Biomedical Applications of Microfluidic Devices: A Review

Biosensors, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 1023 - 1023

Published: Nov. 16, 2022

Both passive and active microfluidic chips are used in many biomedical chemical applications to support fluid mixing, particle manipulations, signal detection. Passive devices geometry-dependent, their uses rather limited. Active include sensors or detectors that transduce chemical, biological, physical changes into electrical optical signals. Also, they transduction detect biological applications, highly versatile tools for disease diagnosis organ modeling. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the significant advances have been made development microfluidics devices. We will discuss function as micromixers sorters cells substances (e.g., microfiltration, flow displacement, trapping). Microfluidic fabricated using range techniques, including molding, etching, three-dimensional printing, nanofabrication. Their broad utility lies detection diagnostic biomarkers organ-on-chip approaches permit modeling cancer, well neurological, cardiovascular, hepatic, pulmonary diseases. Biosensor allow point-of-care testing, assays based on enzymes, nanozymes, antibodies, nucleic acids (DNA RNA). An anticipated field includes optimization techniques fabrication biocompatible materials. These developments increase versatility, reduce costs, accelerate time technology.

Language: Английский

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The emergence of metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) as a phytomedicine: A two-facet role in plant growth, nano-toxicity and anti-phyto-microbial activity

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 155, P. 113658 - 113658

Published: Sept. 23, 2022

Anti-microbial resistance (AMR) has recently emerged as an area of high interest owing to the rapid surge AMR phenotypes. Metal oxide NPs (MeONPs) have been identified novel phytomedicine and peaked a lot due their potential applications in combating phytopathogens, besides enhancing plant growth yields. Numerous MeONPs (Ti2O, MgO, CuO, Ag2O, SiO2, ZnO, CaO) synthesized tested validate antimicrobial roles without causing toxicity cells. This review discusses application with special emphasis on anti-microbial activities agriculture enlists how cellular caused through reactive oxygen species (ROS) production affects growth, morphology, viability. further highlights two-facet role silver copper including toxicities. Furthermore, factor modulating nanotoxicity immunomodulation for cytokine also discussed. Thus, this article will not only provide researchers bottlenecks but emphasizes comprehensive outline breakthroughs applicability agriculture.

Language: Английский

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Integrated lab-on-a-chip devices: Fabrication methodologies, transduction system for sensing purposes

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 223, P. 115120 - 115120

Published: Oct. 22, 2022

Language: Английский

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Lateral Flow Assay: A Summary of Recent Progress for Improving Assay Performance

Biosensors, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 837 - 837

Published: Aug. 23, 2023

Lateral flow tests are one of the most important types paper-based point-of-care (POCT) diagnostic tools. It shows great potential as an implement for improving rapid screening and management infections in global pandemics or other health disorders by using minimally expert staff locations where no sophisticated laboratory services accessible. They can detect different biomarkers various biological samples provide results a little time at low price. An challenge regarding conventional LFAs is increasing their sensitivity specificity. There two main approaches to increase specificity, including assay improvement target enrichment. Assay comprises optimization signal amplification techniques. In this study, summarize specificity enhancement strategies with objective evaluation presented, such detection element immobilization, capillary rate adjusting, label evolution, sample extraction enrichment, etc. also key findings LFA performance solving limitations discussed along numerous examples.

Language: Английский

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Nanotheranostics to target antibiotic-resistant bacteria: Strategies and applications

OpenNano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11, P. 100138 - 100138

Published: March 5, 2023

Various health agencies, such as the European Medical Agency (EMA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), World Health Organization (WHO), timely cited upsurge of antibiotic resistance a severe threat to public global economy. Importantly, there is rise in nosocomial infections among covid-19 patients in-hospitalized with delineating disorder. Most are related bacteria residing biofilm, which commonly formed on material surfaces. In biofilms, microcolonies various live syntropy; therefore, their require higher dosage or cocktail broad-spectrum antibiotics, aggravating severity resistance. Notably, lack intrinsic antibacterial properties commercial-grade materials desires develop newer functionalized prevent biofilm formation To devise strategies, prepared at nanoscale demonstrated reasonable enhanced activity antimicrobial agents (that encapsulated/chemically onto surface). this manuscript, we compiled nanosized materials, specifying role targeting specific strains bacteria. We also enlisted examples nanomaterials, nanodevice, nanomachines, nano-camouflaging, nano-antibiotics bactericidal possible clinical implications.

