Effects of Climate Change on Greek Forests: A Review

Atmosphere, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 1155 - 1155

Published: July 16, 2023

This study reviews the impacts of climate change on Greek forests, analysing factors such as trends, forest management, biodiversity, genetics, insects, and wildfires, using data from Scopus Mendeley databases official reports. By utilising our current understanding allocating necessary efforts resources, we actively address consequences forests. focuses extreme weather outcomes mountain forests at 520–1310 m experience decreasing annual mean minimum temperatures (−0.015 −0.027 °C yr–1) but increasing maximum (+0.014 yr–1), especially in Southern Greece (+0.047 yr–1). Recent findings reveal migrating to higher altitudes with favourable conditions, correlating water availability, temperature, tree growth, necessitating further research productivity. A decline fir tree-ring growth (Average Tree Ring Width Index < 0.6) is observed mainland Greece, indicating temperature’s effect growth. Effective conservation requires prioritising biodiversity monitoring, considering phenology addressing absence strategies protect enhance genetic diversity. Climate influenced 70 forestry pests’ ranges, notably among insect pests. Annual burned areas fires indicate a consistent long-term trend, underscoring fire prevention prioritization exploring risk, behaviour, change. The highlights two four significant knowledge gaps, one three key challenges pertaining six areas. Finally, it promotes partnerships for informed decision-making better by integrating Indigenous knowledge, scientific understanding, collaboration research, policy, local management.

Language: Английский

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Diurnal temperature fluctuations improve predictions of developmental rates in the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus

Journal of Pest Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 97(4), P. 1839 - 1852

Published: March 22, 2024

Abstract The European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus is a widespread pest in Norway spruce-dominated forests Eurasia. Predicting its phenology and voltinism crucial to plan forest management measures mitigate mass outbreaks. Current models are based on constant temperatures inferred from laboratory experiments; however, insect life cycles under natural conditions rather driven by diurnal seasonal temperature fluctuations. Therefore, fluctuating would reflect field more realistically might thus improve model predictions. In experiment, we investigated the development of I. , applying mean between 3 35 °C oscillations up ± 15 °C. Subsequently, calibrated developmental rate applied them climate data, order assess effect fluctuations conditions. Our results showed that significantly affected rates. Compared temperatures, was faster at falling below lower threshold, slower exceeding optimum. Furthermore, short exposures suboptimal less than expected Natural accelerate cool, shaded conditions, whilst slowing it hot, sun-exposed thereby ultimately affecting voltinism. findings highlight importance account for accurate predictions rates thermal environments, provide fundament improving current support effective warming climate.

Language: Английский

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Climate change drives reduced biocontrol of the invasive spongy moth

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 210 - 217

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Language: Английский

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Assessment and Optimization of the Insecticidal Properties of γ-Al2O3 Nanoparticles Derived from Mentha pulegium By-Products against Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Carob Beetle)

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

This study concentrates on assessing the insecticidal attributes of γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles derived from remnants Mentha pulegium, which include essential oil, ethanolic extract, and plant waste. The synthesis was executed via a direct sol-gel procedure, affirming crystal structure through extensive physicochemical analyses such as UV-VIS, XRD, FTIR, SEM. evaluation activity in vitro conducted against Xylosandrus crassiusculus, pest that infests carob wood, utilizing strains diverse forests Khenifra region, situated Moroccan Middle Atlas. lethal doses 50 ranged 40 mg/g to 68 mg/g, indicating moderate effectiveness compared commercial insecticide Permethrin. optimization conditions for efficiency determined by experimental plans, revealing time, humidity, temperature were influential factors dose these nanomaterials. Moreover, this encompasses establishment correlations Principal Component Analysis (PCA) Ascending Hierarchical Classification (AHC) among various geographic, biological, physical data, amalgamating geographic altitude, nanoparticle parameters, well mechanical tests wood affected insects. correlation highlights close connection between insecticide, mountain parameters examined. Ultimately, demonstrate promising potential alternative insecticides, thus opening encouraging prospects safeguarding pests.

