MicroRNA-mediated regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(6), P. 425 - 438

Published: March 26, 2021

Language: Английский

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Regulation of cholesterol homeostasis in health and diseases: from mechanisms to targeted therapeutics

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Aug. 2, 2022

Abstract Disturbed cholesterol homeostasis plays critical roles in the development of multiple diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD), neurodegenerative and cancers, particularly CVD which accumulation lipids (mainly cholesteryl esters) within macrophage/foam cells underneath endothelial layer drives formation atherosclerotic lesions eventually. More more studies have shown that lowering level, especially low-density lipoprotein protects system prevents events effectively. Maintaining is determined by biosynthesis, uptake, efflux, transport, storage, utilization, and/or excretion. All processes should be precisely controlled regulatory pathways. Based on regulation homeostasis, many interventions been developed to lower inhibiting biosynthesis uptake or enhancing utilization Herein, we summarize historical review research events, current understandings molecular pathways playing key regulating cholesterol-lowering clinics preclinical well new targets their clinical advances. importantly, discuss benefits those for treatment including obesity, diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cancer, osteoporosis virus infection.

Language: Английский

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miRNAs and NAFLD: from pathophysiology to therapy

Gut, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 68(11), P. 2065 - 2079

Published: July 12, 2019

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with a thorough reprogramming of hepatic metabolism. Epigenetic mechanisms, in particular those deregulation the expressions and activities microRNAs (miRNAs), play major role metabolic disorders NAFLD their progression towards more severe stages disease. In this review, we discuss recent progress addressing many facets complex miRNA regulatory networks development NAFLD. The basic concepts mechanisms miRNA-mediated gene regulation as well various setbacks encountered translational research field are debated. miRNAs identified so far, whose expressions/activities deregulated NAFLD, which contribute to outcomes pathology further reviewed. Finally, potential therapeutic usages short medium term miRNA-based strategies identify non-invasive biomarkers, or design pharmacological analogues/inhibitors having broad range actions on metabolism, highlighted.

Language: Английский

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miRNAs as cornerstones in adipogenesis and obesity

Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 315, P. 121382 - 121382

Published: Jan. 10, 2023

Language: Английский

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Exploring serum miR-33b as a novel diagnostic marker for hypercholesterolemia and obesity: insights from a pilot case-control study

BMC Endocrine Disorders, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Obesity and atherosclerosis are significant metabolic diseases characterized by disrupted lipid metabolism. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) small, conserved, non-coding RNA sequences consisting of approximately 22 nucleotides, playing crucial roles in biological pathological functions. Among these, miR-33a/b is particularly associated with diseases, notably obesity atherosclerosis. In this pilot case-control study, 45 subjects were examined, serum miR-33b levels measured three groups: a control group, hypercholesterolemic (HC) without (HC group), obese hypercholesterolemia (obese group). Serum determined using the real-time PCR method. The expression was significantly higher HC groups compared to group (p < 0.001). Body mass index (BMI) than Additionally, total cholesterol (TC) high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c) both groups. Our study demonstrated correlation between obesity. Finally, ROC analysis that had an AUC 0.74 for identifying 0.76 obesity, indicating its acceptable diagnostic value alongside traditional markers. Therefore, can be considered as potential biomarker hypercholesterolemia, but these finding preliminary further investigation necessary larger samples confirm associations.

Language: Английский

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Obesity: Pathophysiology, monosodium glutamate-induced model and anti-obesity medicinal plants

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 111, P. 503 - 516

Published: Dec. 28, 2018

Obesity and overweight have increased at an alarming rate in the world during last three decades. is a crucial factor development of metabolic abnormalities, including glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, syndrome, low-grade inflammation oxidative stress. A similar scinario occurs aging process where alterations energetic metabolism homeostasis chronic systematic been observed. Oxidative stress poor physical performance can increase risk disease. Despite diverse studies on pathophysiological effects obesity, its impact related to gender through life, particularly aging, hasn’t received reasonable attention. The purpose this review outline mechanisms associated with emphasis monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced obese model. MSG-induced obesity declined adiponectin were more obvious male mice, while tolerance, sensitivity redox balance altered age both female mice. These findings indicate that are as well aging. Therefore, MSG model resonable value underlie relationship between gender, obesity. In addition, we reviewed medicinal plants their active constituents which used treat Given significat model, needed scrutinize benificial underlying proven anti-obesity activity.

