Urban insect bioarks of the 21st century

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57, P. 101028 - 101028

Published: April 5, 2023

Language: Английский

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Cross-talk between low temperature and other environmental factors

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 63, P. 101193 - 101193

Published: March 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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Blood transcriptome analysis of common kestrel nestlings living in urban and non-urban environments

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 928, P. 172585 - 172585

Published: April 18, 2024

Urbanisation is one of the main anthropogenic forms land cover affecting ever-increasing number wild animals and their habitats. Physiological plasticity represents an important process through which can adjust to novel conditions environments. Relying on analysis gene expression, it possible identify molecular responses habitat infer environmental factors that affect organismal physiology. We have quantified for first time blood transcriptome common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) nestlings living in urban sites compared inhabiting rural natural found mild differences expression genes among sites, indicating adaptability or acclimation birds habitat. identified 58 differentially expressed between kestrels, 12 kestrels. The most striking involved inflammatory-immunological, metabolic, apoptosis, DNA repair development genes. In particular, we (i) had higher linked inflammation, damage, apoptosis than nestlings, (ii) activation immune cells, type I interferon response, major histocompatibility complex nestlings. Finally, KEGG enrichment insulin signalling as pathway differed This a limited studies vertebrates revealed habitat-associated transcriptome. It paves way further in-depth links physiological variation structure at different spatial temporal scales.

Language: Английский

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Urbanisation reduced body size but potentially improved flight performance in bees and wasps

Basic and Applied Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 74, P. 57 - 65

Published: Dec. 2, 2023

Urbanisation is a main driver of land-use change, leading to rising in temperatures and fragmentation reduction green areas. Bees wasps, which are important insect groups due the ecosystem services they provide, may respond this disturbance via changes morphological traits functionally relevant. To date, studies focusing on aspect only investigated few social bee species, often gave contrasting results even at intra-generic level. Here, we studied how body size, wing loading, ratio fluctuating asymmetry vary ground-nesting (Halictus scabiosae), solitary hole-nesting (Osmia cornuta) paper wasp (Polistes dominula) along an urbanisation gradient within Milan (Italy). By assessing effects temperature, areas vegetation productivity above-listed functional traits, found three species variably increasing urbanisation, albeit driving environmental parameters differed among species. More specifically, smaller individuals were sampled warmer (for bees) less productive wasps) gradient. Furthermore, greater values recorded locations for H. scabiosae, lower loading was more fragmented sites O. cornuta, with P. dominula. scabiosae dominula showed sites. Although distinct seemed sensitive different factors, our point toward consistent response: but potentially improved flight performance urbanised environments.

Language: Английский

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Moving past the challenges and misconceptions in urban adaptation research

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(11)

Published: Nov. 1, 2022

Abstract Although the field of urban evolutionary ecology has recently expanded, much progress been made in identifying adaptations that arise as a result selective pressures within these unique environments. However, studies environments have rapidly increased, researchers recognized there are challenges and opportunities characterizing adaptation. Some consequence increased direct indirect human influence, which compounds long‐recognized issues with research on adaptive evolution more generally. In this perspective, we discuss several common to adaptation related (1) methodological approaches, (2) trait–environment relationships natural history organisms, (3) agents targets selection, (4) habitat heterogeneity. Ignoring may lead misconceptions further impede our ability draw conclusions regarding ecological processes Our goal is first shed light conceptual conducting help avoid propagation misconceptions. We summarize potential strategies move forward productively construct comprehensive picture adaptation, how also offer applications for research.

