Social Functioning in Individuals Affected by Childhood Maltreatment: Establishing a Research Agenda to Inform Interventions

Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 91(4), P. 238 - 251

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Childhood maltreatment (CM) is linked to impairments in various domains of social functioning. Here, we argue that it critical identify factors underlie impaired functioning as well processes mediate the beneficial health effects positive relationships individuals exposed CM. Key research recommendations are presented, focusing on: (1) identifying attachment-related alterations specific inter- and intrapersonal (e.g., regulation closeness distance) problems broader lack perceived support) affected by CM; (2) internal current emotional state) external situational cultural factors, presence close others) modulate processes; (3) mechanisms explain intact Methodological include: assessing through interactive (close to) real-life assessments inside outside laboratory; adopting an interdisciplinary, lifespan perspective assess processes, using multi-method assessments; establishing global collaborations account for influences on enable replications across laboratories countries. The proposed line will contribute globally develop refine interventions prevent CM further relationships, which - likely buffering chronic stress corresponding allostatic load foster resilience improve mental physical health, thereby reducing personal suffering societal economic costs its consequences. Interventions targeting euthymia psychological well-being promising therapeutic concepts this context.

Language: Английский

---

The Timing Effect of Childhood Maltreatment in Depression: A Systematic Review and meta-Analysis

Trauma Violence & Abuse, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 24(4), P. 2560 - 2580

Published: May 24, 2022

Although empirical evidence has confirmed the causal relationship between childhood maltreatment and depression, findings are inconsistent on magnitude of effect age exposure to psychological development. This systematic review with meta-analysis aims comprehensively synthesize literature depression quantitatively compare sizes across groups. Electronic databases grey up April 6th, 2022, were searched for English-language studies. Studies included if they: 1) provided information age; 2) statistical indicators examine depression. Fifty-eight articles met eligibility criteria in meta-analyses. Subgroup analyses conducted based subtypes measurements Any kind (correlation coefficient [r] = 0.17, 95% CI 0.15–0.18), physical abuse (r =0.13, 0.10–0.15), sexual 0.18, 0.15–0.21), emotional CI=0.11–0.23), neglect 0.08, CI=0.06–0.11) associated an increased risk Significant differential effects found groups (Q 34.81, p < 0.001). Age middle (6–13 years) had highest followed by late (12–19 early (0–6 years). Implications provide robust support targeting victimized children all ages paying closer attention those effectively reduce

Language: Английский

---

Effects of MDMA-assisted therapy for PTSD on self-experience

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(1), P. e0295926 - e0295926

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Introduction There is a resurgence of interest in the therapeutic potential psychedelic substances such as 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). Primary findings from our randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-site Phase 3 clinical trial participants with severe PTSD (NCT03537014) showed that MDMA-assisted therapy induced significant attenuation Clinician-Administered Scale for DSM-5 compared to Therapy placebo. Deficits emotional coping skills and altered self-capacities constitute major obstacles successful completion available treatments. The current analysis evaluated differential effects placebo on transdiagnostic outcome measures explored contribution changes self-experience improvement scores. Methods Participants were randomized receive manualized either MDMA or during experimental sessions combination preparation 9 integration visits. Symptoms measured at baseline 2 months after last session using 20-item Toronto Alexithymia (TAS-20), 26-item Self Compassion (SCS), 63-item Inventory Altered Self-Capacities (IASC). Results 90 dosed (MDMA-assisted therapy, n = 46; placebo, 44); 84.4% (76/90) had histories developmental trauma, 87.8% (79/90) suffered multiple traumas. facilitated statistically greater TAS-20, SCS, most IASC factors interpersonal conflicts; idealization disillusionment; abandonment concerns; identity impairment; self-awareness; susceptibility influence; affect dysregulation; instability; skill deficit; tension reduction activities; only exception was diffusion. Conclusion Compared positive mental processes which are often associated poor treatment outcome. This provides possible window into understanding psychological capacities by agents may result improvements symptomatology.