Language: Английский

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MicroRNAs and other non-coding RNAs in adipose tissue and obesity: emerging roles as biomarkers and therapeutic targets

Clinical Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 133(1), P. 23 - 40

Published: Jan. 1, 2019

Abstract Obesity is a metabolic condition usually accompanied by insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and dyslipidaemia, which characterised excessive fat accumulation related to white adipose tissue (WAT) dysfunction. Enlargement of WAT associated with transcriptional alteration coding non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). For many years, big efforts have focused on understanding protein-coding their involvement in the regulation adipocyte physiology subsequent role obesity. However, diverse findings suggested that dysfunctional phenotype obesity might be also dependent specific alterations expression pattern ncRNAs, such as miRNAs. The aim this review update current knowledge physiological roles miRNAs other ncRNAs function potential impact Therefore, we examined regulatory features: adipogenesis, adipokine secretion, inflammation, glucose metabolism, lipolysis, lipogenesis, hypoxia browning. MiRNAs can released body fluids transported (free or inside microvesicles) organs, where they trigger effects distant tissues, thus opening new possibilities use biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, personalisation treatment. Understanding opens possibility using these molecules individualised dietary strategies precision weight management. should envisaged future therapeutic approach given miRNA levels could modulated synthetic (f.i. mimics inhibitors) and/or nutrients bioactive compounds.

Language: Английский

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Foam Cells as Therapeutic Targets in Atherosclerosis with a Focus on the Regulatory Roles of Non-Coding RNAs

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(5), P. 2529 - 2529

Published: March 3, 2021

Atherosclerosis is a major cause of human cardiovascular disease, which the leading mortality around world. Various physiological and pathological processes are involved, including chronic inflammation, dysregulation lipid metabolism, development an environment characterized by oxidative stress improper immune responses. Accordingly, expansion novel targets for treatment atherosclerosis necessary. In this study, we focus on role foam cells in atherosclerosis. The specific therapeutic goals associated with each stage formation will be considered. Processing metabolism cholesterol macrophage one main steps cell formation. Cholesterol processing involves uptake, esterification efflux, ultimately leads to equilibrium macrophage. Recently, many preclinical studies have appeared concerning non-encoding RNAs atherosclerotic lesions. Non-encoding RNAs, especially microRNAs, considered regulators affecting expression genes involved uptake (e.g., CD36 LOX1) (ACAT1) efflux (ABCA1, ABCG1) cholesterol. They also able regulate inflammatory pathways, produce cytokines mediate apoptosis. We reviewed important evidence their targeting atherosclerosis, special

Language: Английский

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Targeted Suppression of miRNA-33 Using pHLIP Improves Atherosclerosis Regression

Circulation Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 131(1), P. 77 - 90

Published: May 10, 2022

miRNA therapeutics have gained attention during the past decade. These oligonucleotide treatments can modulate expression of miRNAs in vivo and could be used to correct imbalance gene found human diseases such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis. The efficacy current anti-miRNA technologies hindered by physiological cellular barriers delivery into targeted cells nature that allows one target an entire pathway may lead deleterious off-target effects. For these reasons, novel systems inhibit specific tissues will important for developing effective therapeutic strategies numerous including

Language: Английский

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microRNA-33 deficiency in macrophages enhances autophagy, improves mitochondrial homeostasis, and protects against lung fibrosis

JCI Insight, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(4)

Published: Jan. 10, 2023

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and ultimately fatal disease. Recent findings have shown marked metabolic reprogramming associated with changes in mitochondrial homeostasis autophagy during fibrosis. The microRNA-33 (miR-33) family of microRNAs (miRNAs) encoded within the introns sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) genes are master regulators fatty acid (FA) metabolism. miR-33 controls macrophage immunometabolic response enhances biogenesis, FA oxidation, cholesterol efflux. Here, we show that levels increased bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells isolated from patients IPF compared healthy controls. We demonstrate specific genetic ablation macrophages protects against bleomycin-induced absence improves increases while decreasing inflammatory after bleomycin injury. Notably, pharmacological inhibition via administration anti-miR-33 peptide nucleic acids (PNA-33) attenuates different vivo ex mice human models These studies elucidate major role regulation uncover potentially novel therapeutic approach to treat this

Language: Английский

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