Language: Английский

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Climate impacts and adaptation strategies for coastal erosion, aquaculture, and tourism along the Adriatic side of Apulia region

Frontiers in Climate, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: April 25, 2024

This study addresses the imperative need for adaptation strategies to climate impacts in coastal areas, particularly vulnerable change effects. Under Interreg project “AdriaClim,” our research aims provide a comprehensive account of predicted and corresponding measures three key sectors economy Puglia region (Southern Italy): erosion, aquaculture, tourism. Analyzing regional projections, climatic anomalies Apulia have been delineated. Together with description investigated sectors, expected sectoral identified. The respective each sector evaluated terms coherence studied context effectiveness, among those proposed literature. In may influence ecosystem structure, functionality, production cycles, infrastructure, organism physiology. Integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA) emerges as solution enhance resilience Apulian aquatic systems change. For tourism, vulnerability various is emphasized. These can directly tourist flows or indirectly alter attractiveness Adriatic coast. Given sector's strong ties anthropic, natural, cultural elements, adaptive approach proves most effective. Concerning results underscore prevalence numerous stretches eroding low coastline, future projections indicating scenarios widespread retreat along southern Consequently, protective, management become imperative. analyses obtained serves valuable knowledge framework essential formulating plan coast, aligning authorities' orientations.

Language: Английский

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Climate Warming Increases the Voltinism of Pine Caterpillar (Dendrolimus spectabilis Butler): Model Predictions Across Elevations and Latitudes in Shandong Province, China

Insects, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 249 - 249

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

The pine caterpillar (Dendrolimus spectabilis Bulter, Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae) is a destructive insect threatening forest communities across Eurasia. pest polyvoltine, and under global warming, more favorable temperatures can lead to additional generations. Here, we simulated the voltinism current future climatic scenarios based on thermal physiology cumulative growing degree day (CGDD) model. Subsequently, revealed change patterns of along elevational latitudinal gradients. results showed that both CGDD are increasing. ranges from 1.26 1.56 generations (1.40 ± 0.07), with an increasing trend 0.04/10a. Similar trends expected continue climate scenarios, values 0.01/10a, 0.05/10a, 0.07/10a, 0.09/10a for SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, SSP5-8.5 respectively. At elevation gradients, increases all ranges, peaking at 500–1000 m latitudes 34–34.5° N. This study highlights increase in not limited low-elevation -latitude regions but predicted various elevations latitudes. These findings enhance our understanding how affects contribute management strategies, although this assumes linear relationship between temperature voltinism, without considering other ecological factors.

Language: Английский

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Latitudinal Variation in Constitutive-Chemical-Defense Compounds in Two Host Plants of Lymantria Dispar (Lymantriidae): Betula Pendula (Betulaceae) and Larix Sibirica (Pinaceae)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Long‐term population dynamics of an insect in a simple food web under a changing environment

Journal of Animal Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 21, 2025

Abstract Weather conditions are important for the population dynamics of “cold‐blooded” animals like insects, with both direct and indirect effects (via food web). How weather, in combination other factors, generates change, how such change over time, questions times climate change. We monitored an insect seed predator during a 36‐year period changing weather patterns. The is part simple web dominated by consumption lacking natural enemies. Environmental were relatively stable first half study, but patterns changed latter half. Areas host plant patches increased production entered strong bi‐annual pattern. Insect abundance was measured twice yearly life cycle, before after summer reproduction, resources competitor densities at end summer. fit model to data investigate relation resources. There operating multiple time scales. Abundant sunshine resulted growth same period, it also survival following winter. Population further depends on set previous summer, which turn rainfall likely affected This implies short‐term decadal new pattern seems have led average did not otherwise lead clear changes population. can be explained weak regulation that environmental variation leads long unstable fluctuations. Our study illustrates responses drastic their environment subtle, slow, hard detect, manifested long‐term highlights importance mechanistic understandings assess consequences insects.

Language: Английский

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Insights Into Spatial Synchrony Enabled by Long‐Term Data

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 28(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Spatial synchrony, the tendency for temporal fluctuations in an ecological variable to be positively associated different locations, is a widespread and important phenomenon ecology. Understanding of nature mechanisms how synchrony changing, has developed rapidly over past 2 decades. Many recent developments have taken place through study long‐term data sets. Here, we review synthesise some advances spatial with focus on facilitated new understanding. Longer time series do not just facilitate better testing existing ideas or more precise statistical results; importantly, they also frequently make possible expansion conceptual paradigms. We discuss several such our understanding led these advances, future studies can continue improve state knowledge.

Language: Английский

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Microbial control of forest insect pests over 60 years (1964–2024): Network analysis and bibliometric mapping

Journal of Natural Pesticide Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12, P. 100132 - 100132

Published: April 29, 2025

Language: Английский

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