Developmental Care in the Early Years in Pediatric Intensive Care Patients as a Strategy to Mitigate Pediatric Post-Intensive-Care Syndrome: A Narrative Review DOI
Ari R. Joffe, Charlene M.T. Robertson

Journal of Intensive Care Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 13, 2025

Survivors after pediatric critical care often have adverse sequelae in domains of cognition, executive function, attention, memory, visual-spatial skills, language, motor behavior, and emotional functioning, the post-intensive-care syndrome (PICS-p). The time from birth to approximately age 2 years is a period rapid structural functional brain development. fundamental architecture place by second year life. This narrative review focuses on how we, intensive unit (PICU), can work towards maximizing each patient's full potential despite experiences during hospitalization. In part I, concepts relevant understanding effects hospitalization PICU development are clarified, including toxic stress trauma, sensitive periods cascades, experience-expectant neural plasticity early years, resilience buffering adversity focused relational care. II, evidence presented that these important because they describe childhood pervasive physical health, cognitive, outcomes throughout lifespan. Evidence show intervention improve be effective. III, synthesized focusing opportunity before us, what we must do better while patients PICU, order their long-term lifelong outcomes. We present argue take public-health approach address key environmental conditions necessary for optimal hence facilitate children's ability thrive. Future research aim determine works best does not PICU. Early investments great help reduce growing burden healthcare costs.

Language: Английский

The neurobiological effects of childhood maltreatment on brain structure, function, and attachment DOI Creative Commons
Akemi Tomoda, Shota Nishitani, Shinichiro Takiguchi

et al.

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 11, 2024

Abstract Childhood maltreatment is a risk factor for psychopathologies, and influences brain development at specific periods, particularly during early childhood adolescence. This narrative review addresses phenotypic alterations in sensory systems associated with types of exposure, periods vulnerability to the neurobiological effects maltreatment, relationships between structure, function, connectivity, network architecture; psychopathology; resilience. It also maternal communication attachment disturbances, uses laboratory-based measures infancy case–control studies elucidate reactive disorders children histories. Moreover, we on acute oxytocin disorder methylation regulatory genes. Epigenetic changes may play critical role initiating or producing atypical structural functional maltreatment. However, these could be reversed through psychological pharmacological interventions, by anticipating preventing emergence subsequent psychopathological risks.

Language: Английский

Citations

21
Characterizing the dimensional structure of early-life adversity in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study DOI Creative Commons
Alexis Brieant, Anna Vannucci,

Hajer Nakua

et al.

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 61, P. 101256 - 101256

Published: May 18, 2023

Early-life adversity has profound consequences for youth neurodevelopment and adjustment; however, experiences of are heterogeneous interrelated in complex ways that can be difficult to operationalize organize developmental research. We sought characterize the underlying dimensional structure co-occurring adverse among a subset (ages 9–10) from Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (N = 7115), community sample United States. identified 60 environmental experiential variables reflect experiences. Exploratory factor analysis 10 robust dimensions early-life co-occurrence, corresponding conceptual domains such as caregiver substance use biological separation, psychopathology, lack support, socioeconomic disadvantage / neighborhood safety. These demonstrated distinct associations with internalizing problems, externalizing cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control. Non-metric multidimensional scaling characterized qualitative similarity dimensions. Results supported nonlinear three-dimensional representing adversity, including continuous gradients "perspective", "environmental uncertainty", "acts omission/commission". Our findings suggest there co-occurrence ABCD at baseline, resulting may have unique implications behavior.

Language: Английский

Citations

25
Dimensions of Early-Life Adversity Are Differentially Associated With Patterns of Delayed and Accelerated Brain Maturation DOI Creative Commons
Dani Beck, Lucy Whitmore, Niamh MacSweeney

et al.

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 97(1), P. 64 - 72

Published: July 29, 2024

BackgroundDifferent types of early-life adversity have been associated with children's brain structure and function. However, understanding the disparate influence distinct exposures on developing remains a major challenge.MethodsThis study investigates neural correlates 10 robust dimensions identified through exploratory factor analysis in large community sample youth from Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. age models were trained, validated, tested separately T1-weighted (T1; N = 9524), diffusion tensor (DTI; 8834), resting-state functional (rs-fMRI; 8233) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data two time points (mean 10.7 years, SD 1.2, range 8.9-13.8 years).ResultsBayesian multilevel modelling supported associations between different younger- older-looking brains. Dimensions generally related to emotional neglect, such as lack primary secondary caregiver support, supervision, lower gaps (BAGs), i.e., younger-looking In contrast, psychopathology, trauma exposure, family aggression, substance use separation biological parent, socio-economic disadvantage neighbourhood safety higher BAGs, brains.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that are differentially neurodevelopmental patterns, indicative dimension-specific delayed accelerated maturation.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Epigenetics and suicidal behavior in adolescents: a critical review DOI

