Consideration of pathways for immunotoxicity of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)

Environmental Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Feb. 22, 2023

Abstract Background Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are of public health concern, because their ubiquitous extremely persistent occurrence, depending on structure, bio-accumulative, mobile toxic properties. Human effects associated with exposure to PFAS include adverse the immune system. In 2020, EFSA (the European Food Safety Authority) defined system as most critical effect for human risk assessment, based reduced antibody responses childhood vaccines similar observed in experimental animal studies. Likewise, U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) considers PFAS-induced immunotoxicity, especially children, assessment. However, mechanisms by which concentrations impacted not completely understood. Furthermore, other targets functions have been reported literature. Objective The aim this review is explore PFAS-associated immune-related effects. This includes, relevant that may underlie system, immunosuppression well immunoenhancement, such i) modulation cell signalling nuclear receptors, NF-κB PPARs; ii) alteration calcium homoeostasis cells; iii) populations; iv) oxidative stress v) impact fatty acid metabolism & secondary Methods A literature research was conducted using three databases (Web Science, PubMed, Scopus), were searched July 2021 studies published time frame from 2018 2021. total, 487 publications identified potentially eligible following expert-based judgement, articles induced immunotoxicity discussed. Conclusions Taken together, we show there substantial evidence both vitro vivo epidemiological studies, supporting various PFAS, only PFOA PFOS, affect multiple aspects Timing critical, developing vulnerable insults, resulting a higher particularly but also organs later life.

Language: Английский

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Microfluidic sensors for the detection of emerging contaminants in water: A review

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 929, P. 172734 - 172734

Published: April 24, 2024

Language: Английский

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Electrochemical Reduction of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA): An Experimental and Theoretical Approach

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 146(15), P. 10687 - 10698

Published: April 5, 2024

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is an artificial chemical of global concern due to its high environmental persistence and potential human health risk. Electrochemical methods are promising technologies for water treatment because they efficient, cheap, scalable. The electrochemical reduction PFOA one the current methodologies. This process leads defluorination carbon chain hydrogenated products. Here, we describe a mechanistic study in gold electrodes. By using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), E0′ −1.80 V vs Ag/AgCl was estimated. Using scan rate diagnosis, determined electron-transfer coefficient (αexp) 0.37, corresponding concerted mechanism. strong adsorption into surface confirmed by Langmuir-like isotherm absence (KA = 1.89 × 1012 cm3 mol–1) presence negative 3.94 107 mol–1, at −1.40 Ag/AgCl). Based on Marcus–Hush's theory, calculations show solvent reorganization energy (λ0) 0.9 eV, suggesting large electrostatic repulsion between perfluorinated water. estimated free transition state electron transfer (ΔG‡ 2.42 eV) suggests that it thermodynamically reaction-limiting step. 19F – 1H NMR, UV–vis, mass spectrometry studies confirm displacement fluorine atoms hydrogen. Density functional theory (DFT) also support mechanism reductive PFOA, agreement with experimental values.

Language: Английский

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PFC/PFAS concentrations in human milk and infant exposure through lactation: a comprehensive review of the scientific literature

Archives of Toxicology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 22, 2025

Abstract Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), previously known as perfluorinated compounds (PFC), are a group of synthetic chemicals widely used over the past decades. Their extensive application, combined with their environmental persistence, has contributed to ubiquitous presence in environment associated toxicological risks. Regarding humans, blood serum testing remains primary method for biomonitoring PFAS exposure, while breast milk also been due transfer these from mothers infants during lactation. This paper aims review scientific literature (using PubMed Scopus databases) on concentrations non-occupationally exposed women. Where available, estimated daily intake by breastfeeding is examined. The reviewed studies categorized continent country/region, revealing significant lack data many countries, including both developed developing nations. findings indicate substantial variability concentrations, influenced factors such geographic location, sampling year, specific analyzed. Among identified compounds, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) most commonly detected, along perfluorohexanesulfonic (PFHxS) perfluorononanoic (PFNA), being only regulated maximum levels certain foodstuffs. Most were conducted before implementation current (updated) tolerable weekly (TWI) values substances. Consequently, majority reported low health risk infants, even high-intake scenarios. Nevertheless, urgently needed countries limited or no data, new investigations should assess whether intakes exceed updated TWI. Special focus be given rural industrial areas where exposure remain poorly understood.

