming barriers improving diseases summarized. Finally, challenges an outlook translation proposed.

Language: Английский

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Icariin: A Promising Natural Product in Biomedicine and Tissue Engineering

Journal of Functional Biomaterials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 44 - 44

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

Among scaffolds used in tissue engineering, natural biomaterials such as plant-based materials show a crucial role cellular function due to their biocompatibility and chemical indicators. Because of environmentally friendly behavior safety, green methods are so important designing scaffolds. A key bioactive flavonoid the Epimedium plant, Icariin (ICRN), has broad range applications improving constant non-immunogenic material, stimulating cell growth, differentiation chondrocytes well embryonic stem cells towards cardiomyocytes. Moreover, fusion ICRN into hydrogel or crosslinking can enhance secretion collagen matrix proteoglycan bone cartilage engineering. To scrutinize, various types cancer cells, plays decisive through increasing cytochrome c secretion, Bax/Bcl2 ratio, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase caspase stimulations. Surprisingly, induce apoptosis, reduce viability inhibit proliferation repress tumorigenesis metastasis. no longer grow by halting cycle at two checkpoints, G0/G1 G2/M, inhibition NF-κB ICRN. Besides, nephrotoxicity occurring cisplatin inhibiting multidrug resistance other this biomaterial.

Language: Английский

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Anticancer Potential of the Plant‐Derived Saponin Gracillin: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanistic Approaches

Chemistry & Biodiversity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(9)

Published: Aug. 7, 2023

With the increasing prevalence of cancer and toxic side effects synthetic drugs, natural products are being developed as promising therapeutic approaches. Gracillin is a naturally occurring triterpenoid steroidal saponin with several activities. It obtained major compound from different Dioscorea species. This review was designated to summarize research progress on anti-cancer activities gracillin focusing underlying cellular molecular mechanisms, well its pharmacokinetic features. The data were collected (up date May 1, 2023) various reliable authentic literatures comprising PubMed, Springer Link, Scopus, Wiley Online, Web Science, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar. findings demonstrated that displays anticancer through including anti-inflammatory effects, apoptotic cell death, induction oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, cycle arrest, anti-proliferative effect, autophagy, inhibition glycolysis, blocking migration. Additionally, this highlighted features gracillin, indicating lower oral bioavailability. As conclusion, it can be proposed could serve hopeful chemotherapeutic agent. However, further extensive clinical recommended establish safety, efficacy, potential in treatment.

Language: Английский

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Targeting lipid metabolism of macrophages: A new strategy for tumor therapy

Journal of Advanced Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Lipid metabolism has been implicated in a variety of normal cellular processes and strongly related to the development multiple diseases, including tumor. Tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) emerged as crucial regulator tumorigenesis promising target for tumor treatment.

Language: Английский

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Recent advances in phytosomes for the safe management of cancer

Phytomedicine Plus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(2), P. 100540 - 100540

Published: Feb. 21, 2024

cancer is one of the foremost life-threatening diseases and managed by various strategies like surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy. Among all, chemotherapy most preferential strategy for management but faces certain limitations. Phytochemicals (PCs) have been considered potential chemotherapeutics chemopreventive agents their clinical application can be questionable because poor bioavailability stability. phytosomes are promising carriers to deliver anticancer PCs target site with improved stability owing unique properties. This comprehensive review discusses recent advances in loaded (covering period 2013-December 2023) overcome limitations PCs. initially, this covers that under trials along FDA-approved (especially management). Here, we excluded a) an experimental/preclinical or investigational stage; b) possess activity other than anticancer; c) exhibit combination drugs; d) PC-based drugs anticancer. Further, article mainly emphasizes Additionally, cancer, challenges, future directions also discussed. versatile alternatives boost PCs' therapeutic efficacy, bioavailability, specific targeting distinctive structural composition, which similar composition cell membranes enabling them close physiological systems. Moreover, these vesicular systems increase oral polar PCs, protect from physical chemical degradation, facilitate efficiency through stimuli-responsive sustained release Therefore, will help researchers develop a phytochemical-based drug delivery system successful cancer.

