Wastewater surveillance for viral pathogens: A tool for public health

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(13), P. e33873 - e33873

Published: June 29, 2024

A focus on water quality has intensified globally, considering its critical role in sustaining life and ecosystems. Wastewater, reflecting societal development, profoundly impacts public health. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) emerged as a surveillance tool for detecting outbreaks early, monitoring infectious disease trends, providing real-time insights, particularly vulnerable communities. WBE aids tracking pathogens, including viruses, sewage, offering comprehensive understanding of community health lifestyle habits. With the rise global COVID-19 cases, gained prominence, aiding SARS-CoV-2 levels worldwide. Despite advancements treatment, poorly treated wastewater discharge remains threat, amplifying spread water-, sanitation-, hygiene (WaSH)-related diseases. WBE, serving complementary surveillance, is pivotal community-level viral infections. However, there untapped potential to expand surveillance. This review emphasizes importance link between health, highlighting need further integration into management.

Language: Английский

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Machine Learning-Assisted Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection for Environmental Applications: A Review

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(47), P. 20830 - 20848

Published: Nov. 13, 2024

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has gained significant attention for its ability to detect environmental contaminants with high sensitivity and specificity. The cost-effectiveness potential portability of the technique further enhance appeal widespread application. However, challenges such as management voluminous quantities high-dimensional data, capacity low-concentration targets in presence interferents, navigation complex relationships arising from overlapping spectral peaks have emerged. In response, there is a growing trend toward use machine learning (ML) approaches that encompass multivariate tools effective SERS data analysis. This comprehensive review delves into detailed steps needed be considered when applying ML techniques Additionally, we explored range applications where different were integrated detection pathogens (in)organic pollutants samples. We sought comprehend intricate considerations benefits associated these contexts. explores future synergizing real-world applications.

Language: Английский

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Precision and Accuracy Limits of Wastewater-Based Epidemiology—Lessons Learned from SARS-CoV-2: A Scoping Review

Water, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(9), P. 1220 - 1220

Published: April 25, 2024

Background: Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has become crucial for early microbial outbreak detection and public health surveillance globally, underscored by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, despite advancements in sampling analyses, interpreting results estimating infection rates pose challenges. Enhancements sewer system engineering, understanding wastewater environment, addressing impact of environment on accuracy are needed. Objective: This scoping review aims to identify engineering knowledge gaps WBE guide future study designs. Design: Research “wastewater-based epidemiology” involving “engineering”, published between 2015 2023, was extracted from Scopus database. Results: examines elements influencing WBE’s precision reliability, especially identifying measuring SARS-CoV-2 RNA. It identifies significant effects analytical practices, wastewater’s composition performance. Conclusions: calls further investigation into economical evaluation methods these factors enhance data normalization interpretation, utilizing existing treatment plant used control, which could be a cost-effective approach over more expensive population biomarkers. approach, aside SARS-CoV-2, holds potential application broader number types diseases, as well consumption habits.

Language: Английский

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Wastewater Surveillance Data as a Complement to Emergency Department Visit Data for Tracking Incidence of Influenza A and Respiratory Syncytial Virus — Wisconsin, August 2022–March 2023

MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 72(37), P. 1005 - 1009

Published: Sept. 14, 2023

Wastewater surveillance has been used to assist public health authorities in tracking local transmission of SARS-CoV-2. The usefulness wastewater track community spread other respiratory pathogens, including influenza virus and syncytial (RSV), is less clear. During the 2022-23 diseases season, concentrations A RSV samples three major Wisconsin cities were compared with emergency department (ED) visits associated these pathogens. In all cities, higher numbers ED (Kendall's tau range = 0.50-0.63 for influenza-associated illness 0.30-0.49 RSV-associated illness). Detections both often preceded a rise each pathogen, material remained detectable up 3 months after pathogen-specific declined. These results demonstrate that potential complement conventional methods surveillance, detecting viral signals earlier longer duration than do clinical data. Continued use as supplement established systems such might improve understanding response seasonal outbreaks.

