Modulation of gut microbiota dysbioses in type 2 diabetic patients by macrobiotic Ma-Pi 2 diet DOI Creative Commons
Marco Candela, Elena Biagi, Matteo Soverini

et al.

British Journal Of Nutrition, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 116(1), P. 80 - 93

Published: May 6, 2016

The gut microbiota exerts a role in type 2 diabetes (T2D), and deviations from mutualistic ecosystem layout are considered key environmental factor contributing to the disease. Thus, possibility of improving metabolic control T2D by correcting microbiome dysbioses through diet has been evaluated. Here, we explore potential two different energy-restricted dietary approaches - fibre-rich macrobiotic Ma-Pi or recommended Italian professional societies for treatment correct patients. In previous 21-d open-label MADIAB trial, fifty-six overweight patients were randomised diet. For present study, stools collected before after intervention subset forty participants, allowing us characterise 16S rRNA sequencing imputed metagenomics. To highlight T2D, thirteen normal-weight healthy controls characterised. According our findings, both diets effective modulating resulting an increase diversity supporting recovery balanced community health-promoting SCFA producers, such as Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, Lachnospira, Bacteroides Akkermansia. diet, but not was also counteracting possible pro-inflammatory groups, Collinsella Streptococcus, ecosystem, showing reverse possibly explaining greater efficacy control.

Language: Английский

Akkermansia muciniphilaand improved metabolic health during a dietary intervention in obesity: relationship with gut microbiome richness and ecology DOI Open Access
Ming Dao, Amandine Everard, Judith Aron‐Wisnewsky

et al.

Gut, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 65(3), P. 426 - 436

Published: June 22, 2015

Objective

Individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes differ from lean healthy individuals in their abundance of certain gut microbial species gene richness. Abundance Akkermansia muciniphila, a mucin-degrading bacterium, has been inversely associated body fat mass glucose intolerance mice, but more evidence is needed humans. The impact diet weight loss on this bacterial unknown. Our objective was to evaluate the association between faecal A. muciniphila abundance, microbiome richness, diet, host characteristics, changes after calorie restriction (CR).

Design

intervention consisted 6-week CR period followed by stabilisation overweight obese adults (N=49, including 41 women). Faecal bioclinical parameters were measured at baseline stabilisation.

Results

At related fasting glucose, waist-to-hip ratio subcutaneous adipocyte diameter. Subjects higher richness exhibited healthiest metabolic status, particularly plasma triglycerides distribution. displayed greater improvement insulin sensitivity markers other clinical CR. These participants also experienced reduction it remained significantly than lower abundance. known be health.

Conclusions

healthier status better outcomes overweight/obese adults. interaction microbiota ecology warrants further investigation.

Trial registration number

NCT01314690.

Language: Английский

Citations

1595
Improvement of Insulin Sensitivity after Lean Donor Feces in Metabolic Syndrome Is Driven by Baseline Intestinal Microbiota Composition DOI Creative Commons
Ruud S. Kootte, Evgeni Levin, Jarkko Salojärvi

et al.

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 26(4), P. 611 - 619.e6

Published: Oct. 1, 2017

Language: Английский

Citations

833
Towards a more comprehensive concept for prebiotics DOI
Laure B. Bindels, Nathalie M. Delzenne, Patrice D. Cani

et al.

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 303 - 310

Published: March 31, 2015

Language: Английский

Citations

794
Dietary Gut Microbial Metabolites, Short-chain Fatty Acids, and Host Metabolic Regulation DOI Open Access

Mayu Kasubuchi,

Sae Hasegawa,

Takero Hiramatsu

et al.

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 7(4), P. 2839 - 2849

Published: April 14, 2015

During feeding, the gut microbiota contributes to host energy acquisition and metabolic regulation thereby influencing development of disorders such as obesity diabetes. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) acetate, butyrate, propionate, which are produced by microbial fermentation dietary fiber, recognized essential sources act signal transduction molecules via G-protein coupled receptors (FFAR2, FFAR3, OLFR78, GPR109A) epigenetic regulators gene expression inhibition histone deacetylase (HDAC). Recent evidence suggests that fiber microbial-derived SCFAs exert multiple beneficial effects on metabolism not only improving intestinal environment, but also directly affecting various peripheral tissues. In this review, we summarize roles in present an overview current understanding its physiological functions.

Language: Английский

Citations

766
Free Fatty Acid Receptors in Health and Disease DOI Creative Commons
Ikuo Kimura, Atsuhiko Ichimura, Ryuji Ohue‐Kitano

et al.

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 100(1), P. 171 - 210

Published: Sept. 5, 2019

Fatty acids are metabolized and synthesized as energy substrates during biological responses. Long- medium-chain fatty derived mainly from dietary triglycerides, short-chain (SCFAs) produced by gut microbial fermentation of the otherwise indigestible fiber, constitute major sources free (FFAs) in metabolic network. Recently, increasing evidence indicates that FFAs serve not only but also natural ligands for a group orphan G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) termed acid (FFARs), essentially intertwining metabolism immunity multiple ways, such via inflammation regulation secretion peptide hormones. To date, several FFARs activated various chain lengths have been identified characterized. In particular, FFAR1 (GPR40) FFAR4 (GPR120) long-chain saturated unsaturated acids, while FFAR3 (GPR41) FFAR2 (GPR43) SCFAs, acetate, butyrate, propionate. this review, we discuss recent reports on key physiological functions FFAR-mediated signaling transduction pathways immune We attempt to reveal future research opportunities developing therapeutics disorders.