Language: Английский

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Immunogenic cell death inducers for cancer therapy: An emerging focus on natural products

Phytomedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 132, P. 155828 - 155828

Published: June 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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Applications of Machine Learning (ML) and Mathematical Modeling (MM) in Healthcare with Special Focus on Cancer Prognosis and Anticancer Therapy: Current Status and Challenges

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 260 - 260

Published: Feb. 9, 2024

The use of data-driven high-throughput analytical techniques, which has given rise to computational oncology, is undisputed. widespread machine learning (ML) and mathematical modeling (MM)-based techniques widely acknowledged. These two approaches have fueled the advancement in cancer research eventually led uptake telemedicine care. For diagnostic, prognostic, treatment purposes concerning different types research, vast databases varied information with manifold dimensions are required, indeed, all this can only be managed by an automated system developed utilizing ML MM. In addition, MM being used probe relationship between pharmacokinetics pharmacodynamics (PK/PD interactions) anti-cancer substances improve treatment, also refine quality existing models incorporated at steps development related routine patient This review will serve as a consolidation benefits special focus on area prognosis anticancer therapy, leading identification challenges (data quantity, ethical consideration, data privacy) yet fully addressed current studies.

Language: Английский

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Icariin as a potential anticancer agent: a review of its biological effects on various cancers

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 30, 2023

Numerous chemical compounds used in cancer treatment have been isolated from natural herbs to address the ever-increasing incidence worldwide. Therein is icariin, which has extensively studied for its therapeutic potential due anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidepressant, and aphrodisiac properties. However, there a lack of comprehensive detailed review studies on icariin treatment. Given this, this study reviews examines relevant literature chemopreventive potentials describes mechanism action. The shows that property inhibiting progression reversing drug resistance. Therefore, may be valuable agent prevention various cancers origin, safety, low cost compared conventional anticancer drugs, while further research needed.

Language: Английский

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Icariin exerts anti-tumor activity by inducing autophagy via AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 pathway in triple-negative breast cancer

Cancer Cell International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Feb. 14, 2024

Breast cancer is the most prevalent female tumor, of which triple-negative breast (TNBC) accounts for about 15%. Characterized by its aggressive nature and limited treatment options, TNBC currently stands as a significant clinical challenge. This study aimed to investigate effects icariin (ICA) on explore underlying molecular mechanism. Cell viability was assessed using CCK-8 assay, whereas impact ICA cell proliferation determined colony formation assay detection proliferating nuclear antigen protein. Wound healing transwell assays were used evaluate migration invasion, respectively. Flow cytometry analyze cycle distribution apoptosis. Transmission electron microscopy monodansylcaverine staining performed detect induction autophagy, docking conducted predict potential targets associated with autophagy. The in vivo anti-tumor evaluated 4T1 xenograft mouse model. Protein expression levels examined immunoblotting immunohistochemistry. In vitro, effectively suppressed viability, proliferation, migration, invasion cells induced G0/G1 phase arrest, apoptosis, autophagy regulating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR)/Unc-51-like 1 (ULK1) signaling pathway. knockdown AMPK inhibition 3-methyladenine reversed ICA, highlighting importance anti-cancer mechanism ICA. vivo, significantly inhibited growth, promoted regulated AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 Our findings demonstrated that exerts against mechanisms. will help facilitate further preclinical investigations TNBC.

Language: Английский

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The Burden of Esophageal Cancer in Five East Asian Countries From 1990 to 2021 and Its Prediction Until 2036: An Analysis of the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2021

Thoracic Cancer, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(8)

Published: April 1, 2025

In 2022, esophageal cancer (EC) was the eleventh most frequently diagnosed and seventh leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Nonetheless, prevalence burden EC in Asian countries have been little studied. This study investigated prevalence, incidence, five East from 1990 to 2021. We retrieved data Global Burden Diseases, Injuries, Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 on mortality, years lived with disability (YLDs), life lost (YLLs), disability-adjusted (DALYs) associated The epidemiological characteristics were analyzed by joinpoint regression, age-period-cohort analysis, decomposition analysis. until 2036 estimated using autoregressive integrated moving average Bayesian models. Among these countries, China had highest mortality rates, YLLs, YLDs, DALYs Mongolia exhibited age-standardized incidence rate, YLDs YLLs rate 2036. age group ≥ 55 years. rates influenced aging higher than global average. high over past three decades, particularly among older adults. is a significant public health problem because large population base demographics.

Language: Английский

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