Yu Funahashi,

Yogesh Dwivedi

Epigenomics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 16

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

Suicide continues to be a significant public health issue globally, claiming over 700,000 lives annually. It is, therefore, important assess the suicide risk properly and provide intervention in timely fashion. While heritability of suicidal behavior is around 50%, it does not explain factors involved causality. Recent evidence suggests that gene x environment interaction plays vital role behavior. In this paper, we critically evaluate association between adolescent epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modification, non-coding RNAs, as well epigenetic-based treatment options. was noted prevalence adolescents varied by age sex presence psychiatric disorders. Childhood adversity closely associated with Studies show alterations modifications may increase independent mental illnesses. Because are reversible, environmental enrichment or use pharmacological agents can target specific modulation able reduce population.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
The protective role of community cohesion across rural and urban contexts: implications for youth mental health DOI Creative Commons
Alexis Brieant, Keith B. Burt

Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 28, 2025

Background Exposure to adversity (e.g., negative life events) and socioeconomic disadvantage can increase the risk for internalizing externalizing symptoms, but many youth demonstrate resilience. Risk protective factors may vary depending on geographic contexts (i.e., urban vs. rural areas). We hypothesized that community cohesion would mitigate effects of mental health especially among communities. Method Data were drawn from Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development ( ABCD ) Study n = 10,812), a longitudinal study in United States. At baseline (9–10 years old), neighborhood was measured with Area Deprivation Index, reported total number events they had experienced. 2‐year follow‐up, caregivers within their community, at 3‐year child's symptomatology. A multiple‐group path model used compare living versus areas. Results In subsample, results indicated significant interaction between β −.03, p .004), such higher associated (but not internalizing) symptomatology low medium, high, levels cohesion. identified similar patterns neared conventional significance thresholds −.09, .052). There no adversity. Conclusions Community serve as factor experiencing by mitigating symptoms.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
The Effects of Childhood Adversity: Two Specific Neural Patterns DOI Creative Commons
Linlin Yan,

Eline J. Kraaijenvanger,

Ricardo Wennekers

et al.

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 174, P. 106176 - 106176

Published: April 25, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Illusory posttraumatic growth is common, but genuine posttraumatic growth is rare: A critical review and suggestions for a path forward DOI
Adriel Boals

Clinical Psychology Review, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 103, P. 102301 - 102301

Published: June 5, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

19
Do dimensions of childhood adversity differ in their direct associations with youth psychopathology? A meta-analysis DOI Creative Commons
Amy Hyoeun Lee, Yukihiro Kitagawa, Rebecca Mirhashem

et al.

Development and Psychopathology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 31

Published: April 8, 2024

Growing evidence supports the unique pathways by which threat and deprivation, two core dimensions of adversity, confer risk for youth psychopathology. However, extent to these differ in their direct associations with psychopathology remains unclear. The primary aim this preregistered meta-analysis was synthesize between threat, internalizing, externalizing, trauma-specific Because is proposed be directly linked socioemotional development, we hypothesized that magnitude would larger than those deprivation. We conducted a search peer-reviewed articles English using PubMed PsycINFO databases through August 2022. Studies assessed both deprivation used previously validated measures were included. One hundred twenty-seven included synthesis (

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Is there a role for higher cognitive processes in the development of obesity in humans? DOI
Suzanne Higgs

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 378(1885)

Published: July 24, 2023

Cognition underpins the flexibility of human eating and disruption to higher cognitive processes, such as inhibitory control memory, can result in increased food intake, which long term could weight gain. The aim this review is provide an overview current evidence on cognition a causal factor development obesity humans. Evidence from meta-analyses supports suggestion that function cross-sectionally associated with even when controlling for range confounding variables. However, association be explained by reverse causality because there also metabolic syndrome history excess western diet consumption alters brain structure function. Data longitudinal interventional studies non-human animal models suggest reciprocal relationship between exists but whether processes primary cause humans remains unclear. This article part discussion meeting issue 'Causes obesity: theories, conjectures (Part I)'.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Early life psychosocial stress increases binge-like ethanol consumption and CSF1R inhibition prevents stress-induced alterations in microglia and brain macrophage population density DOI Creative Commons
Stephen C. Gironda, Samuel W. Centanni,

J.L. Weiner

et al.

Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 43, P. 100933 - 100933

Published: Jan. 5, 2025

Early life stress (ELS) has lasting consequences on microglia and brain macrophage function. During ELS, macrophages alter their engagement with synapses leading to changes in neuronal excitability. Further, ELS can induce innate immune memory formation resulting altered responsivity future environmental stimuli. These alterations result adaptations circuit function may mediate the relationship between risk develop alcohol use disorder (AUD). Whether truly this remains elusive. Here, we report: 1) an model, psychosocial (PSS), increases binge-like ethanol consumption early adulthood. 2) Repeated population densities across brain. 3) PSS elicit following repeated consumption. 4) Microglia inhibition trended towards preventing PSS-evoked normalized densities. Therefore, our study suggests that acutely inhibiting during periods of prevent assist reducing AUD.

Language: Английский

Citations

0