Association of Screen Time With Internalizing and Externalizing Behavior Problems in Children 12 Years or Younger

JAMA Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 79(5), P. 393 - 393

Published: March 16, 2022

Currently, there is a lack of consensus in the literature on association between screen time (eg, television, video games) and children's behavior problems.To assess duration externalizing internalizing problems among children 12 years or younger.For this systematic review meta-analysis, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO databases were searched for articles published from January 1960 to May 2021. Reference lists manually additional studies.Included studies measured (ie, duration) younger, observational experimental (with baseline data), available English, had data that could be transformed into an effect size. Studies conducted during COVID-19 pandemic excluded. Of 25 196 nonduplicate identified screened inclusion, 595 met selection criteria.The study followed Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline. Extracted variables child age, sex, socioeconomic status; informants measurement type problems; publication year; design quality. Data extracted by 2 independent coders pooled using random-effects model.The primary outcome was with aggression, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms) depression, anxiety) behaviors diagnoses.Of full-text assessed eligibility, 87 all inclusion criteria, comprising 98 samples 159 425 participants (mean [SD] 6.07 [2.89] years; 83 246 [51.30%] male). Increased small but significant correlation more (90 samples; r, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.10-0.12) (43 0.07; 0.05-0.08) children. Several methodological moderators explained between-study heterogeneity. There evidence heterogeneity (I2 = 87.80).This meta-analysis found correlations problems. Methodological differences across likely contributed mixed findings literature.

Language: Английский

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Psychological Outcomes and Interventions for Individuals With Congenital Heart Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(8)

Published: July 14, 2022

Although resilience and high quality of life are demonstrated by many individuals with congenital heart disease, a range significant psychological challenges exists across the span for this growing patient population. Psychiatric disorders represent most common comorbidity among people disease. Clinicians becoming increasingly aware magnitude problem its interplay patients' physical health, seek guidance resources to improve emotional, behavioral' social outcomes. This American Heart Association scientific statement summarizes outcomes patients disease reviews age-appropriate mental health interventions, including psychotherapy pharmacotherapy. Data from studies on psychotherapeutic, educational' pharmacological interventions population scarce but promising. Models integration professionals within both pediatric adult care teams exist have shown benefit. Despite strong advocacy patients, families' professionals, however, initiatives been slow move forward in clinical setting. It is goal serve as catalyst spur efforts large-scale research examining experiences, outcomes, tailored integrating interdisciplinary implement model that offers best possible life.

Language: Английский

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The effects of early life adversity on children’s mental health and cognitive functioning

Translational Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: June 10, 2022

Emerging evidence suggests that partially distinct mechanisms may underlie the association between different dimensions of early life adversity (ELA) and psychopathology in children adolescents. While there is minimal types ELA are associated with specific outcomes, unique cognitive socioemotional consequences increase transdiagnostic risk mental health problems across internalizing externalizing spectra. The current review provides an overview recent findings examining (e.g., language, executive function), attention bias, emotion regulation), correlates along threat/harshness, deprivation, unpredictability. We underscore similarities differences connecting to particular identify gaps future directions help clarify inconsistencies literature. This focuses on childhood adolescence, periods exquisite neurobiological change sensitivity environment. utility dimensional models better understanding mechanistic pathways towards expression discussed, supporting value such developmental sequelae ELA. Integration existing focused psychiatric classification biobehavioral advance our etiology, phenomenology, treatment difficulties youth.

Language: Английский

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State-level macro-economic factors moderate the association of low income with brain structure and mental health in U.S. children

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: May 2, 2023

Abstract Macrostructural characteristics, such as cost of living and state-level anti-poverty programs relate to the magnitude socioeconomic disparities in brain development mental health. In this study we leveraged data from Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) 10,633 9-11 year old youth (5115 female) across 17 states. Lower income was associated with smaller hippocampal volume higher internalizing psychopathology. These associations were stronger states living. However, high that provide more generous cash benefits for low-income families, reduced by 34%, association family resembled lowest We observed similar patterns State-level may be confounded other factors related neurodevelopment robust controls numerous social, economic, political characteristics. findings suggest macrostructural including generosity policies, are potentially relevant addressing relationship low

Language: Английский

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Associations of family income with cognition and brain structure in USA children: prevention implications

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 26(11), P. 6619 - 6629

Published: May 14, 2021

Poverty, as assessed by several socioeconomic (SES) factors, has been linked to worse cognitive performance and reduced cortical brain volumes in children. However, the relative contributions of various SES factors on development mediating effects between cognition morphometry have not investigated. Here we used cross-sectional data from ABCD Study evaluate associations among demographic morphometrics, their reproducibility two independent subsamples 3892 Among family income (FI) best explained individual differences test scores (stronger for crystallized than fluid cognition), volume (CV), thickness (CT). Other that showed significant with morphometrics included parental education neighborhood deprivation, but when controlling FI, effect sizes were negligible regional patterns reproducible. Mediation analyses scores, which surrogate markers children's level stimulation, partially mediated association FI CT, whereas mediations significant. These results suggest lack supportive/educational stimulation children low-income families might drive CV CT. Thus, strategies enhance supportive quality could help counteract negative poverty development.

Language: Английский

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Child maltreatment and the development of psychopathology: The role of developmental timing and chronicity

Child Abuse & Neglect, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 120, P. 105215 - 105215

Published: July 20, 2021

Language: Английский

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Civil unrest, COVID-19 stressors, anxiety, and depression in the acute phase of the pandemic: a population-based study in Hong Kong

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 56(8), P. 1499 - 1508

Published: Feb. 16, 2021

To examine the joint associations of civil unrest and COVID-19 with probable anxiety depression during first half 2020 in Hong Kong. Associations were compared between persons low or high assets.A population-representative sample 4011 Kong Chinese residents aged 15 years older recruited February May 2020. Respondents reported current depressive symptoms, stress, assets (savings home ownership), demographics.Stress due to was associated higher prevalence depression; both stressors had prevalence. This pattern consistent among assets, but probabilities mental disorder substantially fewer assets.The effect on are cumulative: stress more disorders than only one, none these factors. Overall appear buffer consequences stressors, lowering risk disorder.

Language: Английский

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Adverse childhood experiences, parenting, and socioeconomic status: Associations with internalizing and externalizing symptoms in adolescence

Child Abuse & Neglect, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 125, P. 105493 - 105493

Published: Jan. 25, 2022

Language: Английский

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A review of the relationship between poverty and child abuse and neglect: Insights from scoping reviews, systematic reviews and meta‐analyses

Child Abuse Review, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(2)

Published: Nov. 2, 2022

Abstract An up‐to‐date and accurate picture of the evidence on impact poverty is a necessary element debate about future direction children's social care services internationally. The purpose this paper to update relationship between child abuse neglect (CAN) published since previous report in 2016 (Bywaters et al., 2016). A systematic search was conducted, identifying seven reviews. Poverty found be consistently strongly associated with maltreatment, that terms familial or community‐level poverty, economic security. Findings demonstrated both type quantity insecurities impacted maltreatment. Certain – income losses, cumulative material hardship housing reliably predicted Likewise, as families experienced more hardship, risk for maltreatment intensified. In some studies, differed by type. Future reviews need investigate individual papers their findings across different CAN measures, definitions, samples, types conceptualisations provide comprehensive understanding current research base directions which taken further understand prevent CAN.

Language: Английский

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Person–environment transactions differentiate personality and psychopathology

Nature Reviews Psychology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 1(1), P. 55 - 63

Published: Jan. 12, 2022

Language: Английский

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