Language: Английский

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Microfluidics for personalized drug delivery

Drug Discovery Today, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(4), P. 103936 - 103936

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

This review highlights the transformative impact of microfluidic technology on personalized drug delivery. Microfluidics addresses issues in traditional synthesis, providing precise control and scalability nanoparticle fabrication, platforms show high potential for versatility, offering patient-specific dosing real-time monitoring capabilities, all integrated into wearable technology. Covalent conjugation antibodies to nanoparticles improves bioactivity, driving innovations targeting. The integration microfluidics with sensor technologies artificial intelligence facilitates feedback autonomous adaptation delivery systems. Key challenges, such as droplet polydispersity fluidic handling, along future directions focusing reliability, are essential considerations advancing

Language: Английский

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Advances in Organ-on-a-Chip Materials and Devices

ACS Applied Bio Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(8), P. 3576 - 3607

Published: July 15, 2022

The organ-on-a-chip (OoC) paves a way for biomedical applications ranging from preclinical to clinical translational precision. current trends in the vitro modeling is reduce complexity of human organ anatomy fundamental cellular microanatomy as an alternative recreating entire cell milieu that allows systematic analysis medicinal absorption compounds, metabolism, and mechanistic investigation. OoC devices accurately represent physiology vitro; however, it vital choose correct chip materials. potential materials include inorganic, elastomeric, thermoplastic, natural, hybrid Despite fact polydimethylsiloxane most commonly utilized polymer microphysiological systems, substitute have been continuously developed its advanced applications. evaluation physiological status can help demonstrate using noninvasive real-time procedures. Therefore, this Review examines used fabricating devices, application-oriented pros cons, possessions device fabrication biocompatibility, well their downstream biochemical surface alteration commercialization. convergence emerging approaches, such materials, artificial intelligence, machine learning, three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting, genomics, perform technology at next generation. Thus, technologies provide easy precise methodologies cost-effective monitoring treatment standardized protocols, even personalized levels. Because inherent utilization integrated employing with approaches will be promising methodology healthcare industry.

Language: Английский

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Exploring Microbial-Based Green Nanobiotechnology for Wastewater Remediation: A Sustainable Strategy

Nanomaterials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(23), P. 4187 - 4187

Published: Nov. 25, 2022

Water scarcity due to contamination of water resources with different inorganic and organic contaminants is one the foremost global concerns. It rapid industrialization, fast urbanization, low efficiency traditional wastewater treatment strategies. Conventional strategies, including chemical precipitation, membrane filtration, coagulation, ion exchange, solvent extraction, adsorption, photolysis, are based on adopting various nanomaterials (NMs) a high surface area, carbon NMs, polymers, metals-based, metal oxides. However, significant bottlenecks toxicity, cost, secondary contamination, size space constraints, energy efficiency, prolonged time consumption, output scalability. On contrary, green NMs fabricated using microorganisms emerge as cost-effective, eco-friendly, sustainable, safe, efficient substitutes for these This review summarizes state-of-the-art microbial-assisted strategies microbial cells, magnetotactic bacteria (MTB), bio-augmentation integrated bioreactors removing an extensive range addressing challenges associated Furthermore, comparative analysis efficacies microbe-assisted NM-based remediation strategy practices in light crucial factors like reusability, regeneration, removal adsorption capacity has been presented. The challenges, their alternate solutions, cutting-edge prospects nanobiotechnology integration advanced tools internet-of-nano-things, cloud computing, artificial intelligence have discussed. opens new window assist future research dedicated sustainable nanobiotechnology-based environmental applications.

Language: Английский

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Integration of microfluidic channel on electrochemical-based nanobiosensors for monoplex and multiplex analyses: An overview

Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 146, P. 104814 - 104814

Published: April 6, 2023

Language: Английский

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Revolutionizing drug development: harnessing the potential of organ-on-chip technology for disease modeling and drug discovery

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 25, 2023

The inefficiency of existing animal models to precisely predict human pharmacological effects is the root reason for drug development failure. Microphysiological system/organ-on-a-chip technology (organ-on-a-chip platform) a microfluidic device cultured with living cells under specific organ shear stress which can faithfully replicate organ-body level pathophysiology. This emerging organ-on-chip platform be remarkable alternative broad range purposes in testing and precision medicine. Here, we review parameters employed using on chip as plot mimic diseases, genetic disorders, toxicity different organs, biomarker identification, discoveries. Additionally, address current challenges that should overcome accepted by regulatory agencies pharmaceutical industries. Moreover, highlight future direction enhancing accelerating discoveries personalized

Language: Английский

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