Language: Английский

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Macroevolution along developmental lines of least resistance in fly wings

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Abstract Evolutionary change requires genetic variation, and a reigning paradigm in biology is that rates of microevolution can be predicted from estimates available variation within populations. However, the accuracy such predictions should decay on longer evolutionary timescales, as influence constraints diminishes. Here we show intrinsic developmental variability standing wing shape two distantly related flies, Drosophila melanogaster Sepsis punctum , are aligned predict deep divergence dipteran phylogeny, spanning >900 taxa 185 million years. This alignment cannot easily explained by constraint hypotheses unless most quantified associated with deleterious side effects effectively unusable for evolution. phenotyping 71 lines S. revealed no covariation between fitness, lending support to this hypothesis. We also find little evidence pace evolution along phylogeny. Instead, correlational selection allometric scaling, simultaneously shaping fly wings, emerges potential explanation observed alignment. suggests pervasive natural has architectures some morphological characters their predicts long-term

Language: Английский

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Low impact of anthropization on the demographic structure of the stick insect Clonistria guadeloupensis in Guadeloupe

Journal of Orthoptera Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 34(1), P. 69 - 75

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

Mitigating the biodiversity crisis will require an understanding of how species cope with various human disturbances habitats ranging from fully natural environments to areas higher anthropization levels. In this study, we investigated local demographics Clonistria guadeloupensis (Redtenbacher) relate such as agricultural fields, roads, and urbanization in Guadeloupe. We sampled diverse environmental situations wild, both on around focal food plants, recorded habitat characteristics. subsequently analyzed demography juvenile, subadult, adult stages. found minimal impact factors, a tendency be associated greater levels, possibly because are generally more open. also variation aggregation levels developmental stages, which may reflect bias dispersal during stage males highly motile. Overall, shows ecological preferences appropriate for coexistence within disturbance.

Language: Английский

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Abundance and Diversity of Fruit-Feeding Butterflies in Federal University of Lafia

Published: April 16, 2025

Fruit-feeding butterflies, an ecologically significant group, play a key role in maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem functions, particularly tropical subtropical regions. This study aimed at comparing the abundance diversity of fruit-feeding butterflies two habitats Federal University Lafia Permanent Site, Nasarawa State from July to August, 2024. Butterflies were trapped using rotten banana fermented palm wine which was placed dish suspended butterfly trap allowed stand between hours 7:00 am 6:00 pm each survey day. Temperature relative humidity recorded when set-up as time traps removed. A total 35 individual this belong family Nymphalidae spread across three species namely; Charaxes epijasius (48.6%), C.varenes vologeses (28.6%), C. boueti (22.8%). The accounted for highest population both gallery forest savannah woodland differences ((2 = 10.993, df 2, P 0.004102). There difference 4, 1, 0.0455) habitat types. had positive influence on In conclusion, research contributes better understanding ecological dynamics Site wet season period. Hence, felling trees cattle grazing within premises should be discouraged.

Language: Английский

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Bioparticle Sources, Dispersion, and Influencing Factors in Rural Environmental Air

Aerobiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 3(2), P. 4 - 4

Published: May 13, 2025

Rural villages function as relatively self-sustained production and living units with well-developed infrastructure. In this setting, investigating the transmission pathways of airborne biological particles, including pathogenic microorganisms, is pivotal for ensuring health residents. This study investigated sources dispersion biogenic particulate matter in rural ambient air factors influencing their behavior. Potential bioaerosol livestock farming areas, composting sites, garbage dumps, sewage treatment facilities were using a calibrated portable detector to collect analyze particles. The dispersal characteristics Enterobacteriaceae explored an Andersen six-stage sampler. Livestock areas primary source bioparticles. distribution bioparticles varied significantly environmental conditions. Key included capabilities due wind speed processes aggregation coagulation pathway indicated that inhabitants residences near might be exposed risks from bacteria present indoors. Understanding such patterns environments provides scientific basis risk assessment management strategies, important implications improving air-quality monitoring, public policies, areas.

Language: Английский

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Continent‐wide parallel urban evolution of increased heat tolerance in a common moth

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Dec. 26, 2023

Urbanization and its urban-heat-island effect (UHI) have expanding footprints worldwide. The UHI means that urban habitats experience a higher mean more frequent extreme high temperatures than rural habitats, impacting the ontogeny resilience of biodiversity. However, many organisms occupy different microhabitats during life stages thus may differently across their development. While evolutionary changes in heat tolerance line with been demonstrated, it is unknown whether such responses can vary Here, using common-garden-reared

Language: Английский

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