Language: Английский

---

Development and validation of the Dimensional Inventory of Stress and Trauma Across the Lifespan (DISTAL): A novel assessment tool to facilitate the dimensional study of psychobiological sequelae of exposure to adversity

Developmental Psychobiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 65(4)

Published: March 22, 2023

Abstract Decades of research underscore the profound impact adversity on brain and behavioral development. Recent theoretical models have highlighted importance considering specific features that may dissociable effects at distinct developmental timepoints. However, existing measures do not query these dimensions in sufficient detail to support proliferation this approach. The Dimensional Inventory Stress Trauma Across Lifespan (DISTAL) was developed with aim thoroughly retrospectively assess timing, severity (of exposure reaction), type, persons involved, controllability, predictability, threat, deprivation, proximity, betrayal, discrimination inherent an individual's adversity. Here, we introduce instrument, present descriptive statistics drawn from a sample N = 187 adults who completed DISTAL, provide initial information about its psychometric properties. This novel measure facilitates expansion focused assessing relative key behavior across

Language: Английский

---

The Associations of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) With Substance Use in Young Adults: A Systematic Review

Substance Abuse Research and Treatment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Young adulthood is a transitional period between adolescence and adulthood. Due to the unique pressures of taking on new social role associated uncertainties, young adults are at heightened risk for drug alcohol use. Furthermore, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) increases likelihood using maladaptive coping strategies such as substances avoid or soothe negative emotions. The current review aimed summarize associations exposure ACEs before age 18 years subsequent use ages 25 years.The was performed in accordance with 2020 Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. literature search Web Science, PubMed, PsycINFO databases conducted February 2022.The initial yielded 7178 articles, 777 duplicates. Consequently, 6401 titles were inspected relevance. After reading full text, 88 articles included review.This provides clear evidence that multiple robust factor alcohol, cannabis other drugs by adults. Poor self-regulation identified mechanisms explaining this link; however, further detailed research needed.

Language: Английский

---

Person-centered methods to advance developmental psychopathology

Development and Psychopathology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 9

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Abstract Dante Cicchetti’s remarkable contributions to the field of developmental psychopathology include advancement key principles such as interplay typical and atypical development, multifinality equifinality, dynamic processes resilience, integration multiple levels analysis into theories. In this paper we assert that person-centered data analytic methods are particularly well-suited advancing these tenets psychopathology. We illustrate their utility with a brief novel empirical study focused on underlying patterns childhood neuroendocrine regulation prospective links emerging adult functioning. Results indicate profile marked by high diurnal cortisol paired low DHEA was uniquely associated more adaptive functioning in adulthood. discuss findings, broadly, within future

Language: Английский

---

Addressing the Complex Links between Psychopathy and Childhood Maltreatment, Emotion Regulation, and Aggression—A Network Analysis in Adults

Behavioral Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 115 - 115

Published: Feb. 4, 2024

Childhood maltreatment is the strongest predictor of psychopathology and personality disorders across lifespan strongly associated with a variety psychological problems, namely, mood anxiety disorders, behavioral substance abuse, aggression, self-harm. In this study, we aim to provide comprehensive picture interplay between different traits psychopathy distinct dimensions childhood maltreatment, emotion regulation, aggression. Using cross-sectional design, employed correlational network analysis explore nomological sample-based estimate population parameters reflecting direction, strength, patterns relationships variables. The sample consisted 846 adults (71% females) who completed questionnaires measuring psychopathy, results highlight that disinhibition are closest attributes early experiences abuse (but not neglect) in correlate all regulation difficulties, being specifically reactive Neglect was unique attribute meanness, widespread correlations difficulties but also an increased ability engage goal-directed behavior. Physical only dimension adversity found be intercorrelated boldness emotional psychopathic trait. No significant associations were boldness, aggression once shared variance controlled. These discussed terms their implication for research clinical practice.

Language: Английский

---

Adversity, Trauma Symptoms and the Effectiveness of an Australian Individualised Developmental Trauma Intervention Program

Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Language: Английский

---

The age of onset and duration of childhood abuse: An extension of the childhood trauma screener

Child Abuse & Neglect, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 163, P. 107354 - 107354

Published: March 12, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Latent trajectories of mental health service use in an Australian state population cohort of children

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 14, 2025

Objectives: Mental health service use among young people is increasing, and small groups within the population disproportionately account for majority of mental use. The aims this study were to identify population-based trajectories across childhood adolescence associated sociodemographic/other risk factors. Methods: between birth 17 years age identified using zero-inflated Poisson latent-class growth mixture modelling, in a New South Wales cohort 9510 children (born 2002 2005) who had at least one primary diagnosis disorder recorded ‘Emergency Department’, ‘Admitted Patients’ and/or ‘Mental Health Ambulatory’ data collections. Results: A two-trajectory solution provided optimal fit data: One trajectory displayed high increasing ( n = 1861, 19.6%) accounting more than 68% days treated entire cohort. other 7649, 80.4%) was distinguished by consistently low level Membership with parental disorder, child maltreatment exposure diagnoses psychosis spectrum personality disorders. Conclusion: Less one-fifth hospital ambulatory services used up years; these are likely have parents been exposed maltreatment, pointing towards multi-disciplinary supports as basis early intervention.

Language: Английский

---