Language: Английский

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Assessing the hepatotoxicity of PFOA, PFOS, and 6:2 Cl-PFESA in black-spotted frogs (Rana nigromaculata) and elucidating potential association with gut microbiota

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 312, P. 120029 - 120029

Published: Aug. 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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Comparison of developmental toxicity induced by PFOA, HFPO-DA, and HFPO-TA in zebrafish embryos

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 311, P. 136999 - 136999

Published: Oct. 25, 2022

Language: Английский

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Exposure to PFOA and its novel analogs disrupts lipid metabolism in zebrafish

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 259, P. 115020 - 115020

Published: May 17, 2023

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a typical perfluoroalkyl group compound, has received worldwide attention due to its significant environmental toxicity. Following regulatory bans on the production and emission of PFOA, concerns have been raised about potential health risks safety novel analogues. HFPO-DA (trade name Gen-X) HFPO-TA are two analogues known be bioaccumulative, whose level toxicity whether they safe alternatives PFOA remain unclear. In following study, physiological metabolic effects exposure were explored in zebrafish using 1/3 LC50 (PFOA 100 μM, Gen-X 200 30 μM). At same toxicological effect, resulted abnormal phenotypes such as spinal curvature, pericardial edema aberrant body length, while was little changed. Metabolically, all significantly increased total cholesterol exposed with also increasing triglyceride levels. Transcriptome analysis showed that number differentially expressed genes Gen-X, treated conditions compared control groups 527, 572, 3, 933, respectively. KEGG GO revealed pathways functions related lipid metabolism well activation peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor (PPARs) pathway. Furthermore, RT-qPCR identified dysregulation downstream target PPARα, which is responsible for oxidative catabolism, SREBP pathway, synthesis. conclusion, both exhibit aquatic organisms their accumulation should closely regulated.

Language: Английский

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Association between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and depression in U.S. adults: A cross-sectional study of NHANES from 2005 to 2018

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 238, P. 117188 - 117188

Published: Sept. 27, 2023

Language: Английский

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Carbon-based single-atom catalysts in advanced oxidation reactions for water remediation: From materials to reaction pathways

Eco-Environment & Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(2), P. 47 - 60

Published: April 26, 2023

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have been widely recognized as state-of-the-art in environment remediation because of their exceptional performance, 100% metal atomic utilization, almost no secondary pollution, and robust structures. Most recently, the activation persulfate with carbon-based SACs advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) raises tremendous interest degradation emerging contaminants wastewater, owning to its efficient versatile reactive oxidant species (ROS) generation. However, comprehensive critical review unraveling underlying relationship between structures corresponding generated ROS is still rare. Herein, we systematically summarize fundamental understandings intrinsic mechanisms single atom active sites produced during AOPs. The types are firstly elaborated, presenting prior pollutants that need be degraded. Then, preparation characterization methods overviewed. material structure–ROS type persulfate-based AOPs discussed depth expound catalytic mechanisms. Finally, briefly conclude current development propose prospects for rational design synthesis on-demand performances future research.

Language: Английский

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Cannabidiol alleviates perfluorooctane sulfonate-induced macrophage extracellular trap mediate inflammation and fibrosis in mice liver

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 263, P. 115374 - 115374

Published: Aug. 14, 2023

As a new type of persistent organic pollutant, perfluorooctane sulphonate (PFOS) has received extensive attention worldwide. Cannabidiol (CBD) is non-psychoactive natural cannabinoid extract that been proved to have antioxidation, regulation inflammation and other functions. However, the effects PFOS on liver injury whether CBD can alleviate PFOS-induced are still unclear. Therefore, in this study, we used (10 mg/kg) and/or (5 intraperitoneally inject mice for 30 days. We found exposure led inflammatory infiltration mice, increased formation macrophage extracellular trap (MET), promoted fibrosis. In vitro, established coculture system RAW264.7, AML12 LX-2 cells, treated them with μM) (200 μM). The results showed could also induce expression MET, fibrosis marker genes vitro. Coiled-coil domain containing protein 25 (CCD25), as MET-DNA sensor, was investigate its ability regulate fibrosis, knocked down CCDC25 downstream proteins (integrin-linked kinase, ILK) by siRNA technology, QNZ inhibit NF-κB pathway. knockdown ILK inhibition pathway MET-induced gene expression. summary, MET promote through CCDC25-ILK-NF-κB signaling axis, while treatment protective effect, it Macromolecular docking effect achieved combining peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) release MET. regulating axis an innovative option effectively reduce hepatotoxicity. Our study reveals mechanism hepatotoxicity provides promising insights into role process.

Language: Английский

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