Language: Английский

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Wastewater solids drive comparability of sampling methods for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater and environmental surveillance

Journal of environmental chemical engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 115374 - 115374

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Multi-factor normalisation of viral counts from wastewater improves the detection accuracy of viral disease in the community

Environmental Technology & Innovation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36, P. 103720 - 103720

Published: June 29, 2024

The detection of viruses (e.g. SARS-CoV-2, norovirus) in wastewater represents an effective way to monitor the prevalence these pathogens circulating within community. However, accurate quantification viral concentrations wastewater, proportional human input, is constrained by a range uncertainties, including (i) dilution sewer network, (ii) degradation RNA during transit, (iii) catchment population and facility use, (iv) efficiency concentration extraction from (v) inhibition amplification RT-qPCR step. Here, we address uncertainties investigating several potential normalisation factors ammonium orthophosphate. A faecal indicator virus (crAssphage), recovery process-control (murine norovirus bacteriophage Phi6), used for quality control step, were also considered. We found that multi-factor SARS-CoV-2 data was optimal using combination crAssphage, recovery, improve prediction accuracy relative clinical test data. Using multi-normalised data, lasso regression model with random forest modelled residuals lowers error positives 46 %, compared single linear raw This approach enables more wastewater-based predictions cases up five days advance identifying trends disease before testing, demonstrates pathogen currently monitored emerging diseases.

Language: Английский

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20-Month monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater of Curitiba, in Southern Brazil

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(31), P. 76687 - 76701

Published: May 27, 2023

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of concentration procedures, sample pre-treatment, and storage condition for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(48), P. 106660 - 106670

Published: Sept. 21, 2023

Crucial information on the pandemic's spread has been gathered by monitoring trend of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater. This surveillance highlighted that initial concentration is a critical step analytical procedure due to low viral titer may be present this matrix. paper presents results evaluation two different wastewater protocols determine most efficient and cost-effective. The methods tested were following: (a) biphasic separation system with PEG-dextran (b) PEG/NaCl precipitation protocol. Other aspects detection method also investigated including influence storage temperature virus recovery heat treatment pasteurization, which aims make samples safer for operators environment. was found perform better than system, allowing more sensitive identification presence higher identified all results. Storage at 4.3±0.2°C up 3 weeks did not adversely affect pasteurization pre-treatment increases operator safety maintains concentration.

Language: Английский

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Advancing Public Health Surveillance: Integrating Modeling and GIS in the Wastewater-Based Epidemiology of Viruses, a Narrative Review

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 685 - 685

Published: Aug. 14, 2024

This review article will present a comprehensive examination of the use modeling, spatial analysis, and geographic information systems (GIS) in surveillance viruses wastewater. With advent global health challenges like COVID-19 pandemic, wastewater has emerged as crucial tool for early detection management viral outbreaks. explore application various modeling techniques that enable prediction understanding virus concentrations spread patterns systems. It highlights role analysis mapping distribution loads, providing insights into dynamics transmission within communities. The integration GIS be explored, emphasizing utility such visualizing data, enhancing sampling site selection, ensuring equitable monitoring across diverse populations. also discuss innovative combination with remote sensing data predictive offering multi-faceted approach to understand spread. Challenges quality, privacy concerns, necessity interdisciplinary collaboration addressed. concludes by underscoring transformative potential these analytical tools public health, advocating continued research innovation strengthen preparedness response strategies future threats. aims provide foundational researchers officials, fostering advancements field wastewater-based epidemiology.

Language: Английский

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Evaluating the sensitivity of droplet digital PCR for the quantification of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Dec. 27, 2023

Wastewater surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 has been demonstrated to be a valuable tool in monitoring community-level virus circulation and assessing new outbreaks. It may become useful the early detection response future pandemics, enabling public health authorities implement timely interventions mitigate spread of infectious diseases with fecal excretion their agents. also offers chance cost-effective surveillance. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTqPCR) is most commonly used method viral RNA wastewater due its sensitivity, reliability, widespread availability. However, recent studies have indicated that reverse transcription droplet digital PCR (RTddPCR) potential offer improved sensitivity accuracy quantifying samples. In this study, we compared performance RTqPCR RTddPCR approaches quantification on samples collected during third epidemic wave Saxony, Germany, characterized by low-incidence infection periods. The determined limits (LOD) (LOQ) were within same order magnitude, no significant differences observed between respect number positive or quantifiable Our results indicate both are highly sensitive methods detecting SARS-CoV-2. Consequently, actual gain associated ddPCR lags behind theoretical expectations. Hence, choice two further environmental programs rather matter available resources throughput requirements.

Language: Английский

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