Language: Английский

Citations

732
Understanding the Holobiont: How Microbial Metabolites Affect Human Health and Shape the Immune System DOI Creative Commons
Thomas S. Postler, Sankar Ghosh

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 26(1), P. 110 - 130

Published: June 15, 2017

Language: Английский

Citations

723
Obesity and Diabetes: The Increased Risk of Cancer and Cancer-Related Mortality DOI
Emily J. Gallagher,

Derek LeRoith

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 95(3), P. 727 - 748

Published: June 18, 2015

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide, both associated with an increased incidence mortality from many cancers. The metabolic abnormalities develop years before the onset of and, therefore, may be contributing to cancer risk individuals aware that they at risk. Multiple factors potentially contribute progression in obesity diabetes, including hyperinsulinemia insulin-like growth factor I, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, adipokines cytokines, gut microbiome. These changes directly or indirectly progression. Intentional weight loss protect against development, therapies for prove effective adjuvant agents reducing In this review we discuss current epidemiology, basic science, clinical data link obesity, how treating could also reduce improve outcomes.

Language: Английский

Citations

701
Mediterranean diet intervention alters the gut microbiome in older people reducing frailty and improving health status: the NU-AGE 1-year dietary intervention across five European countries DOI Creative Commons
Tarini Shankar Ghosh, Simone Rampelli, Ian B. Jeffery

et al.

Gut, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 69(7), P. 1218 - 1228

Published: Feb. 17, 2020

Objective Ageing is accompanied by deterioration of multiple bodily functions and inflammation, which collectively contribute to frailty. We others have shown that frailty co-varies with alterations in the gut microbiota a manner accelerated consumption restricted diversity diet. The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) associated health. In NU-AGE project, we investigated if 1-year MedDiet intervention could alter reduce Design profiled 612 non-frail or pre-frail subjects across five European countries (UK, France, Netherlands, Italy Poland) before after administration 12-month long tailored elderly (NU-AGE diet). Results Adherence was specific microbiome alterations. Taxa enriched adherence were positively several markers lower improved cognitive function, negatively inflammatory including C-reactive protein interleukin-17. Analysis inferred microbial metabolite profiles indicated diet-modulated change an increase short/branch chained fatty acid production secondary bile acids, p-cresols, ethanol carbon dioxide. Microbiome ecosystem network analysis showed bacterial taxa responded occupy keystone interaction positions, whereas frailty-associated are peripheral networks. Conclusion Collectively, our findings support feasibility improving habitual modulate turn has potential promote healthier ageing.

Language: Английский

Citations

681
Interactions between Gut Microbiota, Host Genetics and Diet Modulate the Predisposition to Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome DOI Creative Commons
Siegfried Ussar, Nicholas W. Griffin, Olivier Bézy

et al.

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 22(3), P. 516 - 530

Published: Aug. 20, 2015

Obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome result from complex interactions between genetic environmental factors, including the gut microbiota. To dissect these interactions, we utilized three commonly used inbred strains of mice—obesity/diabetes-prone C57Bl/6J mice, obesity/diabetes-resistant 129S1/SvImJ Jackson Laboratory, obesity-prone but diabetes-resistant 129S6/SvEvTac Taconic—plus derivative lines generated by breeding in a new, common environment. Analysis parameters microbiota all their environmentally normalized derivatives revealed strong microbiota, diet, site, phenotype. Strain-dependent strain-independent correlations were found specific phenotypes, some which could be transferred to germ-free recipient animals fecal transplantation. Environmental reprogramming resulted becoming obesity resistant. Thus, development obesity/metabolic is host genetics, diet. In permissive backgrounds, reprograming can ameliorate syndrome.

Language: Английский

Citations

489
Distinct Shifts in Microbiota Composition during Drosophila Aging Impair Intestinal Function and Drive Mortality DOI Creative Commons
Rebecca I. Clark,

Anna M. Salazar,

Ryuichi Yamada

et al.

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 12(10), P. 1656 - 1667

Published: Aug. 29, 2015

Alterations in the composition of intestinal microbiota have been correlated with aging and measures frailty elderly. However, relationships between microbial dynamics, age-related changes physiology, organismal health remain poorly understood. Here, we show that dysbiosis microbiota, characterized by an expansion Gammaproteobacteria, is tightly linked to age-onset barrier dysfunction Drosophila. Indeed, alterations precede predict onset aged flies. Changes occurring prior contribute excretory function immune gene activation intestine. In addition, a distinct shift follows dysfunction, leading systemic death. Our results indicate dynamics could also varying rates decline during mammals.

Language: Английский

Citations

451