Toxicology Effects of Cadmium in Pomacea canaliculate: Accumulation, Oxidative Stress, Microbial Community, and Transcriptome Analysis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 751 - 751

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

Cadmium (Cd) pollution poses an important problem, but limited information is available about the toxicology effects of Cd on freshwater invertebrates. We investigated accumulation, oxidative stress, microbial community changes, and transcriptomic alterations in apple snails (Pomacea canaliculata) under stress. The were exposed to 10 μg/L solution for 16 days, followed by a 16-day elimination period. Our results showed that liver accumulated highest concentration (17.41 μg/g), kidneys (8.00 μg/g) intestine-stomach (6.68 highlighting these tissues as primary targets accumulation. During period, concentrations decreased all tissues, with head-foot shell exhibiting over 30% rates. stress also resulted reduced activities superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione transferase (GST) compared control group. Notably, even after days depuration, enzyme did not return normal levels, indicating persistent toxicological effects. exposure significantly diversity gut microbiota P. canaliculata. Moreover, transcriptome analysis identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) primarily associated lysosome function, motor proteins, protein processing endoplasmic reticulum, drug metabolism via cytochrome P450 (CYP450), arachidonic acid metabolism, ECM–receptor interactions. These findings suggest predominantly disrupts cellular transport metabolic processes. Overall, our study provides comprehensive insights into impact canaliculata emphasizes importance understanding mechanisms underlying toxicity aquatic organisms.

Language: Английский

Pathological and Molecular Characterization of Grass Carp Co-Infected with Two Aeromonas Species

Animals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 263 - 263

Published: Jan. 18, 2025

The grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) is highly susceptible to infections caused by Aeromonas species, particularly A. hydrophila and veronii. However, the immunological mechanisms underlying co-infection these pathogens remain largely uncharted. This study investigated pathogenesis host immune response in following concurrent infection with Mortality was observed as early 24 h post-infection, cumulative mortality reaching 68%. Quantitative analysis demonstrated significantly elevated bacterial loads hepatic tissue at 3 days post-infection (dpi). Histopathological evaluation revealed severe lesions characterized cellular necrosis, cytoplasmic vacuolization, hemorrhagic manifestations. Comparative transcriptomic of tissues between co-infected control specimens identified 868 411 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) 1 5 dpi, respectively. Gene ontology KEGG pathway analyses significant enrichment immune-related primarily associated Toll-like receptor signaling TNF cascades. Notably, metabolic pathways showed substantial suppression while responses were activated after infected. These findings provide novel insights into host–pathogen interactions during carp, which may facilitate development effective prevention strategies.

Language: Английский

Transcriptome analysis and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated mutagenesis identify gpr116 as a candidate gene for growth reduction in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A Molecular & Integrative Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 111850 - 111850

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский